INVESTIGATION ON GEOSTROPHIC ADJUSTMENT,FRONTOGENESIS AND OSCILLATIONS

Geostrophic adjustment and frontogenesis are examined by means of the 2-D ARPS model.The simulation shows that.without the large-scale forcing,both the frontogenesis and frontolysisare observed during the geostrophic adjustment process and the intensity of the front oscillates inthe case of no discontinuity.The convergence (divergence) induced by the secondary circulation isthe most important factor for frontogenesis (frontolysis) at the top and bottom boundaries.Theamplitude and period of oscillation are dependent on the initial atmospheric stratification and theCoriolis frequency,and they are related to the inertio-gravity wave.     

桐庐杂岩体中共存的两种碱性长石研究

桐庐同熔型火山－侵入杂岩中出现两种碱性长石，一种为无色透明，另一种为微红色，本文利用X射线衍射仪，电子探针，透射电镜对其结构态，成分及出溶微结构进行了对比研究。结果表明，两者成分差别不大，而结构差别较大，无色透明的为透长石，出溶叶片发育；微红色的为正长石或低透长石，出溶结构不发育。而且随着冷却速率的变慢，无色透明碱性长石的Al/Si有序度增大，微红色碱性长石的有序度降低，分析后认为这种共存现象是岩浆混和造成的，从而为桐庐杂岩体的岩浆混合成因提供了有力的证据。     

油、水、干层的地球化学识别

本文介绍一种判断油、水、干层的地球化学方法，根据储层样品中有机抽提的的含量和组成特征，结合油层物性，地层测试和试油资料编制织识别油、水，干层的图版，提出判别油、水、干层的地质／地球化学指标，确定油层的地球化学参数的下限，并运用此方法对松辽盆地新站油田主要油层分布段的油、水、干层进行判别。根据试油资料验证表明，地球化学判断结果比传统的地质录井及地球物理测井资料判断结果更符合实际情况。     

东海超高压榴辉岩中绿帘石、褐帘石、磷灰石和钍石集合体的电子探针成分和化学定年研究

中国大陆超深钻(CCSD)主孔从100米到3000米切穿含柯石英榴辉岩,为系统研究大陆深俯冲过程中含稀土元素副矿物提供了机会。本文报道了该钻孔榴辉岩存在发现的绿帘石、褐帘石、磷灰石和钍石复合颗粒。它们以同心环带结构为特征,从边部向中心依次为绿帘石、褐帘石和磷灰石;钍石既可包裹再磷灰石中,也可见于褐帘石中。电子探针分析显示,褐帘石不仅含有较高的轻稀土元素(LREE2O3=23．36wt％),而且可含有2．6wt％ThO2。根据绿帘石和褐帘石的电子探针高分辨U、Th、Pb成分计算得到绿帘石边部的形成年龄为738±88Ma,该年龄与大别-苏鲁地体榴辉岩的元古代源岩的年龄相当,因此,绿帘石可能为残留相。相反,褐帘石的年龄为220±41Ma,与大别-苏鲁超高压变质年龄相近。因此,褐帘石与磷灰石和钍石一起应该为超高压变质事件的产物。根据绿帘石、褐帘石及其共生的磷灰石和钍石的结构、成分特征和化学定年结果,我们推测绿帘石与可能已完全消耗的独居石很可能为变质副矿物组合的先驱矿物。独居石-绿帘石复合颗粒在榴辉岩相高压／超高压变质过程中反应形成磷灰石+钍石+褐帘石组合。     

中国大陆科学钻探（CCSD）深部地层微生物研究——两株未培养地下微生物菌株原位含量的分析

从地下1033．77米深处岩芯中提取微生物DNA,经PCR扩增,获得16S rDNA序列。选取其中两个序列(CCSD1305与CCSD1307),根据其16S rDNA可变区设计PCR引物,通过实时定量PCR分析,确定这两株未培养微生物在岩芯中的生物量。结果表明,CCSD1305与CCSD1307在该岩芯中的数量分别约为6．6×104和2．18×106个／克岩石。     

Interannual Thermocline Signals and El Nio-La Nia Turnabout in the Tropical Pacific Ocean

One of the fundamental questions concerning the nature and prediction of the oceanic states in the equatorial eastern Pacific is how the turnabout from a cold water state (La Nina) to a warm water state (El Nino) takes place, and vice versa. Recent studies show that this turnabout is directly linked to the interannual thermocline variations in the tropical Pacific Ocean basin. An index, as an indicator and precursor to describe interannual thermocline variations and the turnabout of oceanic states in our previous paper (Qian and Hu, 2005), is also used in this study. The index, which shows the maximum subsurface temperature anomaly (MSTA), is derived from the monthly 21-year (1980-2000) expendable XBT dataset in the present study. Results show that the MSTA can be used as a precursor for the occurrences of El Nino (or La Nina) events. The subsequent analyses of the MSTA propagations in the tropical Pacific suggest a one-year potential predictability for El Nino and La Nina events by identifying ocean temperature anomalies in the thermocline of the western Pacific Ocean. It also suggests that a closed route cycle with the strongest signal propagation is identified only in the tropical North Pacific Ocean. A positive (or negative) MSTA signal may travel from the western equatorial Pacific to the eastern equatorial Pacific with the strongest signal along the equator. This signal turns northward along the tropical eastern boundary of the basin and then moves westward along the north side of off-equator around 16°N. Finally, the signal returns toward the equator along the western boundary of the basin. The turnabout time from an El Nino event to a La Nina event in the eastern equatorial Pacific depends critically on the speed of the signal traveling along the closed route, and it usually needs about 4 years. This finding may help to predict the occurrence of the El Nino or La Nina event at least one year in advance.     

矿产资源管理信息系统设计与开发

基于GIS的矿产资源管理信息系统采用地理信息系统(GIS)技术、SQL Server数据库技术以及网络技术,实现了矿产资源信息图形数据与属性数据统一管理,为矿产资源管理工作提供了现代化的科学管理手段和决策支持。本文介绍了系统的设计与实现、系统包含的工作模块、各个模块的功能结构以及采用的技术特点。     

δ~(18)O record and temperature change over the past 100 years in ice cores on the Tibetan Plateau

1 IntroductionMeteorological stations on the Tibetan Plateau are few in number and uneven in distribution, with a majority concentrated in the east and south. No stations exist so far within the large expanse in the middle or west of the Plateau. Moreover…     

贵州大方煤田主采煤层的矿物学异常及其对元素地球化学的影响

运用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、带能谱仪的扫描电镜(SEM-EDX)、逐级化学提取(SCEP)和光学显微镜等方法,对贵州大方煤田11号煤层的地球化学和矿物学进行了研究。结果表明,大方煤田11号煤层中有高含量的脉状石英(11.4%)和脉状铁白云石(10.2%),铁白云石周边常被针铁矿所包裹,在脉状石英中发现有热液成因的黄铜矿、闪锌矿和硒方铅矿,此外,还有少量高岭石充填在脉中,这7种矿物常常同脉共存。脉状石英和脉状铁白云石分别来源于硅质和富铁的钙质低温热液流体,形成温度分别为180℃和85℃。脉状石英早于脉状铁白云石形成。根据Ca/Sr和Fe/Mn值,确定出铁白云石的形成至少经历了3个时期。这7种矿物按照从早到晚的生成顺序为硫化物、石英、高岭石、铁白云石和针铁矿。铁白云石是煤中Mn、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn富集的主要原因,这5种微量元素的含量分别为0.09%、74.0μg/g、33.6μg/g、185μg/g和289μg/g。脉状石英是煤中铂族元素Pd、Pt和Ir的主要载体,它们在煤中的含量分别为1.57μg/g、0.15μg/g和0.007μg/g。另外,黄铜矿、闪锌矿和硒方铅矿亦是11号煤层中Cu、Zn和Pb的重要载体。     

单纯形一模拟退火混合算法反求水文地质参数及其并行求解

本文利用单纯形法局部搜索速度快和模拟退火算法全局寻优的特点，同时为了克服各自算法的弊病，提出采用单纯形一模拟退火混合算法（SMSA）进行水文地质逆问题的求解。论文详细描述了SMSA算法的具体操作算子的实现，并将该算法应用于一个大型水源地的地下水模拟反演。计算结果表明，SMSA算法在水文地质参数反演计算具有求解速度快，精度高的特点，而且易于实现并行运算。