四川庙子毒重石-钡解石-钡白云石型钡矿床的成因

庙子钡矿床是属于海底喷流热水沉积型毒重石 -钡解石 -钡白云石矿床。典型的海底喷流岩组合为毒重石岩 硅岩 硅质板岩 碳质板岩 灰岩 ,典型的海底喷流岩构造有角砾状、网脉状、气孔状、块状、层纹状、条带状等。钡矿石的主要组分为毒重石、钡解石、钡白云石。矿石的形成还与成岩早期有机质、细菌活动有着密切的关系。含矿岩系的岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征表明硅岩、毒重石岩是在低能、缺氧、强还原条件下海底喷流热水沉积形成。钡矿形成环境为早寒武世麦地坪期扬子地台北部的陆棚边缘滞留盆地     

金厂峪金矿床成因——动力变质作用成矿

金厂峪金矿虽有几百年的开采史,但其成因尚未进行过较深入的研究。前人曾根据矿床地质特征,用类比法,先后得出两种成因假说:“燕山期岩浆期后中温热液成矿”和“区域变质～混合岩化成矿”。一九七八年,在全国科学大会关于加强基础理论研究的精神的号召下,我们提出这一研究课题,补作了一些必要的工作量,经二年来的室内     

影响震后城市重建选址的社会因素的研究

综述了震后城市重建选址的研究，对３种选址方式及其影响因素进行了讨论了，指出了人文因素对选址方有很强的影响。结论指出：在震前做好重建早是提高减灾效率的关键。     

Delineation of three-dimensional well capture zones for complex multi-aquifer systems

The delineation of well capture zones is a basic component of ground water protection. The conventional methodology for capture zone delineation is backward advective particle tracking, often applied under the assumption of a two-dimensional aquifer. The suitability of the conventional approach for complex heterogeneous multi-aquifer systems was investigated, using the Waterloo Moraine aquifer system as an example. It was found that the conventional approach produces irregular particle tracks that require judgment to interpret in a meaningful way, and it can raise questions that may affect the credibility of the capture zone delineation. As an alternative, the potentially powerful but little-used backward-in-time advective-dispersive transport approach was investigated. A key advantage of this approach is its capability to represent local heterogeneities through the dispersion term. The dispersion process has a natural smoothing effect that results in unambiguous capture zones without the need for interpretation, thus enhancing credibility. The question of capture zone validation is also addressed. The meaning of a three-dimensional capture zone is considered, and it is shown that a fully three-dimensional representation of the system is crucial for valid results. The distinction between the maximum extent capture zone and the surface capture zone is also explained. In the case of complex heterogeneous systems, advective particle tracking can be used as an initial screening tool, whereas the more realistic backward-transport modeling approach can be used for final capture-zone delineation.     

Economics of transboundary aquifer management

This paper presents a general model of optimal water management for a transboundary aquifer under three different management approaches: cooperative, noncooperative, and myopic. Comparing the results from the approaches, we find the cooperative solution, where a single management plan is executed for all parts of the aquifer, results in the highest level of net social welfare, followed by the noncooperative and then the myopic. The trade-offs we find for the higher levels of welfare are lower use levels in the earlier periods. We present a short discussion of factors that can increase the inefficiencies of the models and suggest directions for future research.     

震前地下水中硫化氢气体的短临前兆特征

本文以实际震例为依据,叙述了天山地震带中强地震前地下水中硫化氢气体的短临异常特征。以硫化氢气体为例,对地下气体的地震前兆机理进行了粗浅的讨论。指出中强地震前,硫化氢气体普遍出现短期异常变化,临震突变现象也比较清楚。硫化氢气体在短临异常阶段的特征具有动力过程(应力应变能的预释放)的突发性、气量增长的突变性和异常时间的短促性。文中还对前兆近场和前兆远场在不同孕震阶段中的受力状态和异常特征进行了分析。认为主破裂前的加速蠕滑和微破裂以及由此而产生的超声振动和低频形变波的传播是临震前地下水中硫化氢气、氡气和其他气体浓度普遍增高的主要原因。     

珠江斑鱯的早期胚胎发育观察

观察了珠江斑鳠3批次受精卵的胚胎发育,描述及记录了胚胎发育各期的形态特征及所需时间。斑鳠的成熟卵子呈圆形,黄色,卵子直径为3.1~3.8 mm,吸水后最大卵径为4.0~4.2 mm,受精卵黏性很小。珠江斑鳠胚胎发育与其他硬骨鱼类基本相似,属于盘状卵裂。在水温(27.5±0.5)℃时,受精后约1 h 10 min进入胚盘形成期,受精2 h 15 min后进入卵裂期,受精后7 h 50 min,进入囊胚期,再经约13 h 45 min进入原肠期,受精后21 h15 min,胚孔封闭,当受精39 h 5 min后,心脏开始出现搏动,受精后55 h,仔鱼开始孵出。