生物胺对锯缘青蟹大颚器发育的调节作用

雌性锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata)于实验的第1天、第5天、第10天，分别注射100μL剂量为1μg／g体质量的5-HT，OA和DA，第15天解剖。结果表明，5-HT对锯缘青蟹大颚器发育具有显的促进作用，OA和DA的作用不明显。经免疫细胞化学检测，大颚器内存在5-HT免疫阳性细胞，免疫阳性细胞多数为卵圆形，少数具有很长的胞突，该结果首次为5-HT参与大颚器的生理活动提供了形态学证据。     

Geological Characteristics and Distribution of Submarine Physiographic Features in the Taiwan Region

The sea floor topography around Taiwan is characterized by the asymmetry of its shallow and flat shelves to the west and markedly deep troughs and basins to the south and east. Tectonics and sedimentation are major controls in forming the submarine physiographic features around Taiwan. Three Pliocene-Quaternary shelves are distributed north and west of Taiwan: East China Sea Shelf (passive margin shelf), the Taiwan Strait Shelf (foreland shelf), and Kaoping Shelf (island shelf) from north to south parallel to the strike of Taiwan orogen. Off northeastern Taiwan major morpho/tectonic features associated with plate subduction include E-W trending Ryukyu Trench, Yaeyama accretionary wedge, forearc basins, the Ryukyu Arcs, and the backarc basin of southern Okinawa Trough. Off eastern Taiwan lies the deep Huatung Basin on the Philippine Sea plate with a relatively flat floor, although several large submarine canyons are eroding and crossing the basin floor. Off southeastern Taiwan, the forearc region of the Luzon Arc has been deformed into five alternating N-S trending ridges and troughs during initial arc-continent collision. Among them, the submarine Hengchun Ridge is the seaward continuation of the Hengchun peninsula in southern Taiwan. Off southwestern Taiwan, the broad Kaoping Slope is the major submarine topographic feature with several noticeable submarine canyons. The Penghu Canyon separates this slope from the South China Sea Slope to the west and merges southwards into the Manila Trench in the northern South China Sea. Although most of sea floors of the Taiwan Strait are shallower than 60 m in water depth, there are three noticeable bathymetric lows and two highs in the Taiwan Strait. There exists a close relationship between hydrography and topography in the Taiwan Strait. The circulation of currents in the Taiwan Strait is strongly influenced by seasonal monsoon and semidiurnal tides. The Penghu Channel-Yunchang Ridge can be considered a modern tidal depositional system. The Taiwan Strait shelf has two phases of development. The early phase of the rift margin has developed during Paleoocene-Miocene and it has evolved to the foreland basin in Pliocene-Quaternary time. The present shelf morphology results mainly from combined effects of foreland subsidence and modern sedimentation overprinting that of the Late Pleistocene glaciation about 15,000 years ago.     

Hydroacoustic Field of a Point Source in an Inhomogeneous Marine Medium Containing a Cylindrical Body Floating on the Surface

We study the problem of determination of the sound field of a point harmonic source in the coastal zone and the influence of a cylindrical body floating above the source on the sound field formed in the marine medium. A numerical-analytic method is proposed for the determination of the velocity potential. According to this method, the unknown coefficients in the general solution of the problem are determined from the corresponding infinite system of linear algebraic equations by the method of reduction. We present results of numerical calculations for a special case of a waveguide whose parameters are typical of the coastal part of the sea and perform the comparative analysis of the data obtained as a result of variation of the indicated parameters.     

低硼氢氧化镁的制备及热分解动力学参数

本文以水合氯化镁、工业氨水为原料制备出了低硼含量的纯度 >99%的氢氧化镁和氧化镁。利用差热 -热重 (DTA- TG)、X-射线衍射 (XRD)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)等手段 ,对氢氧化镁的热稳定性、相结构、表观状态以及脱水动力学参数进行了分析。结果为 :氢氧化镁以束状纤维和片状粉末共存 ,在 6 2 3K基本完成脱水反应生成氧化镁 ,其脱水反应的表观活化能 E为135 .4 k J· mol-1,指前因子 A为 5 .15× 10 10 ,反应级数 n为 1.10     

Invertebrates in the trophic webs of the white sea near-shore ecosystem (using the example of Gryaznaya Inlet)

In the food clods of the mass species of macrobenthos of the Gryaznaya Inlet, nonstructured matter plays a great role. We identify this matter as derivates from plant tissues, which are the products of their external metabolism and degradation, with associated microorganisms. This way, the near-shore community considered is supported by a detrital trophic web. This feature distinguishes it from the similar community of the near-Atlantic waters that is based on a pasture web, at least as far as the bivalve mass species are concerned. The groups of the near-shore species of Gryaznaya Inlet separated by a cluster analysis are identified as consortia, combined by the biogeochemical conditions (edifice factor), which can hardly be analyzed at present.     

Mathematical modeling of turbulent jets of deep-water sewage discharge into coastal basins

The basic properties of the dynamic model of a turbulent jet formed by a deep-water sewage discharge into the stratified environment of coastal regions are considered. The model developed was used to estimate the parameters of a floating-up jet of deep wastewater discharge from Sand Island into the basin of Mamala Bay (Hawaii) depending on the season and discharge operation mode. The estimates of the float-up depths of the jet and the initial dilution of the jet were estimated on the basis of model calculations using experimental data on the vertical profiles of the water temperature and salinity under the actual conditions of stratification in the study region. It is shown that the further propagation of the wastewater jet depends on tidal events and internal waves generated by tides. The appearance of turbulent jets at the sea surface was recorded. The model estimates of the parameters of the wastewater discharge were compared with the results of experimental measurements. Good agreement was found, which indicates that the physical mechanisms of the propagation of turbulent jets in a stratified medium are adequately described by the model.     

化学生态调控对鳌山湾氮磷营养盐的影响

鳌山湾,是一个营养类型特殊的海湾,湾中基本无径流输入,呈“C”字形,封闭性较强,水较浅,湾内主要有筏式扇贝养殖和底播贝类养殖,沿岸有滩涂池塘养殖.根据1996年11月至1998年5月的调查结果得知,鳌山湾海域为贫营养海域[1,2].为探讨贫营养海域进行化学生态调控的可能性,利用鳌山湾的封闭性,根据其水交换规律[3],于1999年6月首次对鳌山湾进行了全湾规模较大的化学生态调控试验,旨在有效提高鳌山湾的营养水平,为今后在贫营养海域合理发展海水养殖业提供科学依据,获得了十分理想的效果.     

船舶机舱自动集中监测报警系统结构与功能分析

船舶机舱集中监测与报警系统目前已在船舶设计制造中得以广泛应用。对其组成、工作流程及功能进行了较为系统的阐述 ,为船舶使用者提供借鉴     

A Unified Variational Principle of Fluid Mechanics and Application on Solitary Subdomain or Point

-According to basic equations of fluid mechanics, this paper presents a unified variational principle of fluid mechanics (UVPFM) by using the optimization method of weighted residuals (OMWR). The advantages are as follows, the establishment of the functional and the variational principle is easy, it can change various problems of fluid mechanics derived by basic equations into a unified optimization problem, and the solution is the optimum one in some sense. According to the OMWR for the solitary subdomain, this paper uses UVPFM onto any solitary subdomain and gives the solution of the hydrodynamics equation which is suitable only for that solitary subdomain. According to the OMWR for solitary point, this paper uses UVPFM to any solitary point and gives the solution of the hydrodynamics equation (point solution) which is suitable only for that solitary point. As the solution for the solitary subdomain or solitary point is developed independently, the compatibility with other subdomain or other points, do     

黄海、渤海大陆架的浅地层剖面仪测量与浅地层结构的研究

自本世纪60年代以来,浅地层剖面仪测量技术在世界各大陆架海都得到了广泛的应用,专家们取得了大量实际资料,并发表了多篇调査报告和研究成果(赵松龄,1991;秦蕴珊、赵松龄,1991;赵松龄、于洪军,1993),为查明世界各大陆架海的形成过程、地层结构、环境变迁、海面变化、岸线变迁、河道跟踪、以及地貌类型的划分等提供了新的信息,推动了世界大陆架地质学的发展。在应用浅地层剖面仪测量技术所取得的多种成果中,最为突出的研究,莫过于在世界上的若干大陆架区发现了古河道及其沉积,通过古河道的追踪又可以了解大陆架环境的变迁和海面变化的过程。所以,这项大陆架勘察技术问世以来,一直是大陆架地质勘察中不可缺少的手段之一。 我国大约在70年代初期开始研制浅地层剖面仪,并制成了第一批产品,进人80年代以来,又逐渐引进了国外的新产品用于中国大陆架的勘察。近年来中国科学院海洋研究所利用这种勘察仪器,在南黄海和渤海海域已经获得了数千公里的测量记录。浅地层剖面仪测量资料中大量信息的提取是运用这项技术的关键。本文根据作者所获得的测量资料,对晚更新世末期以来的浅地层结构及古环境进行了探讨。