重要有色、贵金属、稀有金属小型矿床合理勘查程度研究

本文在收集、整理大量资料的基础上,采用探采对比、统计归纳等相结合的研究方法对重要有色金属、贵金属、稀有金属小型矿床合理勘查程度进行了系统研究,得到了该类型小型矿床合理的勘查控制程度及勘查研究程度,对小型矿床的地质勘查工作有一定的指导意义。     

Cross-shelf transport induced by coastal trapped waves along the coast of East China Sea

Cross-shelf transport is important due to its role in the transport of nutrients, larvae, sediments, and pollutants. The role of coastal trapped waves(CTWs) and their contribution to the cross-shelf transport is presently unknown. The impact of wind-driven CTWs on the structure of the cross-shelf currents and transport is investigated in the East China Sea(ECS) starting from theory. The cross-shelf currents are divided into four terms: the geostrophic balance(GB) term, the second-order wave(SOW) term, the bottom friction(BF) term and Ekman(EK) term, as well as three modes: the Kelvin wave(KW) mode, the first shelf wave(SW1) mode and the second shelf wave(SW2) mode. Comparison among these decompositions shows that(1) for the four terms, the effect of the GB and EK terms is continual, while that of the BF term is confi ned to 60–240 km of fshore, and the contribution of the SOW term can be ignored;(2) for the three modes, the KW and SW1 modes are dominant in cross-shelf transport. The results show that the total cross-shelf transport travels onshore under idealized wind stress on the order of 10~(-1), and it increases along the cross-shelf direction and peaks about-0.73 Sv at the continental shelf margin. With the increase of linear bottom friction coeffi cient, the cross-shelf transport declines with distance with the slope becoming more uniform.     

东海“桑吉”轮事故溢油污染的长期预测

“桑吉”轮事故溢出的凝析油和燃料油对漂油途经海域的海洋生态会产生长期灾害性影响。对溢油污染水体的漂移轨迹和污染程度及范围的预测可为海洋环境保护及污染评估提供重要基础信息。基于国家海洋局第一海洋研究所研发的海洋环境业务化预报系统,本研究较精确预测了“桑吉”轮事故发生后至沉船位置的漂移轨迹;继而利用拉格朗日粒子追踪法预测了撞船后60天内的油粒子漂流轨迹。结果表明,沉船点附近的溢油主要向东北方向输运,大部分油粒子进入西边界强流黑潮并在黑潮带动下迅速进入黑潮延伸体海域。基于预报系统2009-2017年历史表层海流资料,对溢油影响程度和范围进行了风险概率分析,结果显示受溢油影响最大的区域为沉船点东北方向海域。     

辽东湾海蜇增殖放流模式的建立和应用

基于中国近海浪-流耦合业务化预报系统（OFS-C）和Lagrangian粒子追踪方法,本文首次建立了辽东湾海蜇增殖放流模型。模型中,海蜇用虚拟的粒子表示,具有昼夜垂直运动（DVM）特性。海蜇运动由海流和次网格参数化引起的随机运动驱动。利用航次调查数据对模型结果进行了验证,模式结果可以很好的模拟放流海蜇分布的主要结构。模型分析了物理过程对辽东湾放流海蜇的输运和分布的影响,结果显示海蜇运动主要受海流和间接的风应力的影响。放流地和捕捞地的连通性分析表明,辽东湾海蜇的主要捕捞地集中于湾顶。另外,连通性矩阵表明,瓦房店放流的部分海蜇不能到达捕捞地,因此,相对于其它放流地来说,瓦房店不是理想的放流地。敏感性实验表明了随机游走的重要性,但是对于游走格式并不敏感。海蜇栖息的深度会影响海蜇最终的分布,若海蜇栖息于海底,则在低层环流的影响下,最终分布于辽东湾中部,部分会流出辽东湾,而不能到达湾顶。     

太湖流域春季降水化学组成及其来源研究

利用野外监测与数值模拟方法分析了2003年3—5月在太湖站、拖山站、东山站降水化学成分,计算了2003年春季太湖水气界面受纳的各离子平均沉降率,阴离子中SO24-浓度及沉降率最大,NO3-次之;阳离子中Ca2 浓度及沉降率最大,NH 4次之。由离子浓度相关性分析可知太湖降水化学受区域人为污染影响较大。利用后向轨迹方法对太湖站的降水进行分类,春季影响太湖流域的降水主要是海洋性降水,占总降水量的92.7%,其中SO24-、NO3-、NH4 分别占春季总沉降量的89.2%、88.1%、88.3%;大陆性降水过程对沉降负荷的贡献不大,但由于降水中离子浓度高,降水酸度大,其对生态系统的危害较大。对云下气团轨迹的分析表明,3种气团影响太湖降水化学组成,即NE方向的输送、SW方向的输送及局地气团。局地气团由于降水量小,降水中离子浓度高,降水酸度大,其对生态系统的影响较大。在远距离输送的气团中北方气团的降水离子浓度和沉降量明显高于南方气团。     

青藏高原各拉丹冬冰芯记录的季节气温变化

A 70-year history of precipitation δ18O record has been retrieved using an ice core drilled from a plat portion of the firn area in the Guoqu Glacier (33o34′37.8″ N, 91o10′35.3″ E, 5720 m a.s.l.) on Mt. Geladaindong (the source region of Yangtze River) during October and November, 2005. Based on the seasonality of δ18O records and the significant positive relationships between monsoon/non-monsoon δ18O values and summer/spring air temperature from the nearby meteorological stations, the history of summer and spring air temperature have been reconstructed for the last 70 years. The results show that both summer and spring air temperature variations present similar trends during the last 70 years. Regression analysis indicates that the slope of the temperature-δ18O relationship is 1.3℃/‰ for non-monsoon δ18O values and spring air temperature, and 0.4℃/‰ for monsoon δ18O values and summer air temperature. Variation of air temperature recorded in the ice core is consistent with that in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), however, the warming trend in the Geladaindong region is more intense than that in the NH, reflecting a higher sensitivity to global warming in the high elevation regions. In addition, warming trend is greater in spring than in summer.     

三峡工程现场气象服务模式初探

长江三峡水利枢纽工程举世瞩目,其建设期之长、土石方挖填量之大,混凝土年浇筑量之多,均创世界之最。这样一个规模浩大的水利枢纽工程,需要各方面的技术支持,气象也不例外。因此,针对工程建设特点,建立一种科学可靠的新型气象服务模式——现场气象服务模式势在必行。1实施三峡工程现场气象服务的可行性1.1三峡工程防汛概况三峡工程具有作业场面广、高陡边波多、施工队伍流动量大等特点。总公司对各部位的渡汛标准作了如下规定：当长江流量达到45×104m3／s时,施工单位的渡汛机构和总公司渡汛领导小组进入值班状态;当长江流量达到5…     

利用X.25分组交换网转发上行报

介绍了转发报程序的开发思路及界面、配置文件、外部程序调用、主模块,手工编报、容错处理。     

乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川冰芯δ~(18)O记录气候意义的再探讨

根据乌鲁木齐河源１ 号冰川冰芯δ１８ Ｏ 记录与大西沟气象站实测的气温资料, 进一步系统地探讨了所研究区域冰芯δ１８ Ｏ 记录的气候意义。结果表明,冰芯δ１８ Ｏ 记录与夏半年（５月～１０ 月）平均气温之间存在一定程度的正相关关系,而与冬半年（１１ 月～次年４ 月） 平均气温不存在稳定的相关性。该结果拓展了中、低纬主地区山地冰川冰芯δ１８ Ｏ 记录作为温度指标的适用性。