V6多功能系统及其在CSAMT勘查应用中的效果

地球物理多功能探测系统V6是中国科学院地质与地球物理所2000年底从加拿大凤凰公司引进的新仪器，它具有频点多（62频点系列），抗干扰能力强，发射功率大，A/D转换16位置及发射与接收信号GPS（Globe Position System)时钟同步等特点，能有效地提高纵向分辩率和测量信号的信噪比，为浅层精细勘探提供了保障。V6系统在牛栏山水源八厂标准剖面的试验，山东莱芜业庄矿突水勘查工作等充分证明，V6系统能较准确地确定目标的层深度，结合地质资料，可以提供含水性的判断。     

Applying the bootstrap technique for studying soil redistribution by caesium-137 measurements at basin scale

Abstract

The use of the bootstrap technique to estimate the reference level of¹³⁷ Cs in an uneroded site is tested. The analysis is developed using ¹³⁷Cs measurements made in a small experimental Sicilian basin. In the reference area the ¹³⁷Cs activity is normally distributed with a known sample mean value, m equal to 94.4 mBq cm^?2. The influence of¹³⁷ Cs reference site sampling was determined generating samples having a fixed size, N and six different values of the sample coefficient of variation, CV, by a Monte Carlo technique. Then, for each size N, the probability distribution of the mean μ of the sequences generated by Monte Carlo technique is defined. The soil redistribution is determined, both at morphological unit and basin scale, using the proportional method of Martz & de Jong for calculating the net soil loss. The analysis showed that the spatial distribution of the net soil loss E _i, and the basin value E _b are independent of the sample size, N, and the coefficient of variation, CV, of the samples drawn from the reference area, if the bootstrap technique is applied for estimating the mean μ(μ) to use as reference value. The soil redistribution is also examined using as reference value the quantiles μ2.5, μ25, μ75, μ97.5 corresponding to a frequency F(μ) equal to 2.5, 25, 75 and 97.5%, respectively. In conclusion, the analysis established that a robust estimate of the reference value can be obtained even in fields where a small number of samples was drawn (high CV of the ¹³⁷Cs activity of the field samples), using the bootstrap technique for generating sequences of reference values having known mean value m (the mean value of the ¹³⁷Cs activity of the drawn field samples) and large sample size (N = 50).     

火星表面亮温的时空变化特征分析

利用3个火星轨道器获取的热红外波段探测数据,分析了火星表面亮温在时间维上的年际和季节性变化规律,以及空间维上随地形和纬度的变化特征。研究结果表明:(1)5个火星年的表面亮温年际变化幅度均未超出轨道器热红外波段探测数据的精度范围。(2)火星南半球表面亮温的季节性变化幅度大,远日点时期表面亮温随季节的变化基本符合正弦规律且年际差异小,而近日点则有多处明显偏离正弦规律且年际差异较大;北半球表面亮温的季节性变化幅度远小于南半球,且季节特征不明显,受全球性尘暴影响而引起的夜间升温要大于夏季太阳辐射能增加引起的升温。(3)在同一时段,盆地、峡谷等低海拔地形的表面亮温较高,而山峰、高原、台地等高海拔地形的表面亮温一般较低;Olympus Mons地区的表面亮温与高程之间存在相关系数为–0.9072的负相关关系,线性拟合的结果表明该区域海拔每上升1 km,表面亮温下降约1.4 K。(4)表面亮温随纬度的变化总体上满足低纬度高于高纬度的规律,但受到地形等因素的影响,表面亮温最大值出现在偏离赤道的35°S位置,而赤道附近纬度的表面亮温最小值要小于临近稍高纬度位置的最小值;从赤道到两极同纬度表面亮温的差异逐渐减小。     

Neoproterozoic Tectonic Setting of Southeast China: New Constraints from SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Ages and Petrographic Studies on the Mamianshan Group

<正>Precambrian tectonic history of Zhejiang,Fujian,and Jiangxi provinces of south China is important for understanding the tectonic evolution of South China but its magmatic activity, petrogenesis,stratigraphic sequence of the Mamianshan Group is still strongly controversial.Here we present new sensitive high resolution ion micro-probe(SHRIMP) U-Pb zircon geochronological data for the Mamianshan Group and petrographical data to constrain the tectonic framework of the regions.Our results showed that the SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age of green schists of the Dongyan Formation is 796.5±9.3 Ma,the Daling Formation is 756.2±7.2 Ma,and mica-quartz schist of the Longbeixi Formation is 825.5±9.8 Ma.These data indicate that the Mamianshan Group was formed not in the Mesoproterozoic,but in the Neoproterozoic and its stratigraphic sequences should be composed of Longbeixi,Dongyan,and Daling Formations from the bottom to the top.Rocks from this Group, from Zhejiang,Fujian and Jiangxi provinces,constituted the upper basement of the Cathaysia Block that overlay the lower basement of the Mayuan Group.Detailed petrographic studies demonstrate that the amphibole schists of the Dongyan Formation in the Mamianshan Group were formed within an intra-arc rift setting rather than a continental rift as previously suggested.Rather,this island-arc type formation was developed by collision and/or subduction between various blocks resulting from the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia at c.850-750 Ma.The Zhuzhou conglomerate,distributed near Dikou Town,Jian'ou City,Fujian Province and previously considered as evidence of the Mesoproterozoic Dikou movement,is shown here not to be the basal conglomerate above the angular unconformity between the upper and lower basements.Our conclusions have important implications for understanding the Precambrian tectonics of South China.     

福建建瓯地区“竹洲砾岩”的厘定

对发育于福建建瓯市迪口镇竹洲村的"竹洲砾岩"的野外调查和室内研究表明,该砾岩既不是前震旦系马面山群龙北溪组的底部砾岩,也不是构造砾岩,而是相当于晚三叠世大坑组(T3d)层位的底砾岩,不整合沉积在前震旦系迪口组之上.这一发现对深化研究该地区前寒武纪地质构造演化历史具有重要意义.     

柱状节理岩体原位变形试验力学浅析与模拟

在白鹤滩坝址区柱状节理岩体原位变形试验成果的基础上,针对节理刚度的取值进行讨论,利用柔性中心孔试验值反算得到柱状节理岩体节理面刚度值。岩体变形是由岩块和节理两部分组成,分析含单节理岩体概念模型的单轴加、卸载规律性和其变形特性,发现其滞回特性是节理力学行为造成的;推导得到了岩体变形计算公式,可用于多组相交节理岩体等效弹性模量的计算,能够反映出节理岩体的各向异性特征;建立了柱状节理随机模型,采用离散元方法和反算的刚度值进行了仿真分析,得到等效变形参数在试验结果范围内。     

陕西省数字地震台网与模拟地震台网震级比较

对1998年1月至2001年12月之间,陕西省数字地震台网与模拟地震台网测定的地震震级作了比较,结果表明：数字台网与模拟台网的地震震级差别不大,省内地震的震级不存在系统偏差。