A study on the early-warning technique concerning debris flow disasters

According to the principle of the eruption of debris flows, the new torrent classification techniques are brought forward. The torrent there can be divided into 4 types such as the debris flow torrent with high destructive strength, the debris flow torrent, high sand-carrying capacity flush flood torrent and common flush flood by the techniques. In this paper, the classification indices system and the quantitative rating methods are presented. Based on torrent classification, debris flow torrent hazard zone mapping techniques by which the debris flow disaster early-warning object can be ascertained accurately are identified. The key techniques of building the debris flow disaster neural network (NN)real time forecasting model are given detailed explanations in this paper, including the determination of neural node at the input layer, the output layer and the implicit layer, the construction of knowledge source and the initial weight value and so on. With this technique, the debris flow disaster real-time forecasting neural network model is built according to the rainfall features of the historical debris flow disasters, which includes multiple rain factors such as rainfall of the disaster day, the rainfall of 15 days before the disaster day, the maximal rate of rainfall in one hour and ten minutes. It can forecast the probability, critical rainfall of eruption of the debris flows, through the real-time rainfall monitoring or weather forecasting. Based on the torrent classification and hazard zone mapping, combined with rainfall monitoring in the rainy season and real-time forecasting models, the debris flow disaster early-warning system is built. In this system, the GIS technique, the advanced international software and hardware are applied, which makes the system′s performance steady with good expansibility. The system is a visual information system that serves management and decision-making, which can facilitate timely inspect of the variation of the torrent type and hazardous zone, the torrent management, the early-warning of disasters and the disaster reduction and prevention.     

非线性奇异摄动问题的微分求积区域分裂法

应用微分求积区域分裂法求解非线性奇异摄动问题。数值实验结果表明，该法准确度高，计算量少。     

滨里海盆地的岩相古地理特征及其演化

滨里海盆地内充填了巨厚的古生代、中生代和新生代沉积物。在剖面上可分为三套地层组合，即盐下层系、含盐层系和盐上层系。盐下层系为下古生界-下二叠统，包括巨厚的碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩沉积，在泥盆纪-早二叠世，滨里海盆地周缘广大地区普遍发育碳酸盐岩，在许多古隆起上还发育生物礁体，说明这一时期盆地的滨、浅海地带具有浅、清、暖的沉积环境，盆外陆源碎屑供应较少。含盐层系为下二叠统上部孔谷阶。早二叠世中-后期由于持续构造抬升，盆地气候变得干旱，海水变浅，潮上带蒸发环境发育，以致这一时期广泛发育盐类沉积，形成含盐层系，主要由盐岩和硬石膏层构成，并形成许多大小不等的盐丘构造。盐上层系为上二叠统-第四系。晚二叠世-三叠纪盆地又经历了一次大的海侵，为浅海陆棚环境，局部为海陆过渡三角洲相。侏罗纪-白垩纪在总的浅海陆棚环境下，盆地不同地区也形成了湖泊和瀉湖环境。晚二叠世以后形成的盐上层系沉积，主要为碎屑岩，在局部地区有碳酸盐岩。     

Introduction of structural aseismic research in China in recent four years

Introduction Greeting the coming of the 21st century, Professor HU Yu-xian and other Chinese scholars briefed the trend of earthquake engineering in China and aboard (HU, 1999; HU, ZHOU, 1999). The experiences and lessons learning from the destructive earthquakes in China and abroad in re-cent years, the damage action of the large velocity impulse in ground motion in near field in seis-mic design, numerous earthquake examples show that there are many weaknesses in aspects of earthquake p…     

防汛信息共享与元数据应用研究

分析了FGDC、CEN／TC287等元数据标准，讨论了基于GIS的防汛信息共享与元数据的应用，设计了防汛信息元数据库，实现了元数据支持下的防汛信息共享。     

地理空间元数据及其相关技术的探讨

对地理空间元数据的概念、功能、内容及标准化情况进行了详细的介绍，并就其部分相关技术做了深入的探讨。     

湖南省2001年夏秋季对流云降水潜力数值模拟结果

应用对流云数值模式模拟了2001年7～9月湖南省三个探空站0000和1200(世界时)462个对流云降水算例.模拟结果表明(1)其中53天的198个算例属于有利人工增雨的天气形势,133个算例的可播度大于零,54个算例的增雨率大于零;(2)7～9月天气形势有利于人工增雨日的算例,对流云平均含水量为575万吨,平均降水效率11.4%;(3)8月降水潜力大于7月,9月降水潜力最小.这表明即使大旱的2001年湖南省夏秋季对流云仍然有一定的增雨潜力.     

隧道GPS网对横向贯通误差的影响

本文在阐述隧道工程独立坐标系和隧道ＧＰＳ网数据处理方法的基础上推导出ＧＰＳ网对横向贯通误差影响的通用计算公式，分析了隧道ＧＰＳ网基准数据位置对横向贯通误差的影响。     

地震模拟振动台振动对建筑物中人体的舒适感的影响分析

本文给出了一种地震模拟振劝台振运对建筑物中人体的舒适感影响的分析方法，并结合实例进行了具体分析。文中给出的分析方法和实例计算结果对于地震馆的设计有一定参考价值。     

矿物肥料的抗旱作用实践与机理的初步研究

光合作用是绿色植物通过叶绿体，利用光能的催化反应把二氧化碳和水合成储存能量的一种过程，特别是水在光合作用下，若不能与二氧化碳保持一定比例的平衡，则光合作用不能继续进行，势必影响到作物的产量。因此，若施用抗旱肥料，不仅光合作用得到新的平衡，更由于光照强度大，时间也长，使合成有机物的丰度大为改观。所以，作物若施用新肥，不仅抗旱，还能保产与增收。