Mapping the permafrost stability on the Tibetan Plateau for 2005–2015

Data scarcity is a major obstacle for high-resolution mapping of permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau(TP).This study produces a new permafrost stability distribution map for the 2010 s(2005–2015)derived from the predicted mean annual ground temperature(MAGT)at a depth of zero annual amplitude(10–25 m)by integrating remotely sensed freezing degree-days and thawing degree-days,snow cover days,leaf area index,soil bulk density,high-accuracy soil moisture data,and in situ MAGT measurements from 237 boreholes on the TP by using an ensemble learning method that employs a support vector regression model based on distance-blocked resampled training data with 200 repetitions.Validation of the new permafrost map indicates that it is probably the most accurate of all currently available maps.This map shows that the total area of permafrost on the TP,excluding glaciers and lakes,is approximately 115.02(105.47–129.59)×10^4 km^2.The areas corresponding to the very stable,stable,semi-stable,transitional,and unstable types are 0.86×10^4,9.62×10^4,38.45×10^4,42.29×10^4,and 23.80×10^4 km^2,respectively.This new map is of fundamental importance for engineering planning and design,ecosystem management,and evaluation of the permafrost change in the future on the TP as a baseline.     

边界层辐合线在局地强风暴临近预警中的应用

利用济南CINRAD/SA雷达探测到的边界层辐合信息,结合地面实况和探空资料及NCEP资料,对近年发生在山东中部的典型局地强风暴的生成及对流参数进行了分析.结果表明:高时空分辨率的雷达能获得近地层辐合线信息,对流风暴强的出流和近地层环境风的辐合在一定条件下可产生窄带回波;远离风暴主体的出流边界和顺地面风移动的风速辐合线在热力条件较弱的情况下一般不会产生对流天气;出流边界的叠加或出流边界与环境风辐合线的叠加在有利的环境条件下可产生局地强风暴,单纯的近地层辐合线在有利的环境条件下可产生较为孤立的局地风暴,可作为强对流天气临近预警的关键参考依据;风暴初始位置、初始时间和风暴类型具有不确定性,是强对流天气临近预警的难点.     

秦岭石瓮山地药用植物资源分析

石瓮山区共有药用种子植物９９科,２０９属,２６２种．对２６２种药用植物分析基础上,制定了药用植物综合价值评价标准．提出了保护和利用建议．     

降雨对深井水位动态的影响

本文根据我国地震地下水动态观测网中降雨对深井水位动态影响状况的普查与在北京、福建汤坑与黑龙江尚志等三个典型地区的现场观测试验的结果,讨论了降雨对深井水位年动态影响的类型、特征与模型及其影响因素、机理等,并依此探讨了我国震例中与降雨有关的三种异常的判据与信度问题。     

基于GIS的山地城市建筑高度控制方法及其应用

将自然山体景观的维护作为山地城市建筑高度控制的目标,以研究区域的地表模型(不规则三角网,简称TIN)为基础数据,基于GIS 10.2技术平台,将瞭望点视野中的山脊线下降20%后的高度作为视线高度控制线计算研究区域内建筑高度控制值,以期为山地城市的控制性详细规划和城市设计中的建筑高度控制提供技术参考。最后,以河南省登封市新区为例,应用此方法来绘制该地区的建筑高度控制栅格图。通过设置像元分辨率的大小,本方法也可用于山地城市修建性详细规划中建筑设计方案的比较。     

Time-frequency response spectrum of rotational ground motion and its application

The rotational seismic motions are estimated from one station records of the 1999 Jiji (Chi-Chi), Taiwan, earthquake based on the theory of elastic plane wave propagation. The time-frequency response spectrum (TFRS) of the rota-tional motions is calculated and its characteristics are analyzed, then the TFRS is applied to analyze the damage mechanism of one twelve-storey frame concrete structure. The results show that one of the ground motion components can not reflect the characteristics of the seismic moti...     

Cyclic tests of post‐tensioned precast CFT segmental bridge columns with unbonded strands

Two ungrouted post‐tensioned, precast concrete‐filled tube (CFT) segmental bridge columns were tested under lateral cyclic loading to evaluate the seismic performance of the column details. The specimens included a load stub, four equal‐height circular CFT segments, and a footing. Strands were placed through the column and post‐tensioned to provide a precompression of the column against the footing. One specimen also contained energy‐dissipating devices at the base to increase the hysteretic energy. The test results showed that (1) both specimens could develop the maximum flexural strength at the design drift and achieve 6% drift with small strength degradation and residual displacement, (2) the proposed energy‐dissipating device could increase energy dissipation in the hysteresis loops, and (3) the CFT segmental columns rotated not only about the base but also about the interface above the bottom segment. This study proposed and verified a method to estimate the experimental flexural displacement using two plastic hinges in the segmental column. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

TOXICITY OF TWO HERBICIDES 2,4 -D DIMETHYLAMINE AND BENSULFURON METHYL TO RICE FIELD CHIRONOMUS KIIENSIS (TOKUNAGA) ( DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE)

1 INTRODUCTIONRice field is a unique man -made wetland envi-ronment where many varieties of aquatic insects oc-curred ( Ali, Ahmad, 1988; Yamazaki,et al,2001a; Che Salmah, Abu Hassan, 2002). Duringrice cultivation in Malaysia, herbicides are used in-tensi…     

新疆柴窝堡盆地侏罗纪孢粉地层学

根据孢粉组合特征及其与国内外有关资料的对比、分析,认为三工河组的孢粉组合时代为早侏罗世晚期,西山窑组和头屯河组的孢粉组合时代为中侏罗世。对柴窝堡盆地侏罗系沉积发育特征、各岩组所含孢粉组合面貌及其地质时代作了研究,建立了可信的侏罗系层序：水西沟群包括下统的八道湾组和三工河组、中统下部的西山窑组,艾维尔沟群包括中统的头屯河组和上统的齐古组与喀拉扎组。研究证实,早至中侏罗世早期该盆地气候温湿,植被发育,沉积以河湖相为主,为重要成煤及生油期;中侏罗世晚期至晚侏罗世受燕山运动影响盆地抬升,气候逐步变得干热,沉积以红色粗碎屑河流或山麓河流相为主。     

试论"十五"期间我国地震地下流体前兆台网的优化与建设问题

根据我国地震地下流体前兆台网的现状、“九五”台站建设取得的进展与存在的问题,提出“十五”期间有关台网优化与建设方面的如下工作建议：（1）优化现有的台网;（2）完善与推广数字化观测技术,力争使经过数字化改造的台站数量由100个扩展到300个,实现数字化观测的台项由300个增加到10000个,基本实现我国流体前兆观测技术的现代化;（3）建设以地震监测与预测研究为目的前兆实验场。（4）建成地下流体学科技术中心;（5）建设重大工程的地震安全性监测系统。