渤海油田泡沫吞吐解堵技术研究与应用

稠油油藏由于储层胶结疏松,原油胶质、沥青质含量高,加上稠油中重质组分与细粉砂、泥质成分混在一起,往往在防砂管柱筛孔处形成堵塞,造成近井地带堵塞,影响了油井产能。常规的有机解堵或酸化增产措施很难解除这种复合堵塞,即使解堵后,效果也不理想。针对上述问题,提出了泡沫流体吞吐解堵技术,进行了室内实验和数值模拟计算。优选的高效清洗剂Po-Ca,在5%浓度时降黏率达到99.28%、对油砂的清洗效率达到94.6%,并通过在渤海油田一口稠油井首次成功应用后该井由停产井变为产量为28-30 m^3/d的高产井,取得了满意的效果。该技术为海洋稠油油藏低产低效井综合治理提供了一种新的技术手段,对渤海油田低产低效井的增产具有重要的意义。     

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网络专题地图服务平台的设计与实现

空间信息共享和互操作是GIS发展永恒的主题,本文主要研究了网络专题地图服务平台的设计与实践,从数据目录管理、多源数据节点的远程访问与调度、专题地图的按需动态生成与发布等关键技术着手,研究实现了面向用户的空间信息与行业统计信息的集成共享与可视化。利用ASP．NET创建了网络专题地图服务门户,验证了所提出的框架体系和关键技术的合理性和可行性。     

Organotin accumulation in an estuarine food chain: comparing field measurements with model estimations

The bioaccumulation model OMEGA (optimal modelling for ecotoxicological applications) is used to explore accumulation of organotins in the Western Scheldt food chain, consisting of herbi-detritivores, primary and secondary carnivorous fish and a piscivorous bird. Organotins studied are tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) and the respective di- and mono-organotin metabolites. Empirical elimination rate constants are compared to model predictions for organic substances and metals. It is found that field bioaccumulation ratios are higher than predicted based on elimination kinetics relevant for organic compounds. The results indicate that uptake of organotins mainly occurs via hydrophobic mechanisms, whereas elimination may occur via metal-like kinetics. This results in very low elimination rates, which are comparable to model predictions for metals.     

武汉地区GPS气象网试验研究

将精密星历与快速预报星历GPS可降水量进行比较，两者的相关系数为99．97％，均方根为0．048mm，得出可以利用快速预报星历进行GPS可降水量的准实时预报的结论。通过对武汉地区GPS测站的可降水量的比较，得出武汉地区水汽的分布状况。对一次降雨过程进行了GPS可降水量与实际降雨量的比较，表明GPS可降水量变化可反映和预报降雨发生的过程。     

Developing a Radiative Shock Experiment Relevant to Astrophysics

We assume that internal shocks of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) consist of multiple sub-jets with a collimation half-angle of about several times gamma-1i, where gammai is the Lorentz factor of each sub-jet. If by chance a sub-jet is first emitted off-axis from the line of sight, the observed peak energy can be in the X-ray region. Next, if by chance a subsequent sub-jet is emitted along the line of sight, then the peak energy will be in the gamma-ray region and the gamma ray may arrive after the X-ray precursor from the former sub-jet depending on parameters. This model predicts a new class of GRBs with extremely weak and short gamma-ray emission but X-ray precursors and/or postcursors as well as an afterglow.     

Initial Time Dependence of Abundances in Solar Energetic Particle Events

We compare the initial behavior of Fe/O and He/H abundance ratios and their relationship to the evolution of the proton energy spectra in "small" and "large" gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events. The results are qualitatively consistent with the behavior predicted by the theory of Ng et al. published in 1999. He/H ratios that initially rise with time are a signature of scattering by non-Kolmogorov Alfvén wave spectra generated by intense beams of shock-accelerated protons streaming outward in large gradual SEP events.     

黄海盆地西部下蜀黄土成因机制的新探索

下蜀黄土分布于北起苏北,南至太湖,西始江汉,东迄黄东海陆架的广大地区,是一套棕黄至灰黄色的粉砂亚砂土层,其平原区相应部分———硬黏土层则为一层呈黄褐色、灰绿和暗绿色的致密硬土层,总体上是属于更新统的一套细粒堆积,这套堆积在苏北称戚嘴组,在皖南称茆塘组［１］。１研究区下蜀黄土分布与剖面地层划分主要研究区位于南京下蜀镇。黄土呈连续性和披覆性覆盖了从海拔４４８ｍ的宝华山到各种负海拔的不同高度的地形,在山丘顶部厚度较小,低洼处厚度大可达３０ｍ;在江北浦口研究区,黄土分布基本类似。据野外地层观察和室内粒度、磁化率分析…