从香港地质谈到中国农业生态

在热带条件下，不同种类岩石受到强烈的化学风化作用，并导致某些环境问题，香港在这方面提供了十分典型的例子。在香港，岩石风化厚度可达８０ｍｉｎ，普通成岩矿物长石和云母被转化为粘土矿物埃洛石和高岭石，风化岩密度一般降低４０％￣８０％，埃洛石密度看来是亚稳定的，随年龄的增加而降低。在老于晚侏罗纪或早白垩纪的岩石中，还未临别出埃洛石。埃洛石、高岭石及其风化产物少含植物所需营养元素，且阳离子交换能力低，因而所     

MODELING UNSTEADY TURBIDITY CURRENTS IN A STEEP NARROW RESERVOIR

1.IN~DUCTIONTurbiditycurrentisoneclassofflowsnameddensitycurrentorgravitycurrent(therHunterRouse(Yih(1980)),whichdePictstheintmsionofheaVyfluidintoalighterone.Usually,thedensitydifferencebetWeentWonuidisrelativelysmallandmixingacrosstheimerfaceoccurs.ThedrivingforceofdensitycurrentsisnotdensitydifferenceitselfbutthedifferenceinspeCmcweights.Turbiditycurrentisnamedwhenthedensitydifferenceisespeciallycausedbysuspendedfinesedimentparticles.Sincesediment-ladenflowcaninteraCtwiththelowerbou…     

THE ADVERSE IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON FLOOD CONTROL IN THE HUAIHE BASIN

LIN~DUCnONTheHuaiheBasinislOCatedbetWeen31"-36"llorthemlahtudeand112"-121"easternlongitude,andcoversatotalareaofabout269,000sq.kin,OfwhichthemountainousandhillyareasocCUPyl/3,theplainsandlow-iringland2/3.ThebasinelicitSsalientphysicalgeographicalfeatllTesasfollowsf(l)Thereisnoobviousmountaindividebe~ntheWatershedoftheriVerandtheYellowforerBasinaswellastheYangtZeRadBasin.MostofthetributariesinthenoalbudoftheHuaiheforertakethesouthdikesOftheYellowherasthedivide.(2)TheriVerbedofthetr…     

Behavior of Deformation and Strength of Concrete Under Biaxial Stresses

The study of the behavior of concrete under biaxial stresses is essential to the design of offshore concrete platforms. Using the multiaxial test apparatus developed by the authors, the deformation and strength of concrete under biaxial stresses are studied experimentally. Based on the test data, an endochronic damage constitutive model and a failure criterion are proposed. According to the above model, an incremental nonlinear iterative programme is developed, and a plate sample in plane stress state is analyzed.     

Offshore Design Waves for Dayaowan Port Area of Dalian Port

This paper introduces the calculating procedure of the offshore design waves for the Dayaowan port area of Dalian Port. Some suggestions are proposed about the conventional calculating methods with measured waves data.     

Long-Term Joint Distribution of One-Tenth Large (or Significant) Wave Height with Average Period

- In this paper, by using the wave data from a few oceanographic observation stations in the coastal zone of the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea, the long-term joint distribution of the one-tenth large (or significant) wave height with average period is studied. The statistical data demonstrate that the long- term distribution of the one- tenth wave height or average period fits the log-normal distribution, thus the joint distribution also fits the two-dimensional log-normal distribution. Then the conditional probability distribution of the average period is derived, and the range as well as the mode of the average wave period corresponding to a certain return period of wave height can be calculated easily.     

Buckling Propagation in Marine Pipelines

The buckling propagation in marine pipelines is studied by means of the cylindrical shell model in this paper. Several parameters including geometrical parameter D/ T, L/ D, physical parameter E and σy are discussed. The computed results are compared with the available experimental data and other computed results, it is found that the present results are closer to the experimental results than other computed results.     

A Generalized Point Conforming Rectangular Plate Element

- A generalized point conforming rectangular element for plate bending is proposed. The present element displacement field can not only satisfy the continuity of normal displacement and its derivative at the element node, but also satisfy the generalized continuity at the middle point of each element boundary, where the generalized conforming condition is to make the non-conforming residual to be minimum. Numerical results show that the proposed element is more accurate than the ordinary 4-node non-conforming rectangular plate element (ACM element).     

Effect of Band Width on Fatigue Life under Random Stress Response

A fatigue life estimation method for offshore structures under random stress response is studied in this paper. The method of broad band cumulative frequency number is used to determine the effect of band width of stress frequency spectra on fatigue. A formula of correction factor for fatigue under broad band stress spectra is suggested and compared with that given by P. H. Wirsching.