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“中国天然氧吧”品牌效益评估指标体系构建与应用——以江西省乐安县为例

开展“中国天然氧吧”品牌效益评估,对推动生态产品价值转换具有重要意义。运用层次分析法从生态效益、经济效益、社会效益三个方面构建了“中国天然氧吧”品牌效益评估指标体系,并细化为23个具体指标。结合模糊综合评价法,以江西省乐安县为例进行实际应用检验。结果表明：1）此效益评估体系和评估方法具有科学性和合理性,评价结果可以为政府部门合理开发旅游气候资源、推动“中国天然氧吧”品牌可持续发展提供借鉴。2）乐安县“中国天然氧吧”品牌综合效益属“良好”等级。3）针对低评分指标,提出当地政府需要加强生态环境保护规划、生态旅游开发力度和品牌宣传推广等建议。     

材料强度理论新探

本文依据弹塑性变形相关关系,对材料的强度理论进行探讨,提出了一种新的强度理论,该理论和试验结果吻合良好。     

Analysis of the spectrum of the coronal condensation of the total eclipse of 1983 June 11

We analyzed the spectrum of a coronal condensation observed during the total eclipse of 1983 June 11. Under the assumption of rotational symmetry we found the distributions of the electron density and the temperature. The electron density was higher in the centre of the condensation than on the edge. From different line pairs the maximum electron density was found to be between 1.7 3.5×10⁹cm⁻³ while the temperature was found to be basically uniform at 1.7 2.7×10⁶K. The turbulence velocity was 15 35km/s. The systematic flow of the condensation region with respect to the quiet corona was not more than 15km/s. Discussion of the instrumental profile showed that its effect was small on lines that were much wider than the profile.     

HaleBopp彗星的爆发活动

９９６ 年９ 月至１１ 月间,对ＨａｌｅＢｏｐｐ 彗星进行了照相和光电观测．给出观测结果,包括几次爆发和可能的爆发活动     

Unusual spectral absorption observed in the 16 August 1989 limb flare

A relative complete set of He I 10830 Å profiles and their coincident slit-jaw Hα images of the large limb flare (2N/X20) of 16 August 1989 were observed by the solar spectrograph at Purple Mountain Observatory. In addition to the unusually broadened spectral profiles observed in the impulsive phase, more than half of the observed He I 10830 Å profiles are characterized by central reversals, which were detected not only in the impulsive phase but also in the late decaying phase. The central-reversed profiles may exist at different heights, ranging from the solar limb to (3–4) × 10⁴ km above. The absorption varies with time and position, with a typical lifetime and size of several minutes and 5–6 arc sec, respectively. Depths of the absorption profiles also change clearly. The absorptions are usually deeper at the loop footpoint near the solar limb and shallower at loop-top. However, the most unusual feature is that all the line-center wavelengths of them show no shift relative to that of the quiet chromosphere near the limb, implying the apparent velocities are zero while the associated emission profiles have different apparent velocities. Theoretical simulations demonstrate that the Doppler widths of the absorptions are in the range of (0.35–0.5)Å and increase with height, and the source functions are (0.11–0.3) times the disk center intensity. However, the absorptions have a relative large range of optical thickness (0.1–1.3) in the I ₃ component of the He I 10830 Å triplet. We have not observed such absorption in other limb flares, including the SB/X2.9 flare of 17 August 1989 that occurred in the same active region as the studied one (NOAA 5629). Our studies show that the absorption could not result from he scattering by the telluric atmosphere or from normal chromospheric absorption. This unique phenomenon may be related to extra intense X-ray flux and caused by diffuse and non uniform materials dissociated from the flare instead of self-absorption of the flare.     

Observational Study of a Peculiar Solar Limb Event Occurred on 11 January 2002

On 11 January 2002, using the Multi-channel Infrared Solar Spectrograph (MISS) at the Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO), we obtained Hα, Ca ii 8542 Å and He i 10?830 Å spectra and slit-jaw Hα images of a peculiar solar limb event. A close resemblance of its intensity to that of a small flare and the GOES X-ray flux indicates that it was an active prominence. However, its morphological evolution and velocity variation were different from general typical active prominences, such as limb flares, post-flare loops, surges and sprays. It started with the ejection of material from the flare site. In the early phase, the ejecta was as bright as a limb flare and kept rising until reaching the height of (8????10)×10⁴ km at an almost constant velocity of 91.7 km? s ^?1 with its lower part always connected to the solar surface. EUV images in 195 Å show similar structure as in the Hα line, indicating the coexistence of plasmas with temperatures differing by more than two orders of magnitude. Later some material started to fall back to another bright area on the solar surface. The falling material did not show the collimated structure of surges or the arc structure of flaring arches. A red-shift velocity of more than 200 km? s ^?1 was detected in a bright point close to the outer edge of the closed loop system formed later, which dispersed in a few minutes and became a part of the newly formed large loop. The ejected material did not leave the sun, indicating that the magnetic reconnection was not sufficient to remove the overlying field lines during the process. The spectral line profiles showed large widths and variable velocities, and therefore the line-pair method is not applicable to this event for the estimation of physical parameters.     

Radio spectra of synchrotron sources with spherical symmetry

This paper deals with the radio spectra of synchrotron sources with spherically symmetric non-homogeneities. It is pointed out that the Type-c spectra can be produced by such a non-homogeneity even if the source is optically thin. This model is particularly advantageous in interpreting sources with no compact characteristics and yet showing a Type-c spectrum, and the observed decrease in source size with increasing frequency. In addition, it is possible to give a uniform interpretation of the four spectral types on the basis of such a non-homogeneity.     

测角观测误差在初轨确定中的传布

本文用非线性规划方法探讨了初轨确定问题。测角观测误差看作为参数的微摄动,而非线性规划的灵敏性分析模型（ｆｈｐ） 建立在无摄动的情况下。由此,得出了在一阶近似下轨道根数计算值和测角观测误差值间关系的分析表达式。     

Deposition Process of Dust Microparticles from Aerosol to Snow-Firn Pack on Glacier No. 1 in Eastern Tianshan Mountains, China

Samples were continuously collected from aerosol, fresh snow, and snow pits on Glacier No. 1 at Urumqi River source in eastern Tianshan (天山) Mountains. The deposition processes and the characteristics of mineral dust microparticles from aerosol to fresh snow, and then evolution to the snow pit were determined. Total dust microparticle concentration in the surface snow and aerosol showed a similar temporal variation trend, which was strongly associated with regional and local at-mospheric circulation in the ...