海洋地球物理空间数据仓库系统的设计与实现

本文将空间数据仓库技术引入到海洋地球物理空间数据的管理和应用上来,探索一套适合于海洋地球物理调查和科研工作的空间数据仓库构建方法.本文重点从数据提取工具、空间数据仓库和应用服务器等几个方面对海洋地球物理空间数据仓库系统进行设计和开发,实现海洋地球物理空间数据的组织和管理,向用户提供便捷、直观、高效的面向应用主题的空间数...     

Asymmetric rainband breaking in Typhoon Haitang (2005) before and after its landfall

Using the WRF (Weather Research Forecast) model, this work performed analysis and simulation on the rainband change during the landfall of Typhoon Haitang (2005) and found that breaking may occur over land and oceans leads to distinct asymmetric precipitation. The breaking is related to the topographic effect as well as interactions between the typhoon and midlatitude systems at upper levels. During the landfall, divergent flows at the 200-hPa level of the South-Asian high combined with divergent flows at the periphery of the typhoon to form a weak, inverted trough in the northwest part of the storm, with the mid- and low-level divergence fields on the west and northwest side of the typhoon center maintaining steadily. It intensifies the upper-level cyclonic flows, in association with positive vorticity rotating counterclockwise together with air currents that travel stepwise into a vorticity zone in the vicinity of the typhoon core, thereby forming a vorticity transfer belt in 22–25? N that extends to the eastern part of the storm. It is right here that the high-level vorticity band is subsiding so that rainfall is prevented from developing, resulting in the rainbelt breaking, which is the principal cause of asymmetric precipitation occurrence. Migrating into its outer region, the banded vorticity of Haitang at high levels causes further amplification of the cyclonic circulation in the western part and transfer of positive vorticity into the typhoon such that the rainband breaking is more distinct.     

Characteristics of intensity change in tropical cyclones affecting the South China Sea from 1977 to 2007

The best track data of tropical cyclones (TCs) provided by Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) Tokyo for the South China Sea (SCS) from 1977 to 2007 are employed to study the spatiotemporal variations (for a period of 12 hours) and the rapid (slow) intensification (RI/SI) of TCs with different intensity. The main results are as follows. (1) Over this period, the tropical storms (TSs) and severe tropical storms (STSs) mostly intensify or are steady while the typhoons (TYs) mostly weaken. The stronger a TC is initially, the more observation of its intensification and the less its variability will be; the more observation of its weakening is, the larger its variability will be. (2) The TC intensifies the fastest at 0000 UTC while weakening the fastest at 1200 UTC. (3) In the intensifying state, TSs, STSs, and TYs are mainly active in the northeastern, central-eastern, and central SCS respectively. The weakening cases mainly distribute over waters east off Hainan Island and Vietnam and west off the Philippines. Some cases of TSs and STSs weaken over the central SCS. (4) The RI cases form farther south in contrast to the SI cases. The RI cases are observed in regions where there are weaker vertical shear and easterly components at 200 hPa. The RI cases also have stronger mid-and lower-level warm-core structure and smaller radii of 15.4 m/s winds. The SI cases have slightly higher SST.     

PDSOFT三维设计软件在橇装设备上的应用

本文介绍PDSOFT三维设计软件的主要特点及在工程项目中的具体应用。采用PDSOFT三维配管设计软件设计具有配管直观、出图速度快、材料统计准确等优点,尤其进行橇装化设计时,该软件能在有限的空间里完美地实现管道的预置,弥补二维设计的缺点,是橇装化装置必不可少的设计手段,另外三维设计可在装配现场预制管道,提高工作效率,缩短建设周期,具有显著的经济效益。     

龙口市国土资源局开展测绘地理信息行政执法检查

连日来,由市国土资源局开展的测绘地理信息行政执法检查正在全市进行。从2013年6月起,该局加强测绘地理信息行政执法,进一步加强测绘地理信息监管,推进《测绘法》的贯彻实施,维护测绘地理信息市场秩序。该局成立全市测绘地理信息行政执法检查领导小组,负责组织落实执法检查工作。     

北大别造山后穹隆构造的形成过程与变形模拟

北大别穹隆是在早白垩世造山后伸展活动中形成的。其北界为北西西走向、倾向北北东、正左行平移的晓天-磨子潭韧性剪切带,南界为北西走向、倾向南东、右行“逆冲”的五河-水吼韧性剪切带。通过对这两条剪切带的构造观测、运动学分析、石英C轴组构测量、变形温度分析及变形模拟,表明剪切带原先为中地壳同一近水平的韧性拆离剪切带。该拆离剪切带在原始近水平状态时的活动为上盘向280°方位的伸展运动。随后在大规模岩浆活动与北大别穹隆的隆升中,这一剪切带被动地抬升与剥露,而出露于现今的穹隆边界上。变形模拟显示,北大别穹隆构造现今为近EW轴向的背形,其上隆幅度西强东弱。北大别穹隆的形成过程表明为典型的造山带变质核杂岩。     

杭州地铁储气砂土的渗气性试验研究

浅层气地质灾害对工程的影响日益受到重视,认清储气土层的气渗透特性是采取积极有效工程措施防治灾害影响的基础。以杭州地铁所遇的储气砂为研究对象,利用自制的渗气性量测装置对其进行了系统的试验研究。结果表明：地铁工程所遇的浅层气储气砂层属渗透性极好储层,渗透率达2 960×10-3 ?m2;砂土中气渗透规律符合达西定律;饱和度较低时,含水率的增加对砂土的渗气性影响很小;随着饱和度的增加,气渗透性逐渐减弱,在饱和度大于80 %后,渗气系数急剧减小直至完全不透气;饱和度的变化相对于干密度对储气砂土的渗气性影响更为显著。     

湛江海域结构性软土的边界面损伤模型研究

鉴于天然软土普遍具有结构性的特点,为了考虑软土结构性的逐渐破损过程,提出反映结构损伤的损伤参量。在边界面理论的弹塑性模量中直接引入损伤函数,建立结构性软土的边界面损伤模型,避免了在边界面方程中引入损伤变量带来的复杂性,易于在土工数值分析时采用。将理论预测与某海洋软土三轴排水与不排水剪切试验结果比较,显示了该模型的合理性。     

昌平地震台地温前兆特征分析

介绍了昌平地震台地温测点的基本情况及地温正常变化特征。分析了该测点记到的一些地震前的地地温异常变化特征。自１９９５年以来该测点观测到１１次异常,其中有９次与发生在该台附近（３００ｋｍ范围内）的地震相对应,有２次异常没有对应地震。距离该测点较近的地震的异常形态为趋势下降－回升型;距离该测点较远的地震的异常形态为跳型,震前异常幅度越大,平静时间越长,未来地震的震级越大,反之则小,以分为间隔的测值的异常     

一种有效的防雷保护系统——综合防雷工程网络

分析了雷电危害地震台站的几种形式和昌平地震台原有避雷设施的状况,介绍了综合防雷工程风络的防雷原理及电容性地线的优点,在实际防雷工作中,综合防雷工程网络取得了较小满意的效果。