执着追求 埋头奉献

张文堂教授是国际著名的三叶虫、叶肢介等节肢动物化石与寒武、奥陶纪地层专家 ,他曾任中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所第三研究室室主任 ,全国地层委员会奥陶系工作组组长 ,国际地层委员会寒武纪分会选举委员、名誉委员 ,伦敦国际动物命名理事会理事 International Trust forZoological Nomenclature,美国无脊椎古生物论著编委 ,《PalaeontologiaCathayana》常务副主编和《古生物学文摘》主编 ,先后发表论文和专著近1 30篇 (部 ) ,曾十多次获奖 ,如全国自然科学奖 ,全国科学大会奖 ( 1 978) ,中科院重大成果奖、一、二等奖及特殊奖。 1 …     

利用MDT资料预测油气产能

准确地预测油气产能关系到油气田开发方案的有效制定。目前,常用模块式地层动态测试(MDT)资料进行产能预测。
由于MDT的测试时间只有几秒钟到几分钟,因此直接使用MDT测试数据计算储层产量会导致较大的误差。针对这一问题,利
用小波分析手段提取了MDT压力测试数据的小波系数之后,采用神经网络方法建立了小波系数与钻杆地层测试(DST)产能间的
数学模型,进而用该模型对其产能进行了预测。将所构建的这一整套MDT产能预测方法应用于XJ油田的产能预测中,预测结果
与DST测试产能的对比表明,该方法能够较好地对工区内的储层产能进行预测,其预测精度能够满足油气田生产的要求。      

大吉区块深部(层)煤层气储层地应力测井预测研究

深部(层)煤层气勘探开发过程中,精准预测地应力对于安全高效钻完井具有重要意义。曾被认为是勘探开发禁区的深部(层)煤层气,近几年相继获得高产而备受关注,但与之相适应的地应力预测模型尚未进行过有益探讨。据此,本文翔实梳理和系统分析了常规油气储层和煤层气等非常规天然气储层中常用的6种地应力预测模型,基于常用的预测模型开展了地应力计算,通过闭合压力对比分析,得知组合弹簧模型和Newberry模型精度相对较高。为提升地应力预测模型的精度,采用煤岩的有效应力系数对两种模型进行优化。优化后的地应力模型预测精度较优化前误差降低了4%,其精度基本能满足大吉区块深部(层)煤层气勘探开发对地应力预测精度的要求。     

Information flow and controlling in regularization inversion of quantitative remote sensing

In order to minimize uncertainty of the inversed parameters to the largest extent by making full use of the limited information in remote sensing data, it is necessary to understand what the information flow in quantitative remote sensing model inversion is, thus control the information flow. Aiming at this, the paper takes the linear kernel-driven model inversion as an example. At first, the information flow in different inversion methods is calculated and analyzed, then the effect of information flow controlled by multi-stage inversion strategy is studied, finally, an information matrix based on USM is defined to control information flow in inversion. It shows that using Shannon entropy decrease of the inversed parameters can express information flow more properly. Changing the weight of a priori knowledge in inversion or fixing parameters and partitioning datasets in multi-stage inversion strategy can control information flow. In regularization inversion of remote sensing, information matrix based on     

Principle and application of three-band gradient difference vegetation index

Vegetation index is a simple, effective and experiential measurement of terrestrial vegetation activity, and plays a very important role in qualitative and quantitative remote sensing. Aiming at shortages of current vegetation indices, and starting from the analysis of vegetation spectral characteristics, we put forward a new vegetation index, the three-band gradient difference vegetation index (TGDVI), and established algorithms to inverse crown cover fraction and leaf area index (LAI) from it. Theoretical analysis and model simulation show that TGDVI has high saturation point and the ability to remove the influence of background to some degree, and the explicit functional relation with crown cover fraction and LAI can be established. Moreover, study shows that TGDVI also has the ability to partly remove the influence of thin cloud. Experiment in the Shunyi District, Beijing, China shows that reasonable result can be reached using the vegetation index to retrieve LAI. We also theoretically analyzed the     

国家305项目"九五"科技攻关取得重要进展

2000年9月20日至10月31日,新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府305项目办公室分别在桂林、南京、北京召开会议,对"九五"科技攻关96-915项目大部分专题进行了验收。"九五"攻关在前两个五年攻关研究的基础上,按照"深化北疆、主攻天山、开拓南疆"的总体部署,在基础地质、矿带评价和开发应用等方面又取得了一系列重要进展。一、基础研究方面 （1）完成了纵贯新疆南北,穿越三山两盆的2 000 km地学断面地质-地球物理综合研究,测制了全线的人工地震宽角反射／折射剖面,并完成重点地区的深地震反射剖面及宽频带天然地震观测,运用了大地电磁测深、天然…