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991.
992.
Six meteorites have been found in Castro County, Texas and named after the town of Nazareth, but each of the four classified specimens has been given two different full names. To clarify this, we have classified the other two specimens and helped to establish approved names for all six specimens. The classes and names of the six specimens, which probably come from six separate falls, are as follows: Nazareth (a), L6; Nazareth (b), L6; Nazareth (c), H5; Nazareth (d), H5; Nazareth (e), H6; Nazareth (iron), IIIA. 相似文献
993.
994.
Empirical equations to predict the sulfur content of mafic magmas at sulfide saturation and applications to magmatic sulfide deposits 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Empirical equations to predict the sulfur content of a mafic magma at the time of sulfide saturation have been developed based
on several sets of published experimental data. The S content at sulfide saturation (SCSS) can be expressed as:
where T is in degrees Kelvin, X is mole fraction and P is in kbar. The squared multiple correlation coefficient (r
2) for the equation is 0.88. Application of the equation to data from sulfide-saturated mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) samples
show that the SCSS is closely predicted for primitive MORBs, but that accuracy decreases for lower T (<1,130°C) and more evolved MORB samples. This suggests that because the calibrations are based on anhydrous experimental
runs done at temperatures of 1,200°C and above, it is not possible to extrapolate them to significantly lower temperatures
and hydrous conditions. Because the SCSS of a primitive MORB magma increases with decreasing P, sulfide saturation in MORB appears to be a function of the degree of en route assimilation of S from country rocks as well
as the degree of fractional crystallization in shallow staging chambers. Application of the equation to the high-T
impact melt sheet that produced the Sudbury Igneous Complex and associated Ni–Cu sulfide ores indicates that sulfide-saturation
was reached at ~1,500°C, well above the start of orthopyroxene crystallization at ~1,190°C. This would permit ample time for
the gravitational settling and collection of immiscible sulfide liquid that produced the high-grade ore bodies. The development
of a platinum group element (PGE)-enriched layer in the Sonju Lake Intrusion of the Duluth Complex is thought to be due to
the attainment of sulfide saturation in the magma after a period of fractional crystallization. Using the composition of the
parent magma of the Sonju Lake Intrusion the presented equation indicates that sulfide saturation would have been reached
at ~60% crystallization, when iron oxide was a liquidus mineral; the prediction is in agreement with field evidence which
indicates that PGE-enrichment occurs in the oxide-rich gabbro zone. Contamination and mixing processes that may be related
to the attainment of sulfide saturation in mafic magmas can also be evaluated. Mixing of a siliceous melt and a liquid of
olivine tholeiite composition, similar to that thought to be a reasonable parental composition for many Duluth Complex intrusions,
can induce sulfide saturation at mixing ratios in excess of ~0.1. If the contaminant contains low quantities of sulfur the
mixing ratio required to promote saturation is reduced. Mixing of mafic magmas at various stages of fractionation is evaluated
using magma compositions that are thought to be appropriate for the generation of the Merensky Reef in the Bushveld Complex.
Magma mixing is shown to be an effective process for the attainment of sulfide saturation, depending strongly on the sulfur
concentrations of the end-member magmas. 相似文献
995.
996.
997.
A line to continuum ratio of the green line equal to 2.1 Å was measured above the West limb at the height p = 1.75 solar radii during the eclipse. The lower limit to the abundance of iron relative to hydrogen obtained from these measurements is 4 × 10–5. 相似文献
998.
A new technique for displaying magnetograph observations is presented and applied to the 12-channel magnetograph at Kitt Peak National Observatory. Using the data from a raster scan, a digital spectroheliogram is constructed on the face of a cathode ray tube and photographed. This enables one to recognize patterns in magnetograph data as easily as with conventional photographs. Comparisons with simultaneous spectroheliograms show no qualitative differences and indicate that the magnetograph is quite capable of studying morphology of individual solar features.Kitt Peak National Observatory Contribution No. 499.Operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation. 相似文献
999.
Spectrophotometry of Venus from 2170 to about 1950 Å has been obtained by OAO-2 at 10 Å resolution. The new data confirm and extend previous indications that the geometric albedo decreases continuously below 2500 Å. Secular changes in either the amount or distribution, or both, of absorbing constituents in the upper atmosphere are strongly suggested. A narrow absorption feature is found near 2145 Å, confirming an earlier report by Anderson et al. [J. Atmos. Sci.26 (1969), 874–888]. Absorption by trace amounts of nitrogen-bearing molecules, including N2O, HNO3 in aqeous solution, and possibly also NO, together with Rayleigh scattering from CO2, can account for the variation in albedo below 3200 Å, but other explanations are not excluded. For example, H2S may contribute to or be responsible for the decrease in albedo below 2500 Å. 相似文献
1000.
Timothy J. McCoy Klaus Keil Edward R. D. Scott Henning Haack 《Meteoritics & planetary science》1993,28(4):552-560
Abstract— Our studies of the silicate-bearing inclusions in the IIICD iron meteorites Maltahöhe, Carlton and Dayton suggest that their mineralogy and mineral compositions are related to the composition of the metal in the host meteorites. An inclusion in the low-Ni Maltahöhe is similar in mineralogy to those in IAB irons, which contain olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, graphite and troilite. With increasing Ni concentration of the metal, silicate inclusions become poorer in graphite, richer in phosphates, and the phosphate and silicate assemblages become more complex. Dayton contains pyroxene, plagioclase, SiO2, brianite, panethite and whitlockite, without graphite. In addition, mafic silicates become more FeO-rich with increasing Ni concentration of the hosts. In contrast, silicates in IAB irons show no such correlation with host Ni concentration, nor do they have the complex mineral assemblages of Dayton. These trends in inclusion composition and mineralogy in IIICD iron meteorites have been established by reactions between the S-rich metallic magma and the silicates, but the physical setting is uncertain. Of the two processes invoked by other authors to account for groups IAB and IIICD, fractional crystallization of S-rich cores and impact generation of melt pools, we prefer core crystallization. However, the absence of relationships between silicate inclusion mineralogy and metal compositions among IAB irons analogous to those that we have discovered in IIICD irons suggests that the IAB and IIICD cores/metallic magmas evolved in rather different ways. We suggest that the solidification of the IIICD core may have been very complex, involving fractional crystallization, nucleation effects and, possibly, liquid immiscibility. 相似文献