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971.
Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - The emulsification of crude oil is caused by the oil flowing into the water, resulting in the increase of oil film tension, viscosity, water content, and... 相似文献
972.
Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Salt stress is an abiotic stress to plants in especially saline lakes. Dunaliella, a halophilic microalga distributed throughout salt lakes and seas, can... 相似文献
973.
The parameters of principal and directional extrema in a marine environment are important in marine engineering design, especially
for appropriate construction of oceanic platforms and other structures. When designing wave walls and break water structures,
the orientation of the breakwater or seawall depends mainly on the direction of the strongest waves. However, the strength
of the breakwater and the elevation of the seawall depend on the magnitude of the biggest wave height of the strongest waves.
Thus, identification of directional extrema plays an important role in the design of wave factors. When calculating the directional
extremum, different materials may require different specific computational methods, yet few theoretical studies have been
conducted in this field of research. Based on multivariate extremum statistical theory, this paper utilizes a discrete random
variable to build a joint probability model compounded by a discrete random variable and a multivariate continuous random
variable. Furthermore, this paper provides the first investigation on the theories and methodologies to deduce wave directional
extrema. The results provide tools for both creating the calculation method of the directional extremum value and providing
the rational directional extremum parameters for marine engineering design. 相似文献
974.
975.
Di-di Sun Yue-jiao Li Wen-qiang Zhao Zi-liang Zhang Dan-dan Li Chun-zhang Zhao Qing Liu 《山地科学学报》2016,13(8):1442-1452
Soil microbial communities are primarily regulated by environmental temperature. Our study investigated the effects of global warming on soil microbial community composition as measured via phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and soil chemical characteristics in relation to soil depth in a dragon spruce plantation and a spruce-fir-dominated natural forestin the Eastern Tibetan Plateau. Open-top chambers were utilized to increase the soil and air temperature. Soil samples were collected from the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm layers after a 4-year warming. Our results showed that the soil microbial community and the contents of TC (Total carbon), TN (Total nitrogen), NO 3 - , and NH 4 + responded differently to warming in the two contrasting forests, especially at the 0-10 cm soil depth. Warming increased soil microbial biomass at the 0-20 cm depth of soil in natural forest but reduced it at the 0-10 cm depth ofsoil in the plantation. In contrast, the TC and TN contents were reduced in most soil layers of a natural forest but increased in all of the soil layers of the plantation under warming conditions. This result suggested that the effects of warming on soil microbial community and soil C and N pools would differ according to soil depth and forest types; thus, the two contrasting forests would under go differing changes following the future climate warming in this region. 相似文献
976.
Tidal current energy is renewable and sustainable, which is a promising alternative energy resource for the future electricity supply. The straight-bladed vertical-axis turbine is regarded as a useful tool to capture the tidal current energy especially under low-speed conditions. A 2D unsteady numerical model based on Ansys-Fluent 12.0 is established to conduct the numerical simulation, which is validated by the corresponding experimental data. For the unsteady calculations, the SST model, 2×10~5 and 0.01 s are selected as the proper turbulence model, mesh number, and time step, respectively. Detailed contours of the velocity distributions around the rotor blade foils have been provided for a flow field analysis. The tip speed ratio(TSR) determines the azimuth angle of the appearance of the torque peak, which occurs once for a blade in a single revolution. It is also found that simply increasing the incident flow velocity could not improve the turbine performance accordingly. The peaks of the averaged power and torque coefficients appear at TSRs of 2.1 and 1.8, respectively. Furthermore, several shapes of the duct augmentation are proposed to improve the turbine performance by contracting the flow path gradually from the open mouth of the duct to the rotor. The duct augmentation can significantly enhance the power and torque output. Furthermore, the elliptic shape enables the best performance of the turbine. The numerical results prove the capability of the present 2D model for the unsteady hydrodynamics and an operating performance analysis of the vertical tidal stream turbine. 相似文献
977.
随着城市化进程加速,城市范围迅猛扩大,人口急剧膨胀,高层建筑林立,地下空间开发规模化,面临着水资源贫化、地质环境恶化和地质灾害频发等巨大挑战.为了有效地应对挑战,迫切需要在城市多要素地质环境调查并建立完善的信息系统的基础上,开展面向“智慧城市”的精细、全息三维地质建模,即建立新型的城市“玻璃国土”,实现城市地质环境时空透视,然后利用传感器、物联网和云技术,建立城市地质资源、地质环境和地质灾害动态监测数据链,最后基于地质科学大数据的同化、融合和挖掘技术,进行智能预警和管控. 相似文献
978.
979.
We extracted marine low-temperature lysozyme (MLTL), a novel lysozyme, from a marine microorganism through fermentation. Our
previous study suggested that a low molecular weight (16 kDa) may exert anti-tumor activity through antiangiogenesis. In this
study, we extracted a high weight (39 kDa) and investigated its antiangiogenic activity in vivo and in vitro. Using zebrafish embryos as an in vivo study model, we found that treatment with MLTL significantly inhibited the growth of subintestinal vessels (SIVs) in a dose-dependent
manner and that 400 μg/ml MLTL was sufficient to block the growth of SIVs. An in vitro study conducted using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) revealed that MLTL suppressed the proliferation, migration
and tube formation of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, assays by flow cytometry and DNA electrophoresis indicated
that MLTL was able to induce apoptosis of HUVECs. Moreover, further study demonstrated that the disruption of intracellular
Ca2+ homeostasis may play an important role in MLTL induced apoptosis of HUVECs. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate
for the first time that MLTL inhibits angiogenesis through its pleiotropic effects on vascular endothelial cells and induces
apoptosis through regulation of cellular Ca2+ levels. The results of this study also revealed a possible mechanism underlying the antiangiogenic effect of MLTL and suggested
that MLTL may be a promising new antiangiogenic agent for use in cancer therapy. 相似文献
980.
Leaf morphological and stoichiometric characteristics are considered to represent both the interior inheritable characters in the plant and its adaptations to specific exterior environments. Rhododendron agglutinatum, an evergreen alpine shrub species, occupies a wide range of habitats above timberline in the Miyaluo Natural Reserve, southwestern China. Along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 3700 to 4150 m, we measured leaf morphological characters including leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA), and one leaf area (OLA), as well as carbon (C) and nutrient (N, P) contents in leaves of three different age groups (juvenile leaves, mature leaves and senescent leaves). We also calculated the stoichiometric relationships among carbon and nutrients (C/N, C/P and N/P). Results showed that both age and altitude affected the leaf morphological and stoichiometric properties of R. agglutinatum. Mature leaves possessed the highest LDMC, LMA and C contents both on a dry mass basis and on a unit area basis. Younger leaves possessed higher contents of nutrients. OLA as well as ratios between carbon and nutrients (C/N, C/P) increased with ages. Juvenile leaves possessed lowest ratio between nitrogen and phosphorus. In juvenile leaves, nutrients increased with altitudinal elevation, whereas other traits decreased. In mature leaves, nutrients and their ratios with carbon showed consistent trends with juvenile leaves along increasing altitude, whereas LMA and carbon on a unit area basis showed opposite trends with juvenile leaves along increasing altitude. In senescent leaves, only content of phosphorus on a unit area basis and N/P were found linearly correlated with altitude. Our results demonstrated a clear pattern of nutrient distribution with aging process in leaves and indicated that a high possibility of N limitation in this region. We also concluded that younger leaves could be more sensitive to climate changes due to a greater altitudinal influence on the leaf traits in younger leaves than those in elder leaves. 相似文献