塔克拉玛干沙漠克里雅河流域石英砂粒表面结构特征

本文以克里雅河流域石英砂粒表面微结构的电镜观察分析结果, 推断塔克拉玛干沙漠的沙物质来源为沙漠研究提供微观依据。     

山东烟台金斗山—安吉村韧性剪切带矿物学表现及其与金矿化关系

位于山东烟台的金斗山金矿与金斗山-安吉村韧性剪切带的活动密切相关，通过对宏观及微观的矿物学表现的精细研究，在确定金斗山-安吉村韧性剪切带存在的同时，讨论了在韧性剪切带活动期间，矿物间的相互转变和元素的迁移变化，如黑云母转化为绢云母和石英，释放Mg,Fe等元素，钠长石，钙长石转化为绢云母和石英，释放Na,Ca等元素，直接（元素）和间接（矿物）地证明了金斗山-安吉村韧性剪切带所卷入地层是金斗山金矿形成的物质提供者。     

澳大利亚北领地温盖特(Wingates)金矿床地质特征及找矿潜力

澳大利亚温盖特金矿位于北澳克拉通,是湖南省有色地质勘查局成功"走出去"的第一站。本文通过研究该矿床的大地构造背景、矿物学、岩石学、热液蚀变、地球化学等特征,发现温盖特金矿具有热泉型金矿的典型特征:矿床产于张性的大地构造背景下,成矿深度浅且与火山岩浆热液活动关系密切,赋矿围岩为火山岩,矿石为网脉-细脉状,地表有泉华和爆破角砾岩发育,青磐岩化带、绢云母化-泥化带、硅化带的热液蚀变分带明显,具有汞-锑-砷、铅-锌-铜的微量元素组合。目前已经揭露的金矿体和金矿点表明本区深部具有较好的找矿前景。通过与热泉型金矿成矿模式从平面和剖面上进行对比,指出了温盖特金矿的找矿靶区为8~23线之间的贫矿带深部区域。     

基于路网形态的上海住宿业空间布局特征

采用中心性模型、空间自相关理论、核密度法等,从城市路网形态角度分析上海市住宿业的空间格局特征及其与路网结构的空间响应关系。结果发现,上海市住宿业分布具有空间集聚性、类型分异性和距离衰减性,集聚核心与路网节点密度核心一致,主要围绕中心城区形成一级集聚核,星级酒店集聚分布在中心城区,经济型酒店和旅馆在一级集聚核外形成多个散状集聚核心,旅馆集聚依附性较为明显,民宿集聚度最高。不同类型的住宿设施分布存在较显著的空间相关性,对路网依赖性具有多元性,受路网影响的程度不同,道路连接值较高的区域交通可达性较好,住宿设施密度也相应较高。经济型酒店受到城市路网相对可达性和直线型交通效率的依赖最大,旅馆和民宿对于路网节点间通达性的依赖相对较大。住宿业发展要在产品偏好设计的前提下兼顾城市路网结构和消费需求进行合理选址,以实现综合效益最大化。     

BSN矿山微震监测技术及其应用

深井高应力、高岩压诱发的冒顶、片帮、塌方、岩爆等地压灾害严重影响了矿山安全生产.随着高精度、高采样率传感器的研发和计算机技术的飞速发展,微震高精度实时监测技术不断完善,微震监测已成为矿山地压灾害监测预警的重要手段.通过设计、研发完全自主知识产权的BSN(BGRIMM Seismic Network)微震监测系统,实现了...     

新疆卡姆斯特煤田早-中侏罗世含煤岩系层序-古地理与聚煤规律研究

基于新疆卡姆斯特煤田侏罗系中下统层序地层的分析,研究了聚煤期古地理及其与聚煤作用的关系。结果表明:层序Ⅰ-Ⅱ(八道湾组)受乌伦古深断裂及次一级断层等同沉积断裂的控制,自东向西,地层、煤层逐渐增厚,煤层主要形成于辫状河三角洲平原,在卡姆斯特1-10区、普北矿区及卡姆斯特中区形成5~10m的富煤带;层序Ⅲ(三工河组)形成于乌伦古凹陷湖泊大规模扩张期,是从冲积-三角洲平原环境为主向湖泊环境为主的重要转折期形成的沉积层序,一般不含煤;层序Ⅳ-Ⅴ(西山窑组)受沉积环境与湖平面变化的控制,煤层形成于湖泊三角洲平原,受燕山构造运动强烈的改造,在中东部地区西山窑地层遭受剥蚀。     

Influence of particle size on the buffering efficiency of soil cushion layer against rockfall impact

Natural Hazards - Soil cushion layers are commonly paved in front of protection structures to avoid the direct impact of rockfall and debris flow. This study is devoted to investigating the...     

舟山海域春季海雾发生规律和成因分析

分析了1990－1999年春季发生在舟山海域海雾的气候特征、环流背景及成因，归纳出春季海雾形成前的3种天气形势：倒槽前部型、高压底部型、入海高压后部型。在对海雾生成时的要素特征进行分析的基础上，得出了春季海雾发生的一般规律，为海洋预报和服务提供一定的参考依据。     

试论矿井水灾害的预测及预防

矿井水灾害给矿山造成生命,财产的巨大损失,可据矿山积累的矿井水动态观测资料,采用数学方法预测降雨量或地表水流量超过正常值的未来年份,对可能发生的矿井水灾害进行预报,及早采取预防措施,并以恩口煤矿为例,预测1995年6月或1996年6月可能发生灾变。     

Numerical simulation of flow processes in liquefied soils using a soil–water-coupled smoothed particle hydrodynamics method

Liquefaction can result in the damage or collapse of structures during an earthquake and can therefore be a great threat to life and property. Many site investigations of liquefaction disasters are needed to study the large-scale deformation and flow mechanisms of liquefied soils that can be used for performance assessments and infrastructure improvement. To overcome the disadvantages of traditional flow analysis methods for liquefied soils, a soil–water-coupled smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) modeling method was developed to analyze flow in liquefied soils. In the proposed SPH method, water and soil were simulated as different layers, while permeability, porosity, and interaction forces could be combined to model water-saturated porous media. A simple shear test was simulated using the SPH method with an elastic model to verify its application to solid phase materials. Subsequently, the applicability of the proposed SPH modeling method to the simulation of interaction forces between water and soil was verified by a falling-head permeability test. The coupled SPH method produced good simulations for both the simple shear and falling-head permeability tests. Using a fit-for-purpose experimental apparatus, a physical flow model test of liquefied sand has been designed and conducted. To complement the physical test, a numerical simulation has been undertaken based on the soil–water-coupled SPH method. The numerical results correspond well with the physical model test results in observed configurations and velocity vectors. An embankment failure in northern Sweden was selected so that the application of the soil–water-coupled SPH method could be extended to an actual example of liquefaction. The coupled SPH method simulated the embankment failure with the site investigation well. They have also estimated horizontal displacements and velocities, which can be used to greatly improve the seismic safety of structures.