不同类三维空间定位网联合处理的坐标转换模型

本文分析了不同类的三维空间定位网(简称为空间网或三维网)联合处理时,坐标转换摸型定义上的差别,从统计学角度定义了空间网系统性尺度误差,区分和讨论了不同类空间网的不同尺度特性,在提出理论模型的基础上,分析了各类空间网联合处理时的实用转换模型的特性和偏差。最后,提出了多类空间网联合处理时的最佳转换模型。     

浦东开发开放与长江经济带的跨世纪发展问题

浦东开发开放是长江沿江地区对外开放的龙头，本文论述了浦东开发开放带来的影响和长江沿江地区的发展，同时指出了沿江经济带跨世纪发展中面临的问题和挑战。     

基于微分响应的流域产流分单元修正方法

为考虑洪水预报误差的空间变化,提出一种基于微分响应的流域产流分单元修正方法.该方法建立了各单元流域产流与流域出口流量之间的微分响应关系,采用正则化最小二乘法结合逐步迫近进行反演求解,将产流误差估计量分配给相应单元流域实现流域产流分单元修正.将构建的方法应用于大坡岭流域和七里街流域进行新安江模型产流修正,比较分析了流域产流分单元修正、流域面平均产流修正和自回归修正的效果.结果表明：流域产流分单元修正效果优于流域面平均产流修正;随着预见期的增大,产流微分响应修正效果优于自回归修正.该方法通过汇流系统将流域出口断面流量信息进行分解用于修正各单元流域产流,有利于提高实时洪水预报精度.     

黔中隆起性质及其构造演化

黔中隆起是雏形于晚寒武世郁南运动的东西向平缓隆起,经历了都匀运动水下隆起向陆上隆起的转化发展阶段。通过对比沉积岩相与古地理研究,黔中隆起水陆转换开始于晚奥陶世涧草沟期,即都匀运动发生的时间,鼎盛时期发育在晚奥陶世五峰期至早志留世龙马溪期。广西运动期间,受到来自南部云开地块与桂滇-北越地块的挤压和南东向华夏地块与扬子板块汇聚、碰撞脉动式收缩的远程效应,出现了以黔中背斜、乌当-二比向斜为代表的东西向构造带和以麻江背斜为代表的南北向构造带共存的现象,之后,黔中隆起作为独立意义的构造单元消失,与江南古陆相连接进入联合发展时期。东吴运动和峨眉山玄武岩的喷发改变了黔中隆起控制东西走向的沉积古地理格架,变为近南北向,黔中隆起与上扬子地区的构造演化彻底融为一体,标志黔中隆起演化的彻底结束。黔中隆起南缘边界的镇远—贵阳断裂中的钾镁煌斑岩单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为(261.3±8.0)Ma,很好地指示了黔中隆起作为独立单元发展的最后年限。     

昌宁-孟连缝合带乌木龙-铜厂街洋岛型火山岩地球化学特征及其大地构造意义

详细的地球化学解析表明,乌木龙—铜厂街地区出露的蛇绿混杂岩主要包括方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩和碱性玄武岩。其中,方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩具有极低的CaO含量(<0.1%)、稀土总量(<5×10-6)和(La/Yb)N(0.96～1.14)值,(Ce/Yb)N为1.04～1.37,为轻稀土弱亏损型。本区碱性玄武岩具有高TiO2(2.57%～3.33%)、高K2O(2.29%～5.52%)的显著特征,(La/Yb)N为15.42～19.81,(Ce/Yb)N为12.48～14.76,为轻稀土强烈富集型;岩石Ti/V、Th/Ta、Th/Yb、Ti/Yb、Ta/Yb与来自亏损地幔的MORB以及与俯冲有关的岛弧火山岩明显不同,而主要显示为OIB型火山岩的微量元素地球化学特征,乃是典型的大洋板块内部岩浆作用的产物。该区洋岛型火山岩的厘定,表明昌宁—孟连古洋盆在石炭—二叠纪期间曾经历过一个由初始洋盆到成熟洋盆的完整发育演化过程。     

1987年元月8日甘肃迭部5.9级地震的震源机制解

根据甘肃省地震台网测定,1987年元月8日02点19分在甘肃省迭部境内发生了一次5.9级(M_s)地震。震中位于北纬34°10’,东经103°14’。震源深度为11公里。地震发生后,我们收集了甘肃、四川、青海等省地震台网和全国各基准台站所记录到的P波初动符号共72     

Precipitation variation in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau recorded by the tree rings since 850 AD and its relevance to the Northern Hemisphere temperature

With their high resolution and reliability, tree rings play a very important role in global climate change study. The long tree-ring chronology is considered as one of the most important information sources to study the climatic change in the past several thousands years. In recent years, the tree-ring researches in China have made great progress, and the temperature and precipita- tion in some areas were reconstructed[1-20] which on- tributed to the global change studies in China. Due to the…     

长江中下游岩带含铜岩体的Pb、Sr、Nd 同位素特征

长江中下游铜、铁、金、硫成矿带，以矽卡岩型铜矿和潜火山岩型铁矿的密集分布而举世瞩目，这些矿床的形成与燕山期岩浆岩密切相关，本课题研究含矿岩体同位素地球化学特征，含铜岩体是来自地幔流圈的碱性岩浆同化古老地壳物质同时结晶分异的产物。另外本文还讨论其物质来源和成因，铜铁矿床与侵入体的时空关系表明原始碱性玄武岩浆可能是成矿物质的主要携带者。     

Seasonal variability in mesopause region temperatures over Fort Collins, CO (41°N, 105°W) based on lidar observations, 1990 through 2007

Nearly 900 nocturnal temperature profiles (85–105 km) from the Colorado State University Na lidar at Fort Collins, CO (40.59N, 105.14W) from 1990 to 2007. After the removal of an episodic warming attributable to Mt. Pinatubo eruption, the time series is analyzed as the sum of the climatological mean, annual and semiannual oscillation, solar cycle effect and trends along with possible annual/semiannual modulation of the latter two. The direct seasonal variation is consistent with the concept of the two-level mesopause. The trends in summer and winter are comparable 90–96 km at −0.15±0.1 K/year. The summer trend turns positive above 96 km. The winter trend is negative with minimum of −0.3 K/year at 100 km but positive at 104 km. The negative trend values are a factor of five smaller than an earlier analysis of the early part of this data due to removal of an episodic event.     

A collaborative study on temperature diurnal tide in the midlatitude mesopause region (41°N, 105°W) with Na lidar and TIMED/SABER observations

The na lidar-observed temperature diurnal tidal perturbations, based on full-diurnal-cycle observations from 2002 to 2008, are compared with tidal wave measurements by the TIMED/SABER instrument to elucidate the nature of diurnal tidal-period perturbations observed locally. The diurnal amplitude and phase profiles deduced by the two instruments are in very good agreement most of the year. However, the lidar-observed diurnal amplitudes during winter months and early spring are considerably larger than SABER observations, leading to the existence of a significant amplitude maximum of 12 K near 90 km in February and a different seasonal structure of temperature diurnal amplitude from the two instruments. The lidar-observed diurnal phase shows propagating wave characteristics during equinoctial months, but exhibit “evanescent wave” behavior in winter months, whereas SABER diurnal tidal phase exhibits propagating diurnal tidal character all year long with small seasonal variation. This anomalous tidal characteristic from the lidar observations repeats almost every winter. The exact mechanism behind this tidal feature is not fully understood, therefore further investigation and more experimental observations are necessary.