邹家山铀矿床流体包裹体研究

对相山铀矿田西部的邹家山矿床矿石中的萤石进行了系统的流体包裹体研究,结果表明取自邹家山矿床-130m和206m标高样品流体包裹体的均-温度平均值分别为266．1℃和159．9℃,盐度平均值分别为11．61wt％和13．16wt％,密度平均值分别为0．88g／cm^3和1．00g／cm^3。流体包裹体均-温度与盐度之间的关系呈抛物线型,密度与均-温度呈明显的负相关关系,而密度与盐度成正相关关系。计算获得邹家山矿床-130m和206m标高铀的平均成矿深度分别是553m和65m,表明矿床形成后遭受一定程度的剥蚀,其剥蚀深度大约在65～150m。     

张掖盆地水文地质特征与稳定同位素研究

论述了张掖盆地地下水赋存分布特征与地下水补给、径流、排泄条件,利用水化学、同位素调查的方法,重点对张掖甘州平原区地下水水化学类型及其演化过程进行了研究。结果表明：张掖盆地由源于南部祁连山和北部龙首山的水系沉积物组成,其冲洪积平原规模、含水层富水性、导水性与地下水水化学特征等方面存在差异;同时地下水稳定同住素特征分析印证了水文地质条件的差异。祁连山前沉积物与龙首山前沉积物中地下水有着不同的补给来源和径流路径。浅层地下水和龙首山前深层承压水主要补给源为大气降水和山区河流入渗补给,祁连山前深层承压地下水系统可能有冰雪融水补给。     

一种快速角点探测算子研究

基于SUSAN和角点几何结构分析的思想提出一种改进的快速角点探测算子.首先进行角点粗探测,然后再对粗探测的结果进行角点几何结构分析,即图像中的像元如果为角点,它必须满足角点的圈层结构.通常认为角点处各个方向上灰度差变化都较大,所以角点响应函数采用反映角点突出性的响应函数,使提取的角点含有更高的信息量.实验证明,本算法提取的角点定位准确,快速有效,可以适用于实时图像处理.     

Dimension and frequency of bar formation in a braided river

This paper presents flume and field observations of a bank-confined braided river. Morphological features, including plan form configuration, channel width, and main channel migration, were examined by a series of experiments. Repeated measurements of channel morphology, provided a basis to estimate the relationship between noncumulative frequency of bars and bar area. Additional results from the Dajia River, located in Central Western Taiwan, were presented to provide a reference data set for comparing the laboratory and field data. The results indicate that the relationship between bar length and width can be predicted by a simple best-fit power function relating to self-similarity characteristics. The Hurst index by Walsh and Hicks (2002) provides acceptable predictions of the bar length and width observed in the experiments and confirmed by the field investigations. Eexperimental and field results both show that large river width yields a uniform distribution of bar areas with the similar discharge, leading to a large value of exponent (β) in the model. The river width is confirmed to be a critical parameter in the main channel shift. A small increase in channel width likely increased rapidly the shift cycle.     

地电井下观测装置技术指标的测试与认定讨论——井下观测设施构建与测试技术

观测技术系统的设施构建技术指标认定是观测技术的核心所在,本文结合地电井下观测设施构建工程^[1],着重讨论针对观测装置测试的需求、技术指标测试的方法以及认定的过程。文中以具体工程参数为例,给出4项测试结果,讨论了认定依据和认定过程,希望本讨论能对地电井下观测设施建设、指标的认定起到参考作用。     

Estimation and Long-term Trend Analysis of Surface Solar Radiation in Antarctica: A Case Study of Zhongshan Station

Long-term,ground-based daily global solar radiation (DGSR) at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica can quantitatively reveal the basic characteristics of Earth’s surface radiation balance and validate satellite data for the Antarctic region.The fixed station was established in 1989,and conventional radiation observations started much later in 2008.In this study,a random forest (RF) model for estimating DGSR is developed using ground meteorological observation data,and a highprecision,long-term DGSR dataset is constructed.Then,the trend of DGSR from 1990 to 2019 at Zhongshan Station,Antarctica is analyzed.The RF model,which performs better than other models,shows a desirable performance of DGSR hindcast estimation with an R~2 of 0.984,root-mean-square error of 1.377 MJ m~(-2),and mean absolute error of 0.828 MJ m~(-2).The trend of DGSR annual anomalies increases during 1990–2004 and then begins to decrease after 2004.Note that the maximum value of annual anomalies occurs during approximately 2004/05 and is mainly related to the days with precipitation (especially those related to good weather during the polar day period) at this station.In addition to clouds and water vapor,bad weather conditions (such as snowfall,which can result in low visibility and then decreased sunshine duration and solar radiation) are the other major factors affecting solar radiation at this station.The high-precision,longterm estimated DGSR dataset enables further study and understanding of the role of Antarctica in global climate change and the interactions between snow,ice,and atmosphere.     

东昆仑喀雅克登塔格辉长岩体地球化学研究及大地构造意义

对东昆仑喀雅克登塔格地区的辉长岩所进行的时代及地球化学研究发现,该辉长岩为早泥盆世,属钙碱性系列,有向富镁方向演化的特点,岩石稀土总量根据测试精度在28.9×10-6～154×10-6,（La/Yb）N比值大于1,在4.1～5.1之间,表现为岩石显轻稀土富集特征（LREE/HREE在3.52～5.60）,岩石的Sm/Nd在0.23～0.25间,指示来源区可能与亏损地幔有关。δCe值在0.87～1.00,表现为负Ce异常,辉长岩来源于壳幔接合部位或富集型地幔源区.结合玄武岩构造环境判别图解可知,该辉长岩构造环境应是祁漫塔格加里东造山带造山后伸展环境下的产物。     

广西云开地区区域成矿模式

通过对广西云开地区区域成矿特点和区域构造演化阶段的讨论,选择区内主要矿床的控矿地质因素、成矿时代、物质来源等特征进行对比,并根据典型矿床成矿模式概括区域成矿模式。指出加里东期、华力西-印支期、燕山期为本区矿床的成矿期,这是对广西云开地区成矿环境的认识进一步深化,以期指导区域矿产评价和找矿部署工作。     

四种前处理方法对电感耦合等离子体质谱测定植物样品中27种微量元素的影响

采用HNO₃-HClO₄-HF常压消解、HNO₃-H₂O₂-HF高压密闭消解、HNO₃-H₂O₂微波消解,干法灰化后残渣用HNO₃-HF-HClO₄溶解等四种方法对植物样品进行前处理,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)对植物样品中的27种元素进行定量分析,探讨了不同前处理方法对ICP-MS测定植物样品中微量元素的影响。分析结果表明: HNO₃-HClO₄-HF常压消解使用大量试剂,污染环境,造成空白值高;在常压体系中HClO₄的加入能提高样品的消解效率,但赶酸不完全,会造成复合离子对钒和砷的干扰;干法灰化过程中某些元素(硼、汞等)会损失;常压消解和高压密闭消解中加入HF能有效地提高铍、稀土、钇、钛、锑、铀等元素的回收率,但在蒸干赶HF的过程中,会造成硼和汞的损失,并且钢套的生锈会造成铬、镍空白值高。尽管没有一种方法能适用于所有元素的分析,但相比较而言,HNO₃-H₂O₂微波消解体系操作简单,大部分元素(除铍、钛、锑、铋、稀土)能得到满意的结果,精密度(RSD)均小于10%(n=10),相对误差(RE)为-4.6%~13.6%。