中国古地磁学研究现状与展望

简述了中国古地磁学研究的若干进展，展望未来，应该全方位地发展中国的古地磁学．     

从玉门榆树沟北山基性超基性岩地质—地球物理特征探讨岩体含矿性

本文在甘肃省玉门市榆树沟北山基性、超基性岩地质、物探勘查的基础上,对勘查成果存在认识分歧进行探讨,并得到钻孔验证。主要包括榆树沟山及其附近地质构造环境,是大陆裂谷,还是蛇绿岩所在的洋壳海盆;基性、超基性岩成矿的专属性和系列性,是含铜镍矿及铂族(PGE)矿有关铁质超基性岩,还是含铬铁矿(化)超镁铁质蛇绿岩。高精度磁测和激电组合异常形成机制以及在岩体含矿性评价中的作用,激电异常高激化、中高阻是反映星点状、稀疏浸染状硫化物,还是基性、超基性岩中普遍存在的磁铁矿;CSAMT低阻带是超基性岩体底部岩浆熔离型铜、镍块状硫化矿反映,还是虚假异常"过渡区低谷"。     

40Ar‐39Ar Dating of the Mahuaping W‐Be deposit,Northwestern Yunnnan Province,China, and its Geological Significance

正Objective Located near the intersection of Yangtze craton,TibetSanjiang orogen and Songpan-Ganzi orogen of Northwest Yunnan Province,the Mahuaping deposit is a unique large-scale tungsten-beryllium-fluorite ore deposit ever discovered in this area.In recent years,many studies have been carried out in Sanjiang Tethyan metallogenic belt and     

一种CORS的高精度位置服务云平台建设方法

针对CORS系统服务能力无法满足行业及大众应用领域快速增长的高精度位置服务需求的问题,该文提出了一种基于CORS的高精度位置服务云平台建设方法,通过将数据解算服务器与业务处理服务器进行分离,采用虚拟网格用户形式生成用于高精度定位的改正数或虚拟观测值产品,有效解决了高并发服务请求以及涉密数据安全性问题,在服务高精度测量用户的同时,提供面向开发者的各级精度位置服务接口,满足海量级、多场景、易接入的大众应用领域高精度位置服务需求。详细介绍了云平台构架设计、关键技术及具体实施方案,依托本文研究成果,湖南省已成功建设了基于HNCORS的面向大众应用领域的高精度位置服务云平台——问北位置,以期为各省级CORS高精度位置服务云平台的建设提供参考。     

北斗二代双频数据质量分析

对北斗二代卫星的双频观测数据进行了质量分析,包括伪距多路径误差和信噪比两个方面。大量实测数据测试表明:北斗GEO、IGSO和MEO三类卫星的多路径误差逐渐增大,且B1频点小于B2频点,GPS与北斗MEO卫星的伪距多路径误差相差不大;另外,北斗三类卫星均表现出载波B2的信噪比略大于B1,而GPS卫星则表现出L1载波信噪比要大于L2。     

新书简介——《动物世界的先驱——中国第一个候选“金钉子”梅树村剖面实证记录及对比》

正唐烽,陈建书,任留东,高林志,华洪, 等. 著. 2021. 动物世界的先驱——中国第一个候选"金钉子"梅树村剖面实证记录及对比. 昆明: 云南科技出版社:1～498页。20世纪70 年代,云南晋宁梅树村震旦系—寒武系界线层型剖面的发现,彻底改变了据此划分寒武系和寒武系以前地层的标志,它在当时即闻名于全球地学界。它也是中国改革开放以后,第一个参加的国际地层划分对比合作计划(IGCP 项目)、参与国际竞争"金钉子"     

表生地球化学反应的尺度效应

表生环境中的地球化学反应速率具有显著的尺度效应.许多地球化学反应的野外观测速率比实验室观测速率要低2～5个数量级,给不同尺度的研究成果的对比和外推造成了极大困难.本文总结了地球化学反应速率随时间和空间尺度变化的影响因素,着重分析了地球化学反应速率的主控过程随尺度变化的现象,以及亚尺度的非均质性造成的尺度效应.最后介绍了几种尺度转换的研究方法.由于地球化学反应速率的尺度效应普遍存在,在对地球化学反应速率进行外推时需要了解它的局限性以及选取适当的外推方法.     

An Assessment of ENSO Stability in CAMS Climate System Model Simulations

We present an overview of the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO) stability simulation using the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences climate system model(CAMS-CSM). The ENSO stability was quantified based on the Bjerknes(BJ) stability index. Generally speaking, CAMS-CSM has the capacity of reasonably representing the BJ index and ENSO-related air–sea feedback processes. The major simulation biases exist in the underestimated thermodynamic damping and thermocline feedbacks. Further diagnostic analysis reveals that the underestimated thermodynamic feedback is due to the underestimation of the shortwave radiation feedback, which arises from the cold bias in mean sea surface temperature(SST) over central–eastern equatorial Pacific(CEEP). The underestimated thermocline feedback is attributed to the weakened mean upwelling and weakened wind–SST feedback(μ_a) in the model simulation compared to observation. We found that the weakened μ_a is also due to the cold mean SST over the CEEP.The study highlights the essential role of reasonably representing the climatological mean state in ENSO simulations.     

CAUSAL ANALYSIS AND NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE INSHORE INTENSIFICATION OF SUPER TYPHOON “HATO”

This paper comprehensively analyzes the characteristics and cause of the inshore intensification of super typhoon "Hato", the 13 th super typhoon in 2017. The aspects of typhoon structure, evolution of large-scale circulation and physical quantity field are analyzed using observation data from the Guangdong Automatic Station, Shenzhen Doppler Radar data, NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data, NCEP 0.25°×0.25° sea surface temperature(SST) data, etc.Additionally, in order to investigate the influence of SST change on the intensity of "Hato", the WRF model and ECMWF 0.125°×0.125° reanalysis data are combined to conduct 3 sensitivity tests on"Hato". The results show that the favorable conditions for inshore intensification of "Hato"included the strengthening and westward extension of the subtropical high, continuous increase of low level moisture transport, an anomalous warm SST area north of 20°N in the South China Sea, an extreme divergence value in the northern South China Sea exceeding 6 ×10-5 s-1, and vertical environmental wind shear between 1.1 m/s-4.8 m/s. The intensity of"Hato"was very sensitive to changes in SST. When the SST rose or dropped by 2℃, the minimum central pressure of the typhoon changed by about 13 hPa or 11 hPa,respectively. SST indirectly influenced the intensity of the typhoon through affecting latent heat transport and sensible heat transport.     

NUMERICAL PREDICTION OF AN EXTREME RAINSTORM OVER THE PEARL RIVER DELTA REGION ON 7 MAY 2017 BASED ON WRF-ENKF

An ensemble Kalman filter based on the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-EnKF) is used to explore the effectiveness of the assimilation of surface observation data in an extreme local rainstorm over the Pearl River Delta region on 7 May 2017. Before the occurrence of rainstorm, the signals of weather forecasts in this case are too weak to be predicted by numerical weather model, but the surface temperature over the urban area are high. The results of this study show that the wind field, temperature, and water vapor are obviously adjusted by assimilating surface data of 10-m wind, 2-m temperature, and 2-m water vapor mixing ratio at 2300 BST 6 May, especially below the height of 2 km. The southerly wind over the Pearl River Delta region is enhanced, and the convergence of wind over the northern Guangzhou city is also enhanced. Additionally, temperature, water vapor mixing ratio and pseudoequivalent potential temperature are obviously increased over the urban region, providing favorable conditions for the occurrence of heavy precipitation. After assimilation, the predictions of 12-h rainfall amount, temperature, and relative humidity are significantly improved, and the rainfall intensity and distribution in this case can be successfully reproduced. Moreover, sensitivity tests suggest that the assimilation of 2-m temperature is the key to predict this extreme rainfall and just assimilating data of surface wind or water vapor is not workable, implying that urban heat island effect may be an important factor in this extreme rainstorm.