中国九龙江河口营养盐基准值研究

One of the key concerns in estuarine and coastal environments is eutrophication, which is known to be closely connected to nutrient enrichment. To control and improve surface water quality, nutrient criteria are recommended in order to provide reference conditions for the environment. However, the current datasets of nutrient criteria in China are either designed for surface water or sea water, and as such these are not suitable for assessing estuarine water quality, especially given the unique ecosystem and dynamic properties of estuaries. To address this issue in current estuarine water management, nutrient criteria have been developed for a local estuary in the southeast of China. Segmentation of the Jiulong River Estuary, China was firstly analysed through field investigations carried out during 2013–2014, which resulted in the delineation of three segments characterized by their distinct properties in relation to salinity, hydrology, ecosystems, etc. Historical records from 1997 to 2014 were then analysed using statistical modelling to develop candidate nutrient criteria for the estuary.This stage of the analysis was undertaken in combination with the study of nutrient status records from the 1980s,which were used to establish a baseline reference condition. The recommended criteria values of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) in Segments Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of the Jiulong River Estuary are 64, 21 and 14 μmol/L,respectively, and the corresponding values for soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP) are 0.89, 0.76 and 0.89 μmol/L,respectively. It should be emphasised that these values are site-dependent, and that different results may be achieved at other locations depending on the physical and biogeochemical characteristics of an estuary, or even a single site within a catchment. It is hoped that by demonstrating a possible methodological approach and methods of nutrient criteria derivation in the Jiulong River Estuary, the current study will offer researchers some fundamental basis from which to begin to develop more complete nutrient criteria indices for the study of nutrient conditions in other estuaries throughout China.     

印度尼西亚北苏拉威西蓝碧海峡浮游动物种类组成及分布

Based on oceanographic survey data in June 2012 in the Lembeh Strait, the zooplankton ecological characteristics such as species composition, individual abundance, dominant species and distribution were analyzed. The results showed that 183 species(including 4 sp.) had been recognized, most of them belonged to copepoda.Cnidaria followed with 43 species(including 1 sp.) were identified. The average abundance of zooplankton was(150.47±58.91) ind./m~3. As to the horizontal distribution, the abundance of the zooplankton was higher in the southern waters than in the northern waters. The dominant species in the study area were Lensia subtiloides,Sagitta enflata, Lucifer intermedius, Oikopleura rufescens, Diphyes chamissoni, Creseis acicula, Subeucalanus subcrassus, Temora discaudata, Aglaura hemistoma, Doliolum denticulatum, Canthocalanus pauper, Oikopleura longicauda and Nanomia bijuga. Zooplankton biodiversity indexes were higher in study area than previous study in the other regions. The findings from this study provide important baseline information for future research and monitoring programs.     

铁炉港表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价

对海南铁炉港内表层沉积物中重金属的含量进行测定,探讨其分布特征、相关性及潜在生态危害程度。结果表明,铁炉港表层沉积物中的重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg及As含量范围分别为10.83~45.90、5.94~23.86、6.91~78.41、0.05~0.82、8.0~19.60、0.021~0.070及1.68~16.77mg/kg,与海口湾、小海、新村港、上地壳及中国浅海沉积物相比,铁炉港Hg平均值较小,Cd、As平均值较大,其余位于其间;相关性分析显示,Cu、Pb、Zn及Cr具有相同污染源,Hg、Pb、Zn及Cd具有相同污染源。重金属污染程度以中等生态危害为主,其次是轻微生态危害与强生态危害,RI较高的站位基本位于铁炉港养殖密集区,Cd与Hg为主要潜在生态危害因子,7种重金属的潜在生态风险大小依次为:CdHgAsCuPbZnCr。本研究为铁炉港的环境保护和资源可持续开发利用提供基础数据与理论依据。     

南黄海古生界油气多期成藏的包体证据

正1地质背景南黄海盆地北起千里岩断裂,南至江绍断裂,西接下扬子苏北盆地,东临京畿地块。震旦纪至早三叠世,下扬子主要经历了晋宁运动、蓟县运动、广西运动(加里东运动)、东吴运动和印支运动,期间发生了多期海进、海退,沉积了多套碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩地层。同处于下扬子地块,南黄海盆地与陆域苏北盆地在古生代具有相同的沉积充填史和构造演化史。根据下扬子陆区露头、钻井和南黄海钻井资料及地震资料解释成果,南黄海古生代地层较完     

光裸方格星虫增养殖对滩涂底质的影响

基于2016年春、秋两个季节的现场实验数据, 研究光裸方格星虫(Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus)滩涂增养殖对滩涂底质的影响。实验对方格星虫单养区(S组)、方格星虫-贝类混养区(P组)和无星虫对照区(C组)进行了有机质、粒径组成、氧化还原电位(ORP)等指标测定, 结果表明: 1) 秋季S组20~30cm层次有机质含量和细沙比例均显著高于春季, 而C组仅表层物质有所增加, 表明方格星虫具有较强的表层物质迁移能力, 且其迁移深度为20~30cm。2) 秋季C组各层氧化还原电位值(ORP)均无明显降低趋势, 而S组仅10~20cm层次有一定程度降低, 表明方格星虫增养殖并不会明显降低滩涂底质状况。3) P组各层有机质以及细沙含量增加, 表明皱肋文蛤的过滤沉积作用可以提高滩涂颗粒物质的积累, 且方格星虫混养会加速颗粒物质的向下迁移; P组皱肋文蛤的栖息层次(0~3cm、3~10cm) ORP明显低于S组(p<0.05), 表明高密度的皱肋文蛤代谢活动会加剧0~10cm的底质恶化。4) 方格星虫与皱肋文蛤具有生态互补作用, 在同一区域进行增养殖可以提高滩涂物质利用率及碳汇功能; 方格星虫扰动引入富氧水可以缓解皱肋文蛤栖息层次的底质。     

南襄盆地泌阳断陷下第三系陆相层序地层

泌阳断陷历经中生代小型拉分盆地、早第三纪断陷盆地和晚第三纪坳陷盆地等３个盆地原型的演化、叠合过程,形成了３个盆地充填序列及其所包含的３个构造层序。泌阳断陷下第三系（即构造层序Ⅱ）为湖盆沉积充填主体,其可划分为７个层序组,各层序组具特定的沉积体系配置关系。作为泌阳断陷油气勘探主要目的层段的下第三系核桃园组可进一步划分为１２个层序。其中,核三上段包括跨时分别为１．０８、１．４０、１．０２Ｍａ的３个陆相层序,由南往北呈现冲积扇—扇三角洲—湖泊—三角洲的沉积体系空间配置。泌阳断陷下第三系层序地层年代框架模式清晰地显示了断陷湖盆成盆演化史、沉积充填史及其陆相层序时空展布特征。     

不同处理温度对3种龙虾长途运输存活率的影响

【目的】研究处理温度对锦绣龙虾(Panulirus ornatus)、波纹龙虾(P. homarus)和杂色龙虾(P. versicolor)长途运输存活的影响。【方法】采用冰块梯度降温的方法,将从斯里兰卡收购的锦绣龙虾、波纹龙虾和杂色龙虾依不同规格(0.1～0.2、0.2～0.5、0.5 kg以上)分别按5℃/h降温至25、20、18、15、12℃,并进行长途运输。【结果】1)12℃处理组的龙虾存活率最高,达95.42%,显著高于其他温度处理组(P 0.05);2)经12～25℃温度处理后,锦绣龙虾的存活率总体上高于其他龙虾,更有利于长途保活运输;3)随着龙虾规格增大,存活率呈增加趋势(P 0.05);4)处理温度对龙虾长途运输存活率影响有统计学意义(P 0.001);龙虾种类对运输存活率影响有统计学意义(P 0.05),而规格对龙虾运输存活率影响无统计学意义(P 0.05);温度×种类、温度×规格和种类×规格的一级互作以及温度×种类×规格的二级互作对龙虾存活率影响均无统计学意义(P 0.05);5)暂养可提高龙虾长途运输的存活率,暂养时间宜在18 h以上。     

联合应急测绘彰显“河南速度”

正1小时内,无人机应急队伍集结完毕并于指定时间内赶赴现场;40分钟内,完成0.02米分辨率水库现场360°全景影像图并传输至应急测绘指挥大厅;90分钟内,完成水库高分辨率正射影像,分析完成水库132米高程模拟淹没区域面积以及地物类别;2个小时内,完成水坝街景三维点云数据及360°立面全景照片,快速建立大坝三维模型……7月18日下午,河南省测绘地理信     

Molecular detection of microbial communities associated with Microcystis vs Synechococcus dominated waters in Tianjin,China

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms cause many ecological disasters worldwide. During the development of cyanobacterial blooms, the diversity and domination of cyanobacterial taxa are of a particular concern. In this study, the microbial community structure within a water system, such as in Yuqiao Reservoir and Haihe River in Tianjin City, China, was compared by using next-generation sequencing. A total of 5 001 operational taxonomic units were obtained and clustered from filtered 16 S rDNA V3–V4 region sequences. The cyanobacterial and microbial structures greatly differed in these two water areas. Microcystis was dominant in Yuqiao, whereas Synechococcus was dominant in Haihe. Proteobacteria species were dominant among all detected samples. The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes were higher in Yuqiao Reservoir than in Haihe River, whereas Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were relatively abundant in Haihe River. Further analyses indicated that the domination of both cyanobacteria was strongly related to several environmental factors, such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and dissolved oxygen, reflecting the role of trophic states in shaping the dominance of cyanobacterial taxa. The present study provided the example for Microcystis and Synechococcus dominance along a cyanobacterial bloom in north China. Applying highthroughput sequencing could offer a wide field of vision in analyzing microbial community structures.     

基于InSAR数据的北京地铁6号线地面沉降监测分析

本文以北京市地铁6号线为研究区,采用PS-In SAR技术对研究区53景Terra SAR影像进行永久散射体干涉处理,获取了研究区地面沉降信息,初步揭示了线状研究区的地面沉降空间分布特征,进一步结合层次熵值法,定位6号线典型路段,深入分析了地面沉降发展的严重程度及不均匀性。研究结果表明:(1)6号线沿线自西向东沉降速率增大,最大年沉降速率为77.2 mm/a,出现在常营—草房路段;(2)综合熵值以金台路站为分界,西侧熵值小(小于0.5),东侧接近或大于1,金台路以东路段沉降量大,且不均匀沉降严重;(3)在地质条件相似的金台路-十里堡、青年路-褡裢坡、黄渠-草房3个路段内,沉降严重程度同时受年沉降速率、斜率、曲率半径变化驱动,且相关性强。