陕鼓井气氡观测资料映震效能初探

在陕西镇安ML3.6、临潼ML3.3、合阳ML3.1、千阳ML3.1级地震,四川汶川M8.0、青川M6.4、宁强M5.7级地震前后,陕鼓井的气氡观测数据均出现了大幅度的上升异常,表明陕鼓井的气氡异常不仅有较好的地震前兆效应而且还有震后效应,对出现的这种对应关系的机理进行了分析讨论.     

基于欧拉—拉格朗日模式的风沙跃移数值模拟方法

通过对沙粒的起动过程以及粒床相互作用机理进行参数化处理,利用计算流体力学方法与离散动力学模拟对风场和沙粒进行耦合迭代,建立了基于欧拉—拉格朗日模式的、适用于研究风沙流二维特征的风沙跃移数值模型。通过模拟沙粒集团以及单颗沙粒跃移运动的随机特征,有效描述了风沙流垂向以及沿程变化规律,并且能够输出任意时刻每颗沙粒的空间位置、速度和加速度等信息。输沙通量的空间分布与现场观测实验数据有较高的吻合度,摩阻风速和风速廓线两个宏观物理量的变化情况与风沙流形成和发展的物理实际相符,说明了本数值模型和计算方法的合理性。     

Implications of subduction and subduction zone migration of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath eastern North China,based on distribution,geochronology, and geochemistry of Late Mesozoic volcanic rocks

Several major volcanic zones are distributed across the eastern North China Craton, from northwest to southeast: the Greater Xing’an Range, Jibei-Liaoxi, Xishan, and Songliao Basins, and the Yanji, Huanghua, and Ludong volcanic zones. The Huanghua depression within the Bohai Bay Basin was filled by middle Late Mesozoic volcanic rocks and abundant Cenozoic alkaline basalts. Zircon LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP U–Pb dating show that basic–intermediate volcanic rocks were extruded in the Early Cretaceous of 118.8 ± 1.0 Ma (weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age), before Late Cretaceous acid lavas at 71.5 ± 2.6 Ma. An inherited zircon from andesite has a Paleoprotoerozoic core crystallization age of 2,424 ± 22 Ma (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb age) indicating that the basement of the Bohai Bay Basin is part of the North China Craton. Early Cretaceous basic and intermediate lavas are characterized by strong enrichments in LREE and LILE and depletions in HREE and HFSE, indicating a volcanic arc origin related to oceanic subduction. Depletion in Zr only occurs in basic and intermediate volcanic rocks, while depletions in Sr and Ti exist only in acid samples, indicating that the acid series is not genetically related to the basic–intermediate series. Formation ages and geochemical features indicate that the Late Cretaceous acid lavas are products of crustal remelting in an extensional regime. Combined information from all these volcanic zones shows that subduction-related volcanic rocks were generated in the Jibei-Liaoxi and Xishan volcanic zones during the Early Jurassic, about 60 Ma earlier than their analogues extruded in the Huanghua and Ludong volcanic zones during the Early Cretaceous. This younging trend also exists in the youngest extension-related volcanism in each of these zones: Early Cretaceous asthenosphere-derived alkaline basalts in the northwest and Late Cretaceous in the southeast. A tectonic model of northwestward subduction and continuous oceanward retreat of the Paleo-Pacific Plate is proposed to explain the migration pattern of both arc-related and post-subduction extension-related volcanic rocks. As the subduction zone continuously migrated, active continental margin and backarc regimes successively played their roles in different parts of North China during the Late Mesozoic (J₁–K₂).     

Species composition and diversity of pelagic fishes based on a longline fishery catch in the North Pacific Ocean

Evaluation of spatial-temporal variability of species composition and diversity in oceanic ecosystems is not easy because it is usually difficult to obtain sufficient data quantifying such variability.In this study,we examined pelagic species diversity indicators,species richness,Shannon-Wiener index of diversity and Hurlbert’s species evenness,for fish assemblages from two areas(north and south) in the North Pacific Ocean(2°±12°N,178°E±165°W) during May±July 2008.The assemblages were based on data collected by an onboard scientific observer during a commercial longline fishing trip.The species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of fish assemblages in the northern area were slightly higher than those in the southern area,although these differences were not significant(t test,P.0.05).Non-parametric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarities indicated that there were significant differences in fish assemblages between the two areas(P,0.01).     

浙东南某些中生代侵入岩体的^40Ar—^39Ar年龄测定

采用~(40)Ar~(39)Ar定年技术测定了浙东南几个侵入于磨石山群中的燕山期中酸性岩侵入体的年龄。梁弄岩体的石英闪长岩和二长花岗岩的年龄为101Ma,龙王堂岩体的花岗岩和钾长花岗岩的年龄均为110Ma,山头郑石英闪长岩年龄为108Ma,洪公石英正长岩的年龄为124Ma。此年龄范围与早白垩世太平洋洋底快速扩张期相当。     

VLBI、卫星网和地面网联合平差的数学模型

本文同时顾及地面网尺度系统误差和卫星网尺度系统误差对各自网点坐标的影响,对联合平差中常用的两种7参数转换模型:Bursa模型和Molodensky模型进行了分析比较,在此基础上,提出了一种新的7参数转换模型;建立了甚长基线(VLBI)、卫星网和地面网联合平差的数学模型,并用模拟数据进行了数值分析,得到了一些有益结论。     

准噶尔盆地西南缘构造模式、演化及其油气

通过地震勘探、钻井、地面地质资料综合分析,列出了6点依据,认为,盆地南缘西部构造特征是3个深浅层次的北凸孤形滑脱体。它们分别为燕山和喜山运动由南向北的侧向挤压造就而成。圈闭的含油气性,总的说来西段较东段好。     

丹东韧性剪切带变形特征及其在五龙金矿成矿过程中的意义

五龙金矿位于丹东北东向韧性剪切带中,是一个典型的后韧性剪切带型金矿,韧性剪切带由应变不均一的线性强应变带和透镜状弱应变域构成,总体呈现网结状构造样式,韧性剪切变形的强弱与围岩中金元素的运移富集程度密切相关,其强、弱应变域直接控制含金石英脉的空间分布,根据剪切带构造演化与成矿过程在时空上的联系,建立了该区的构造控矿模式。     

辽宁丹东五龙金矿矿化类型及其构造控制机理

位于辽宁丹东地区的五龙金矿受ＮＥ向剪切系统控制．在剪切带发展演化过程中，于不同阶段形成不同类型的金矿化。在早期韧性剪切带上升剥蚀阶段出现的ＮＥ向脆－韧性线状剪切带，控制同剪切带型金矿；叠加在韧性剪切带之上的ＮＮＥ向一级断裂控制破碎带蚀变岩型金矿的形成和分布；沿ＳＮ向和ＮＷ向的二级断裂构造控制含金石英脉型金矿。     

后效严重型强震重复时间讨论

本文根据中国七个地区的古地震重复时间统计以及某些大震区的低电阻特性,建立了震源热模型并进行了定量计算。给出了后效严重型的大震(M≥7)的重复时间。