全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1353篇 |
免费 | 66篇 |
国内免费 | 327篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 66篇 |
大气科学 | 172篇 |
地球物理 | 604篇 |
地质学 | 509篇 |
海洋学 | 159篇 |
天文学 | 69篇 |
综合类 | 69篇 |
自然地理 | 98篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 18篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 28篇 |
2013年 | 25篇 |
2012年 | 62篇 |
2011年 | 105篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 28篇 |
2008年 | 68篇 |
2007年 | 65篇 |
2006年 | 72篇 |
2005年 | 81篇 |
2004年 | 64篇 |
2003年 | 54篇 |
2002年 | 58篇 |
2001年 | 44篇 |
2000年 | 73篇 |
1999年 | 36篇 |
1998年 | 32篇 |
1997年 | 41篇 |
1996年 | 38篇 |
1995年 | 54篇 |
1994年 | 39篇 |
1993年 | 55篇 |
1992年 | 60篇 |
1991年 | 73篇 |
1990年 | 53篇 |
1989年 | 44篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 35篇 |
1986年 | 23篇 |
1985年 | 23篇 |
1984年 | 19篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1935年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有1746条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
241.
K. Hattori I. Takahashi C. Yoshino N. Isezaki H. Iwasaki M. Harada K. Kawabata E. Kopytenko Y. Kopytenko P. Maltsev V. Korepanov O. Molchanov M. Hayakawa Y. Noda T. Nagao S. Uyeda 张素琴 《国际地震动态》2005,(11):33-44
过去对Spitak,Loma Prieta和Guam地震的研究表明,大地震发生之前都会有相应的磁场异常。为了确认这一事实并详细研究超低频(ULF)现象,日本建立了一个超低频磁力仪的监测网络,开展了包括小型台阵在内的网络观测工作。文中同时介绍了在Matsukawa台站观测到的与Iwateken Nairiku Hokubu地震(震级M6.1级,发生在1998年9月3日,震源深度为10km)相关的地磁资料。分析了4.5年的资料,并对获得的结果进行了讨论。在地震前两个星期,水平和垂直分量之间的谱密度比的(极化)变化表现出异常情况。这是在相当长的数据分析中发现的一次独特的变化,它暗示了这种异常变化可能是大地震孕育期间的一个信号。 相似文献
242.
M.O.Andreae D.Rosenfeld P.Artaxo A.A.Costa G.P.Frank K.M.Longo M.A.F.Silva-Dias 康凤琴 《干旱气象》2004,22(2):82-88
人们观测到亚马逊森林大火的浓烟减小了云滴的大小,使降水产生延迟。因为清洁云在云底以上1.5km处就可以产生降水,而被污染的云中这个高度要抬升到5km以上.在火成云中就要到7km以上了。云中低层被抑止的降雨和气溶胶沉降使得水份和烟尘向高层输送,高层的云就像能卸下很多污染物的‘烟’。在抬高了的降雨启动高度上,由于相变触发的上升气流导致强的雷雨、大雹以及其他类似的云体突破云顶进入平流层,在平流层沉降的污染物和水汽的辐射效应对气候系统有深刻的影响。大气中激发的风暴在更高层释放出潜热,这就从本质上影响了区域和全球的环流系统。这些过程共同影响了水份循环、大气中污染物的分布以及大气环流的动力学特征。 相似文献
243.
Z.AHMAD U.C.KOTHYARI K.G.RANGARAJU 《国际泥沙研究》2004,19(1):1-14
Laboratory experiments on longitudinal dispersion in clear-water and sediment-laden open channel flows are reported. Data from these experiments and those available from previous studies indicate that the suspended sediment present in the flow affects the longitudinal dispersion process. The observed velocity distributions over the depth of sediment-laden flows indicate that the velocity deviates from the mean velocity more in sediment-laden flows than in clear-water flows. The velocity distributions over the cross section and secondary flow in the channel are also expected to be altereddue to the presence of suspended sediments in the flow. For these reasons, more dispersion is found in sediment-laden flows than in corresponding clear-water flows. A predictor for the dispersion coefficient in sediment-laden flows is proposed. 相似文献
244.
Soil swelling-related disaster is considered as one of the most devastating geo-hazards in modern history.Hence,proper determination of a soil’s ability to expand is very vital for achieving a secure and safe ground for infrastructures.Accordingly,this study has provided a novel and intelligent approach that enables an improved estimation of swelling by using kernelised machines(Bayesian linear regression(BLR)&bayes point machine(BPM)support vector machine(SVM)and deep-support vector machine(D-SVM));(multiple linear regressor(REG),logistic regressor(LR)and artificial neural network(ANN)),tree-based algorithms such as decision forest(RDF)&boosted trees(BDT).Also,and for the first time,meta-heuristic classifiers incorporating the techniques of voting(VE)and stacking(SE)were utilised.Different independent scenarios of explanatory features’combination that influence soil behaviour in swelling were investigated.Preliminary results indicated BLR as possessing the highest amount of deviation from the predictor variable(the actual swell-strain).REG and BLR performed slightly better than ANN while the meta-heuristic learners(VE and SE)produced the best overall performance(greatest R2 value of 0.94 and RMSE of 0.06%exhibited by VE).CEC,plasticity index and moisture content were the features considered to have the highest level of importance.Kernelized binary classifiers(SVM,D-SVM and BPM)gave better accuracy(average accuracy and recall rate of 0.93 and 0.60)compared to ANN,LR and RDF.Sensitivity-driven diagnostic test indicated that the meta-heuristic models’best performance occurred when ML training was conducted using k-fold validation technique.Finally,it is recommended that the concepts developed herein be deployed during the preliminary phases of a geotechnical or geological site characterisation by using the best performing meta-heuristic models via their background coding resource. 相似文献
245.
Irrigated agriculture has expanded greatly in the water-rich U.S. northern lake states during the past half century. Source water there is usually obtained from glacial aquifers strongly connected to surface waters, so irrigation has a potential to locally decrease base flows in streams and water levels in aquifers, lakes, and wetlands. During the nascent phase of the irrigation expansion, water availability was explored in works of some fame in the Wisconsin central sands by Weeks et al. (1965) on the Little Plover River and Weeks and Stangland (1971) on "headwater area" streams and lakes. Four decades later, and after irrigation has grown to a dominant landscape presence, we revisited irrigation effects on central sands hydrology. Irrigation effects have been substantial, on average decreasing base flows by a third or more in many stream headwaters and diminishing water levels by more than a meter in places. This explains why some surface waters have become flow and stage impaired, sometimes to the point of drying, with attendant losses of aquatic ecosystems. Irrigation exerts its effects by increasing evapotranspiration by an estimated 45 to 142 mm/year compared with pre-irrigated land cover. We conclude that irrigation water availability in the northern lake states and other regions with strong groundwater-surface water connections is tied to concerns for surface water health, requiring a focus on managing the upper few meters of aquifers on which surface waters depend rather than the depletability of an aquifer. 相似文献
246.
Dissolved oxygen as an indicator of bioavailable dissolved organic carbon in groundwater 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) plotted vs. dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in groundwater samples taken from a coastal plain aquifer of South Carolina (SC) showed a statistically significant hyperbolic relationship. In contrast, DO-DOC plots of groundwater samples taken from the eastern San Joaquin Valley of California (CA) showed a random scatter. It was hypothesized that differences in the bioavailability of naturally occurring DOC might contribute to these observations. This hypothesis was examined by comparing nine different biochemical indicators of DOC bioavailability in groundwater sampled from these two systems. Concentrations of DOC, total hydrolysable neutral sugars (THNS), total hydrolysable amino acids (THAA), mole% glycine of THAA, initial bacterial cell counts, bacterial growth rates, and carbon dioxide production/consumption were greater in SC samples relative to CA samples. In contrast, the mole% glucose of THNS and the aromaticity (SUVA(254)) of DOC was greater in CA samples. Each of these indicator parameters were observed to change with depth in the SC system in a manner consistent with active biodegradation. These results are uniformly consistent with the hypothesis that the bioavailability of DOC is greater in SC relative to CA groundwater samples. This, in turn, suggests that the presence/absence of a hyperbolic DO-DOC relationship may be a qualitative indicator of relative DOC bioavailability in groundwater systems. 相似文献
247.
Photochemical degradation of phenanthrene as a function of natural water variables modeling freshwater to marine environments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Photolysis rates of phenanthrene as a function of ionic strength (salinity), oxygen levels and humic acid concentrations were measured in aqueous solution over the range of conditions found in fresh to marine waters. Photolysis followed first order kinetics, with an estimated photodegradation half-life in sunlight in pure water of 10.3±0.7h, in the mid-range of published results. Photolysis rate constants decreased by a factor of 5 in solutions with humic acid concentrations from 0 to 10 mg C L(-1). This decrease could be modeled entirely based on competitive light absorption effects due to the added humics. No significant ionic strength or oxygen effects were observed, consistent with a direct photolysis mechanism. In the absence of significant solution medium effects, the photodegradation lifetime of phenanthrene will depend only on solar fluxes (i.e. temporal and seasonal changes in sunlight) and not vary with a freshwater to marine environment. 相似文献
248.
249.
250.
A high-resolution real-time forecasting system for predicting the fate of oil spills in the Strait of Bonifacio (western Mediterranean Sea) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cucco A Sinerchia M Ribotti A Olita A Fazioli L Perilli A Sorgente B Borghini M Schroeder K Sorgente R 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(6):1186-1200
The Strait of Bonifacio is a long and narrow area between Corsica and Sardinia. To manage environmental emergencies related to the spill of oil from vessels, an innovative forecasting system was developed. This tool is capable of operationally predicting the dispersion of hydrocarbon spills in the coastal area of the Bonifacio Strait, either from an instantaneous or continuous spill and either in forward or backward mode. Experimental datasets, including ADCP water current measurements and the trajectories of drifter buoys released in the area, were used to evaluate the accuracy of this system. A comparison between the simulation results and experimental data revealed that both the water circulation and the surface transport processes are accurately reproduced by the model. The overall accuracy of the system in reproducing the transport of an oil spill at sea was estimated for both forward and backward prediction mode and in relation to different forecasting time lags. 相似文献