清江流域旅游资源分布规律及成因

通过对清江流域复杂的自然条件和环境的概括,说明了该地区丰富多彩的自然和人旅游资源形成的根本原因,以该地区最具特色的自然景观－地质地貌景观为主要研究对象,阐述了地质过程、地貌演化是该地区其他自然旅游景观形成、演化的主要动力和控制因素。同时,也强调了自然界的时空演进对人文景观形成和分布的重要控制作用。     

中国天然气资源安全态势分析

通过文献梳理建立中国天然气资源安全评价指标体系,运用聚类分析和灰色关联分析优化了已构建的评价指标体系。在此基础上采用熵值法衡量出中国天然气安全指数,通过设立高、基准和低3种情景方案,运用PSO-SVM模型对2020年中国天然气安全态势进行了分析。结果表明:(1)在评价期内,中国天然气处于不安全程度,天然气安全指数呈现先波动下降再缓慢上升的趋势;(2)不同的天然气利用政策及与之配套的能源政策能够显著影响中国天然气安全发展。建议中国政府加强对天然气等能源政策的干预力度,以便更好地发挥上述政策和措施在提高天然气能源利用效率、改善能源结构和保证国民经济平稳运行方面的积极作用。     

多金属结核样品中微量碘的测定

试验了艾斯卡试剂半熔温度对离子色谱法测定多金属结核中碘的影响，选定半熔温度为６７０℃可控制锰酸盐的形成以消除其对测碘的干扰。用此法测定多金属结核标样中碘，其结果与信息值符合，９次测定的ＲＳＤ小于２５％，加标回收率在９５５％～９７％。     

Numerical modelling on water retention and permeability of compacted GMZ bentonite under free-swelling conditions

In this study, a solid–liquid–gas coupled equation was established to simulate water retention characteristics of highly compacted GMZ bentonite. Then, modelling results were compared with laboratory test results. Results indicate that GMZ bentonite has a strong moisture expansion (or a limit drying shrinkage) characteristic. The control equation can simulate the water absorption and deformation characteristics very well at high relative humidity (or low suction). Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) observation reveals the course grain soil texture of the surface under low relative humidity (RH), while the surface of GMZ bentonite becomes smooth (more fine-grained soil texture) as RH increases. Differences were found between the porosities calculated by macroexperiment results and microscopic observations with ESEM method. This is because only the interaggregate pores can be observed by ESEM photographs. Additionally, we find that the simulated effective porosities are close to the results calculated by microscopic tests, while the effective porosity is considered as the main flow channel of flow. Further, the intrinsic permeability, the effective water and gas permeability are calculated based on the proposed model. The modelling results coincide well with the laboratory experimental results and support the reliability of the proposed model.     

基于AMOS的地震人员伤亡影响因素分析

选用震级、震中烈度、极震区面积、Ⅴ度区以上面积、地震预报、抗震设防烈度、设计基本地震加速度值、房屋倒塌面积、房屋破坏面积(中等破坏及以上)、男女性别比、受灾区人口密度、地震时间、震源深度13个因子作为地震人员伤亡的影响因素,在定性分析的基础上,运用SPSS、AMOS软件,选用1949年至2010年间发生在我国的362次成灾地震进行数据分析,构建地震人员伤亡影响因素结构方程模型,综合分析各个影响因素对人员伤亡的影响程度.模型的GFI为0.911,RMSEA为0.081,PGFI为0.607,PNFI为0.596,NC为3.077,表明模型拟合效果良好,适配合理,具有简约适配度.分析表明:房屋倒塌面积、房屋破坏面积(中等破坏及以上)、震中烈度、震级、五度区以上面积是影响地震人员伤亡的五项最主要影响因素,减少房屋的倒塌和破坏情况、进行地震预报是减少地震人员伤亡的主要措施,并按重要性分别提出关键措施、一般措施和其他措施,为区域防灾减灾工作提供建议.     

基于GIS和模型库的土地整治三维规划设计

为探索在现有技术条件下实现土地整治三维规划设计,提高规划设计质量和效率,本研究结合无人机航测遥感技术、GIS以及三维模型库等相关技术,构建一套实用的土地整治三维规划设计技术方案。以湖北省红安县高桥镇高标准基本农田土地整治项目为例,利用无人机航测并处理得到的基础数据,构建研究区现状三维景观,在GIS中利用空间分析进行辅助规划设计,运用模型库的方法构建土地整治单体模型,并完成规划三维景观构建,将土地整治规划设计由二维转向三维,促进土地整治事业的发展。     

基于RS与分形的下庄矿田线性构造空间特征分析

本文基于分形理论和RS技术,对遥感影像上所提取出来的线性构造信息进行定量分析、空间展布特征与铀矿富集关系的研究,并且简要阐述线性构造遥感影像机理和断裂构造信息的解译与提取。通过研究表明,下庄矿田断裂构造在0.3125—5km尺度范围内具有自相似性和分形特征,相关系数均超过0.98,并且在该尺度范围内断裂构造空间展布出现两个分形关系,在0.3125—1km尺度范围内分数维D1=1.0693,在1.25—4km尺度范围内D2=1.7469。这进一步表明该区断裂构造具有多重分形分布特征。其断裂构造展布在0.3125—1km小尺度范围内较小的分维值D1表明该区还有进一步勘探前景。     

U–Pb Ages for Zircon Grains from Nsanaragati Alluvial Gem Placers: Its Correlation to the Source Rocks

The Mamfe Basin is located in the SW of Cameroon and is an extension of the much bigger Benue Trough in the SE of Nigeria. Along the Asenem River and its tributaries in the western part of the Mamfe Basin (close to the border with Nigeria) gem placers yielding big zircon grains were found in recent river sediments close to Nsanaragati. In order to determine the source area and to establish a possible correlation between the zircons found in the Nsanaragati placers and rocks surrounding the Mamfe Basin 56 detrital zircon grains were analysed regarding their U–Pb ages and selected trace element contents by LA‐ICP–MS techniques. Possible source areas are rocks from the Benue Trough in the West and from the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL) in the SE of the study area. Based on microscopic analyses it was possible to distinguish two groups of zircons: reddish and non‐reddish ones, where the latter group comprises color variations from brown to orange, yellow to even colorless. In general, the detrital zircons show high hafnium values (4576 to 12565 ppm) and very variable thorium (7.8 to 1565 ppm) and uranium values (13.4 to 687 ppm). The Th/U ratios vary from 0.4 to 2.3, allowing correlations for some zircon grains to kimberlitic, granitic or syenitic affinities. It was also possible to distinguish zircon grains crystallised in mafic mantle‐derived melts from those crystallised in felsic melts, e.g. from continental rift‐related magmatic systems. In general, the U–Pb zircon ages obtained range from 11.7 to 1949 Ma. All zircons of the reddish group yielded almost similar ages resulting in a Concordia age of 12.4 Ma (Serravallian), an age unknown from the Mamfe Basin so far. The group of non‐reddish zircons showed various ages ranging from Serravallian to Orosirian. It was possible to correlate the youngest ages with rocks known from intrusions along the CVL, dated with K/Ar or Ar/Ar methods. The most probable sources were Mount Bamenda and Mount Bambouto in the east of the Mamfe Basin. Cretaceous ages are interpreted as re‐recycled clastic sediments whose original source had been rocks in the south and the north of the Benue Trough and who had been eroded and deposited within the catchment area of the Asenem river system in the Mamfe Basin in post‐Cretaceous times. The oldest ages are assumed to represent the pan‐African and pre‐pan‐African basement of the Mamfe basin.     

长江三角洲地区投资环境及其分级评价

本文阐释了投资环境的含义，分析了长江三角洲区域投资环境的总体特征，明确了投资环境的指标体系，采用“多指标综合价值评定法”对区域内部因长期社会、经济发展而形成的具有相似区域特征、地域上连片的上海、宁镇扬、苏锡常通、抗嘉湖、宁（波）绍舟等五个区域的投资环境状况作综合分级评判。     

Post-collisional adakitic biotite plagiogranites from Guangtoushan pluton (Mianxian, central China): Petrogenesis and tectonic implication

The post-collisional Guangtoushan pluton intruded into the Mianlue suture, Central China. Geochemically, the Guangtoushan biotite plagiogranites show many close compositional similarities to high-silica adakites from the supra-subduction zone setting, but tend to have a higher concentration of K₂O (3.22%–3.84%). Chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns are characterized by high ratios of (La/Yb)_N, concave-upward shapes of the heavy rare earth element (HREE), and a lack of significant Eu anomalies. In conjunction with high abundances of Ba and Sr, as well as low abundances of Y and HREE, these patterns suggest a feldspar-poor, garnet±amohibole-rich fractionation mineral assemblage. Coupled with previous studies, we suggest that the Guangtoushan biotite plagiogranites were likely to be caused by subducting slab break-off during the late orogenic stage in the West Qinling orogenic belt. Translated from Geological Bulletin of China, 2007, 26(4): 466–471 [译自: 地质通报]