大口径竖井式基岩水准标设计与施工

基岩标是地面变形监测、高程控制测量的重要基准设施,文章介绍大口径竖井式基岩标的设计原理与施工技术。     

地理空间信息网格高性能调度技术中应用程序调度模型的研究

地理空间信息网格调度技术,要比传统的高性能计算中的调度技术复杂,原因是如果将全部网格资源作为一个应用程序的调度和执行目标,必将导致通信延迟、成本昂贵、执行低效等。为此,综合考虑应用程序特性、机器特性等,研究设计了地理空间信息网格高性能调度技术中的应用程序调度模型,包括地理空间信息网格应用程序分析;资源特性分析;应用程序分解;性能预测;资源调度;机器选择;任务映射和任务调度;任务调度器和调度器管理等九个模块。以实现为不同的应用程序匹配不同的计算资源,提高计算资源的利用率和应用程序的执行效率。     

成像光谱仪影像的几种处理方法

针对成像光谱仪影像的专题分析,介绍了沿用常规遥感影像分析方法时的原理和新的算法,提出了影像融合方法的应用,说明了这些方法在学术思想上的归属,并简要介绍了各种方法的实验效果。     

硬质合金钎头胎体表面渗硼强化实验研究

对钎头胎体表面渗硼方法和工艺进行了实验研究,给出了有关工艺参数与方法。它对提高硬质合金钎头胎体表面和耐磨性,延长钎头的使用寿命具有积极的意义。     

地理国情信息支撑下的空间开发适宜性评价

作为主体功能区划的重要基础性工作,空间开发适宜性评价在协调解决城镇化进程中产生的空间开发失控和区域无序竞争等问题方面具有重要意义。本文利用地理国情成果数据、大比例尺基础测绘成果数据和行业专题资料及统计资料,结合GIS分析技术和层次分析方法,在构建适宜榆林市实际的空间开发适宜性评价体系的基础上,详细分析了榆林市空间开发的适宜性。结果表明,榆林市最适宜开发和较适宜开发的区域主要分布在榆林市的西北部地区,占榆林市总面积的18.4%;最不适宜开发和不适宜开发的地区主要分布在榆林市东南部地区,分别占榆林市总面积的39.86%和41.75%。究其原因,可能由于榆林市东南部多为山区、地势复杂,属于地质灾害频发地区,同时该地区人口数量大,导致人均可利用水资源较为匮乏,开发难度较大。     

DEM/DOM成果质量检查研究

结合厦门市1∶2000航测4D产品的生产实践过程,论述了大比例尺数字正射影像、数字高程模型的生产流程,根据4D成果数据各自的特点和它们之间存在的关联性,实现对DOM、DEM数据进行交互检查,从而提高DEM/DOM成果的质量。     

双线偏振双波段（X／Ka）主被动微波遥感系统的研制与初步试验

为拓展主波，动生波探测系统遥感降水云雨的功能，使系统的原理先进性能有进一步的体现，将一套主被动双波段（X／Ka)微波遥感系统研制升级为双线偏振双波段主被动微波遥感系统。对新系统及主要部件的工作原理，技术指标及研制改造方法作了介绍，还给出了一些初步的观测结果。     

甘孜-理塘金成矿带构造活动的磷灰石裂变径迹年代学制约

甘孜-理塘金矿带形成于三江特提斯巨型造山带中,是三江金矿床的典型代表,具有长期活动的特点,形成了复杂的构造系统。多期构造活动有助于区内深源分散金元素的活化、迁移和富集沉淀,为成矿提供了十分有利的条件。本文介绍了甘孜-理塘金矿带错阿、西冲农、嘎拉、雄龙西和曲开隆洼这5个典型矿区的矿床特征,各矿区共计获得的9个磷灰石裂变径迹年龄值,总体显示为92~88Ma,34~26Ma,17~15Ma和8.1Ma共4个年龄组。4个年龄组均较好的体现了不同地质时期的构造活动及其时限,不仅为该地区提供新的年代学数据,也为该地区的构造演化提供了新证据。通过定量计算,得到本区不同地段的隆升幅度和隆升速率。隆升幅度分为3个量级,即5405m,6023~6272m和6519~6576m。隆升速率变化于0.07~0.81mm/a之间,大致可以分为4个量级,即0.07mm/a,0.18~0.24mm/a,0.32~0.43mm/a和0.81mm/a。两者均具有不同的量级,显示本区差异隆升的特点。     

Continental subduction and exhumation of UHP rocks. Structural and geochronological insights from the Dabieshan (East China)

In the Dabieshan, the available models for exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) rocks are poorly constrained by structural data. A comprehensive structural and kinematic map and a general cross-section of the Dabieshan including its foreland fold belt and the Northern Dabieshan Domain (Foziling and Luzenguang groups) are presented here. South Dabieshan consists from bottom to top of stacked allochtons: (1) an amphibolite facies gneissic unit, devoid of UHP rocks, interpreted here as the relative autochton; (2) an UHP allochton; (3) a HP rock unit (Susong group) mostly retrogressed into greenschist facies micaschists; (4) a weakly metamorphosed Proterozoic slate and sandstone unit; and (5) an unmetamorphosed Cambrian to Early Triassic sedimentary sequence unconformably covered by Jurassic sandstone. All these units exhibit a polyphase ductile deformation characterized by (i) a NW–SE lineation with a top-to-the-NW shearing, and (ii) a southward refolding of early ductile fabrics.

The Central Dabieshan is a 100-km scale migmatitic dome. Newly discovered eclogite xenoliths in a Cretaceous granitoid dated at 102 Ma by the U–Pb method on titanite demonstrate that migmatization post-dates HP–UHP metamorphism. Ductile faults formed in the subsolidus state coeval to migmatization allow us to characterize the structural pattern of doming. Along the dome margins, migmatite is gneissified under post-solidus conditions and mylonitic–ultramylonitic fabrics commonly develop. The north and west boundaries of the Central Dabieshan metamorphics, i.e. the Xiaotian–Mozitan and Macheng faults, are ductile normal faults formed before Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. A Cretaceous reworking is recorded by synkinematic plutons.

North of the Xiaotian–Mozitan fault, the North Dabieshan Domain consists of metasediments and orthogneiss (Foziling and Luzenguang groups) metamorphosed under greenschist to amphibolite facies which never experienced UHP metamorphism. A rare N–S-trending lineation with top-to-the-south shearing is dated at 260 Ma by the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar method on muscovite. This early structure related to compressional tectonics is reworked by top-to-the-north extensional shear bands.

The main deformation of the Dabieshan consists of a NW–SE-stretching lineation which wraps around the migmatitic dome but exhibits a consistently top-to-the-NW sense of shear. The Central Dabieshan is interpreted as an extensional migmatitic dome bounded by an arched, top-to-the-NW, detachment fault. This structure may account for a part of the UHP rock exhumation. However, the abundance of amphibolite restites in the Central Dabieshan migmatites and the scarcity of eclogites (found only in a few places) argue for an early stage of exhumation and retrogression of UHP rocks before migmatization. This event is coeval to the N–S extensional structures described in the North Dabieshan Domain. Recent radiometric dates suggest that early exhumation and subsequent migmatization occurred in Triassic–Liassic times. The main foliation is deformed by north-verging recumbent folds coeval to the south-verging folds of the South Dabieshan Domain. An intense Cretaceous magmatism accounts for thermal resetting of most of the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dates.

A lithosphere-scale exhumation model, involving continental subduction, synconvergence extension with inversion of southward thrusts into NW-ward normal faults and crustal melting is presented.     

2003-2016年北极净初级生产力时空变化

The area of Arctic sea ice has dramatically decreased, and the length of the open water season has increased;these patterns have been observed by satellite remote sensing since the 1970 s. In this paper, we calculate the net primary productivity(NPP, calculated by carbon) from 2003 to 2016 based on sea ice concentration products,chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration, photosynthetically active radiation(PAR), sea surface temperature(SST), and sunshine duration data. We then analyse the spatiotemporal changes in the Chl a concentration and NPP and further investigate the relations among NPP, the open water area, and the length of the open water season. The results indicate that(1) the Chl a concentration increased by 0.025 mg/m~3 per year;(2) the NPP increased by 4.29 mg/(m~2·d) per year, reaching a maximum of 525.74 mg/(m~2·d) in 2016; and(3) the Arctic open water area increased by 57.23×10~3 km~2/a, with a growth rate of 1.53 d/a for the length of the open water season. The annual NPP was significantly positively related to the open water area, the length of the open water season and the SST.The daily NPP was also found to have a lag correlation with the open water area, with a lag time of two months.With global warming, NPP has maintained an increasing trend, with the most significant increase occurring in the Kara Sea. In summary, this study provides a macroscopic understanding of the distribution of phytoplankton in the Arctic, which is valuable information for the evaluation and management of marine ecological environments.