利用频谱响应函数进行淄河流域地下水资源评价

本文采用系统方法,把淄河流域复杂的断裂岩溶含水系统划分为六个子系统。利用系统输入和输出的谱分析,认识系统特征,确定频谱响应函数,计算出系统参数,定量评价地下水资源。      

康定黄金坪金矿床原生晕分带特征及找矿意义

黄金坪金矿床以自然金(银金矿)—多金属硫化物—碲金银系列矿物—碲化物以及石英、黄铁矿等矿物组合为特征;典型元素组合为Au(Ag)-Te-Cu-Pb-Zn-Ba-As。本文应用数理统计方法研究Ⅰ号矿体的原生晕及其分带特征,结果表明侧向分带(矿体向围岩)趋势As-Zn-Pb-Au-Ag-Te-Cu-Ba,垂向分带(由上至下)为Pb-Ag-Au-Zn-As-Te-Cu-Ba。该分带模式对于深部矿化预测与其它矿化带的远景评价具有现实意义。     

济南泉域地下水年龄计算

本文应用环境同位素分析,估算了济南泉域地下水的年龄;根据碳酸盐矿物溶解动力学理论,又计算了泉水的化学年龄;并与同位素求出的年龄作出比较。      

研究地下水中HCO_3~－来源的稳定碳同位素法

自然界中ＣＯ＿２主要来自有机质、大气和碳酸盐岩石，因同位素分馏作用，其稳定碳同位素组成在这三种物质中的分配不尽相同。本文根据地下水实测ＨＣ，的δ￣（１３）Ｃ￣２值，利用热力学及同位素平衡计算与之相平衡的ＣＯ＿２气体的δ￣（１３）Ｃ值，确定了ＣＯ＿２气体来源，进而确定了的有机来源。     

广东新洲金矿床地质特征和成矿流体类型

新洲金矿带产于震旦系云母石基片岩的层间断裂带中，矿床中有金矿床带１０条，第二，三矿化阶段为金的主要矿化阶段，流体包裹体和同位素研究表明，金属矿和硫来自围岩，流体主要是变质水，矿床是产于区域变质岩系中，与岩浆热动力变质作用有关，属浅成中温变质热液矿床。     

西藏昌都白格滑坡斜坡地质结构特征及成因机制

在西藏昌都市江达县波罗乡发生的两次高位大型滑坡,形成堰塞体阻断金沙江,其溃决洪水对下游造成了巨大损失.本文基于野外地质调查与工程验证、遥感影像、倾斜摄影测量、岩体微观特征,结合区域地质资料进行分析研究.结果表明:(1)白格滑坡发育于金沙江构造混杂岩带,坡体属于河谷型构造破碎松散体;(2)坡体物质主要由弱变形构造透镜体岩块和强变形错动带(糜棱岩带、碎裂岩带、断层泥)组成,镜下岩石结构破坏严重,岩石强度显著降低;(3)断层破碎带控制滑坡体两侧及后缘边界,为滑坡提供了侧向及后缘的切割面;(4)不连续错动带为白格滑坡的滑动层,在重力卸荷作用下发生贯通,导致坡体发生多期次崩滑;(5)综合坡体失稳启动分析,白格滑坡为"推移式+牵引式"混合型滑坡;(6)白格滑坡是在内动力和外动力耦合作用相互交替下促进形成,加之金沙江对坡脚掏蚀,松散体在重力卸荷作用下剪切破坏致使滑坡发生.白格滑坡事件可为研究金沙江构造混杂岩带中大型滑坡形成机制提供依据,同时也为该区域防灾减灾研究提供理论指导.      

Br/Cl ratio,Zn and radon constraints on the origin and fate of geothermal fluids in the coastal region of southeastern China

Low-to-medium temperature geothermal fluids in the granite regions of southeastern China are an important renewable energy resource, but they are also a source of contamination containing highly toxic elements such as fluoride and arsenic. This study analyzed the origin of the geothermal fluids in a regional-scale hydrogeological unit in the city of Xiamen, China, based on isotope and hydrochemical analyses. The Br/Cl ratios suggested that the inland geothermal fluid is merely recharged by rainwater from the mountain edge, while the coastal geothermal fluid is originally recharged by the seawater and later mixed with rain-derived groundwater. The geothermal water featured high SiO₂ and detectable Zn concentrations. The former reflects the significant water–granite interaction along the flow path, and the latter indicates the active hydraulic connection between surface waters, shallow aquifers and deep geothermal fluids. High radon content was detected near the deep conductive fault adjacent to a geothermal well, demonstrating that the fault damage zone acts as a major conduit for upward transport of the deep geothermal fluid. As a result, the fault damage zones developed in the granite are necessary for the formation of geothermal water, which leads to the uneven distribution of geothermal water in the subsurface. High-temperature geothermal water can be found in those regions with fairly sparse fault damage zones. In contrast, in the region with high-density fault activities, the active communication between shallow cool water and deep geothermal fluids can decrease the water temperature.

     

一种板内小尺度走滑断层平面分段研究方法——以塔里木盆地顺北5号断层中北段为例

近年来在顺北地区1号和5号走滑断层带上获得了重大的油气突破,证明了在塔里木盆地内发育的小尺度走滑断层对断控油气藏具有控藏、控储的特征。该类走滑断层在剖面上贯穿多套古生代地层,纵向结构复杂,在空间上为深层线性走滑叠加浅层雁列正断层的构造样式,钻井揭示在断层带上不同分段的井产能差异明显,表明走滑断层在奥陶系碳酸盐岩顶界面的分段性对油气成藏具有重要的控制作用。本文选取顺北5号断层中北段作为研究对象,针对深层不同层系线性走滑断层分段特征差异明显这一特征,基于不同尺度下断层的断距与分段长度之间的相关性及多断层演化理论,提出了利用沿着走向等间距统计断层的垂向断距变化的方法对深层线性走滑断层开展分段性研究工作,该方法综合了断层的活动强度、演化程度和剖面构造形态来分析断层的分段特征,适用于不同性质的断层分段性特征研究。研究表明5号断层中北段在奥陶系碳酸盐岩顶界面可划分为14段,在寒武系膏盐岩层顶界面可划分为10段,两个层系的断层分段性在空间上具有继承性与差异演化的特点,其中寒武系膏盐岩滑脱构造中的膏盐逃逸对油气的疏导具有破坏作用,奥陶系碳酸盐岩顶断层活动强度、分段叠接样式、断层分段不同位置对断控缝洞型储层发育规模具有重要的控制作用,揭示了断层在平面上的分段特征及纵向结构对断控缝洞型油气成藏具有重要的控制作用。     

Preparation of a novel two-dimensional carbon material and enhancing Cu(II) ions removal by phytic acid

A novel two-dimensional carbon material using phytic acid-functionalized graphene oxide was successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. Properties of the material were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, FITR-Rama and BET. Some factors like contact time, pH, and temperature were studied to investigate the adsorption characteristics on Cu(II) ions of the material. Experiment results showed that the material can reach equilibrium adsorption in 20 min and get maximum adsorption capacity (316.586 mg g) under the condition of pH 4.0, 304 K. The adsorption of Cu(II) ions was an exothermic and spontaneous process, and could be better simulated by the pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model.     

稠油热采地层阵列感应测井响应特性数值模拟

稠油热采地层温度的独特变化规律直接影响了目的层和围岩的电阻率,进而导致阵列感应测井响应的变化;因此,了解地层温度对阵列感应测井响应的影响,对于更准确地确定地层电阻率具有重要的意义。本文利用地层温度与地层电阻率的相关关系,通过有限元方法模拟不同地层温度和不同地层结构的阵列感应测井响应。数值模拟结果表明：不同线圈结构子阵列的视电阻率随地层温度的升高而下降,下降幅度与地层温度、线圈系结构以及地层原始电阻率有关;三层阶跃地层中目的层及围岩电阻率、目的层温度和厚度都会影响其测井响应,使各子阵列视电阻率曲线由目的层边缘向围岩处呈现上升的形态。通过对这些响应特征的分析研究,结合油田实例G1井进行了对比和验证,模拟结果较好地阐释了现场阵列感应测井的异常响应特征。