Experimental Study of Nonlinear Behaviors of A Free-Floating Body in Waves

Nonlinear behaviors of a free-floating body in waves were experimentally investigated in the present study. The experiments were carried out for 6 different wave heights and 6 different wave periods to cover a relatively wide range of wave nonlinearities. A charge-coupled device (CCD) camera was used to capture the real-time motion of the floating body. The measurement data show that the sway, heave and roll motions of the floating body are all harmonic oscillations while the equilibrium position of the sway motion drifts in the wave direction. The drift speed is proportional to wave steepness when the size of the floating body is comparable to the wavelength, while it is proportional to the square of wave steepness when the floating body is relatively small. In addition, the drift motion leads to a slightly longer oscillation period of the floating body than the wave period of nonlinear wave and the discrepancy increases with the increment of wave steepness.     

转发式测距数据支持的GEO导航卫星精密定轨

地球静止轨道GEO卫星定轨是精密定轨领域的难点.依托我国区域范围地面跟踪网实际,提出了转发式测距数据支持下的GEO导航卫星精密定轨方案.从定轨精度、设备时延和伪距站对GEO轨道精度影响等方面进行了深入分析.试验结果证明:1 ns的时延误差引进的GEO轨道径向和位置误差分别为0.121 m和3.505 m.在多个转发式测距跟踪站约束的条件下伪距对定轨精度贡献非常有限,但通过星地钟差的估计可以实现时间同步,同步精度优于1 ns.这为时间同步提供了一种新的方法.当转发式测距跟踪站有限时伪距对GEO定轨的贡献非常明显,1CC(转发式跟踪站)+7L(伪距站)联合定轨条件下的轨道精度优于5 m.从而解决了GEO卫星精密定轨问题,同时实现了星地和站间时间同步以及卫星轨道与钟差参数的自洽.     

WHM-Ⅰ型水氦质谱计的研制

该型水氦质谱计是为地震监测、预报而研制的。它装有微机,是目前第一台能直接精密测定混合气体中~(28)N_2/~(40)Ar、~4He/~(40)Ar比值的专门质谱计,技术指标先进。它利用180°磁偏转多束法原理制成,配有特殊进样-真空系统,操作方便,适于微量气体同位素分析。     

正确计提资产减值准备

2001年1月1日，《企业会计制度》代替原《股份有限公司会计制度》开始在食业中施行，这是对我国会计核算制度的又一次重大改革，为提高我国企业的会计信息质量，加快会计与国际接轨的进程奠定了良好的基础。有关对资产减值准备规定的完善是这次改革中的一个重要举措，较详细地     

起伏地形下黄河流域太阳直接辐射分布式模式

基于数字高程模型(DEM)数据和气象站观测资料建立了起伏地形下太阳直接辐射分布式计算模型,模型充分考虑了地形因子(坡向、坡度、地形相互遮蔽)对起伏地形下太阳直接辐射空间分布的影响;以1km×1km分辨率的DEM数据作为地形的综合反映,计算了起伏地形下黄河流域1km×1km分辨率太阳直接辐射的空间分布;深入分析了起伏地形下太阳直接辐射受地理、地形因子影响的变化规律.结果表明受地形起伏和坡向、坡度等局地地形因子的影响,山区年太阳直接辐射量的空间差异比较明显,向阳山坡(偏南坡)的年直接辐射量明显高于背阴山坡(偏北坡).     

影响我国冬小麦产量的气象因子研究

收集整理了全国５２个市、县冬小麦产量预报模型资料,总结撮出预报因子,通过定量分析,了解了影响各地区冬小麦产量的主要气象因子,为大面积冬小麦产量监测和预报提供了科学依据。     

结合抛物型缓坡方程计算波浪辐射应力

将波浪辐射应力与抛物型缓坡方程中的待求变量联系起来,提出了一种计算辐射应力的新方法,并用有限差分法对控制方程进行了数值求解。数值结果表明这种方法精度高、编程简单、求解快速,可用于实际大区域波浪辐射应力的计算。     

浅滩海冰断裂的一种可能模式分析

引起近岸海冰断裂的因素很多,如风、浪、潮流等.本文主要分析了涨落潮对浅滩海冰断裂的影响,并建立了其计算模式.计算结果表明海冰的厚度h和长度ι、以及岸坡角a是决定海冰破碎长度lp的主要因素.     

复杂地形对长江流域太阳总辐射的影响(英文)

Global solar radiation(GSR) is the most direct source and form of global energy, and calculation of its quantity is highly complex due to influences of local topography and terrain inter-shielding. Digital elevation model(DEM) data as a representation of the complex terrain and multiplicity condition produces a series of topographic factors(e.g. slope, aspect, etc.). Based on 1 km resolution DEM data, meteorological observations and NOAA-AVHRR remote sensing data, a distributed model for the calculation of GSR over rugged terrain within the Yangtze River Basin has been developed. The overarching model permits calculation of astronomical solar radiation for rugged topography and comprises a distributed direct solar radiation model, a distributed diffuse radiation model and a distributed terrain reflectance radiation model. Using the developed model, a quantitative simulation of the GSR space distribution and visualization has been undertaken, with results subsequently analyzed with respect to locality and terrain. Analyses suggest that GSR magnitude is seasonally affected, while the degree of influence was found to increase in concurrence with increasing altitude. Moreover, GSR magnitude exhibited clear spatial variation with respect to the dominant local aspect; GSR values associated with the sunny southern slopes were significantly greater than those associated with shaded slopes. Error analysis indicates a mean absolute error of 12.983 MJm-2 and a mean relative error of 3.608%, while the results based on a site authentication procedure display an absolute error of 22.621 MJm-2 and a relative error of 4.626%.     

人口与GDP空间化技术支持下的暴雨洪涝灾害承灾体脆弱性分析

基于统计年鉴资料和土地利用数据,分别建立人口、GDP空间化模型,模拟南京市浦口区人口和GDP的空间分布。并结合暴雨洪涝历史灾情数据,探索区县级行政区域暴雨洪涝灾害承灾体脆弱性风险评估技术方法,最终获得100 m×100 m格网的浦口区暴雨洪涝灾害承灾体脆弱性空间分布图。研究结果表明:(1)人口、GDP的空间化模拟结果,既与各镇街统计数据保持一致,又反映了各镇街内部的人口、GDP分布的空间变化,可以为承灾体脆弱性评估提供精细化、可靠的数据源。(2)浦口区暴雨洪涝灾害承灾体脆弱性高风险区,分布在东北部经济较为发达的城镇街道而老山山脉和沿江内陆滩涂地区脆弱性风险较低。