利用双高度层ADS40影像实现无控制点高精度定位

ADS40是一款目前广泛应用的三线阵机载数字航测相机,集成了高精度的POS系统,大大降低了对地面控制点的依赖。尽管在无控制点时,利用ADS40影像进行空中三角测量的精度已经相对较高,但仍然难以满足大比例尺、高精度测图;常规的方法是引入少量控制点,利用自检校光束法区域网平差来提高ADS40定位精度。本文将结合ADS40相机的特点,利用双高度层的ADS40影像实现完全不依赖控制点的高精度定位。     

THE CENOZOIC SEQUENCE IN THE YANGTZE VALLEY

On the whole the sequence of the Cenozoic formations in the Yangtzebasin and its provisional correlation with the Cenozoic sequence in North China,can be expressed in the following table: ON THE POSSIBILITY OF PREHISTORIC FINDS IN THE YANGTZE VALLEY (1) Generally speaking,possibilities of discovering traces of PalaeolithicMan in the Yangtze basin are rather limited,either on account of the poordevelopment of the Late Pleistocene beds,or on account of their unpromisingfacies(silt or mud). Nevertheless,methodical researches should be started in the extensivepits opened for brick industry in the lower terraces of the Yangtze,for instance,near Nanking in the Hsiasu Loam.Fig.12.An artifact collected on the ground west of Wanshien.Natural size. (2) An attractive field for the search of stony implements would bethe superficial deposits capping the 30-meter terrace developed so extensivelyalong the Yangtze.The Yuhuatai gravels,composing this terrace,contain alarge amount of siliceous pebbles remarkably fitted for the development of astony industry. (3) West of lchang,there is still a better material for stony implementsrepresented by the large pebbles of hard quartzite forming the gold-bearing gravel of the Yangtze.Most probably,if the Red Basin of Szechuan wascovered by loess,palaeolithic flakes would be common in its basal gravel.Un-fortunately,the Mesozoic ground is exposed almost everywhere,in a barrenand cultivated condition,this fact rendering researches difficult,and eventually,interpretation of finds rather difficult.Our figure 12 illustrates a retouchedflake of siliceous pebble collected along the Yangtze,some 10 kilometers westof Wanhsien(nght bank of the river).The specimen was picked up from theground,at a point a little higher than the loamy terrace 1 represented in ourfigure 11.The piece is distinctly incrusted,and differs by its shape from theNeolithic implements(mostly polished celts)commonly observed along theYangtze banks.But its pre-Neolithic age is impossible to prove. (4) As the most promising field for Palaeoanthropology still remainthe fossiliferous dissolution pits spread over the karstic plateaus of the Wanhsienarea.As observed by Granger,those pits have most been worked as naturaltraps,and never represented a dwelling place for animals.Yet the possibilityof discovering somewhere(as in Kwangsi,cf.Teilhard,...Chang,1935)anhabitated cave is not excluded. (5) A special re-investigation is necessary of the Tatsienlu area inwhich quartzite flakes associated with pot sherds have been collected in a kindof loess by Edgar and Bowles.Our own suspicion is that the Tatsionlu loessreally is Late Pleistocene,and the fragments of pottery secondary additions inthe deposits.     

四川巴縣新開市和尚坡洞穴地層之發現及其意義

關於嘉陵江下游新生代地史,最近有一顯著之進步,卽重慶西之背斜層東翼,沿成渝公路之新開市附近和尚坡地方,有合骨化石洞穴層之發見。由此發見,使吾人對此區地史與地文之演變,得一古生物根據,從此而可修正以前若干解說,並可     

A MIOCENE FOSSIL FROG FROM SHANTUNG.

Among a large collection of plants,insects,fishes,turtles andmammals recently collected by the author near Lingchühsien,Shantung,a well preserved fossil frog and numerous impressions of tadpoles are     

烃源岩过成熟阶段生气潜力的实验室模拟

源岩生气潜力的定量评价主要以实验室模拟为手段,由于技术条件的限制,模拟温度一般最高到600℃,认为生气能力已经耗尽,600℃之前的生气量就可作为源岩生气潜力评价的定量依据。而对于600℃之后的生气潜力到底有没有？有多少？一直存在着争议。为了定量评价源岩过成熟阶段的生气潜力,我们通过技术开发将实验温度提高到了1 000℃,通过大量的实验结果发现,源岩在600～800℃之间仍然可以生成大量的天然气,煤系源岩的生气量占总生气量的20%～30%甚至更多,而湖相和海相源岩在这一阶段的生气量相对少一些,约占总生气量的10%,这与其干酪根的骨架结构不同密切相关。天然气生成下限的向下延伸,进一步扩大了过成熟阶段天然气的资源基础,对指导深层勘探有重要意义。     

龙门山构造带北段泥盆系沉积环境演化

泥盆纪时期龙门山构造带北段位于上扬子古陆的边缘,继承了陆棚斜坡断陷,沉积环境受斜坡区北川、南坝大断裂控制,在平面上由西向东分为海槽区、台缘浅滩区、开阔台地区和局限台地区。志留纪末,加里东运动使整个扬子地台上升为陆,为泥盆纪沉积提供了大量的陆源物质;早泥盆世,地壳下降、海侵开始,在青川—南坝断裂和马角坝—雁门坝断裂之间的甘溪、平驿铺和六合地区一带为浅海碳酸盐岩--滨岸碎屑岩沉积环境;中泥盆世,海侵更大、海域更广,天井山古隆起全被海水淹没并达汉南古陆边缘的朝天驿龙洞背附近;同时,川黔古陆地貌差异变小,物源供应减少,主要为一套以碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩为主的混合沉积;晚泥盆世,随海侵的进一步扩大,海域终止于天井山古隆起的边缘,区内基本无物源的供给,主要为一套以碳酸盐岩为主的沉积。龙门山地区泥盆纪沉积环境演化经历了3个主要沉积旋回:平驿铺旋回、甘溪—观雾山旋回和沙窝子—茅坝旋回。总的格局为海侵延续时间较长且速度较缓慢,而海退延续时间较短、速度较快且幅度较大。     

DINOSAURIAN REMAINS FROM MENGYIN,SHA NTUNG

INTRODUCTION The Dinosaur beds of Mengyin are one of the localities known to con-tain fossil reptiles in China.This site was surveyed about ten years ago byTan and Zdansky and the material studied by Professors C.Wiman~1 and     

一类新的环境有害物质——环境持久性自由基(EPFRs)的研究进展

环境持久性自由基(Environmental Persistent Free Radicals,EPFRs)是相对传统关注的短寿命自由基而提出的.EP-FRs在环境中广泛存在,具有更强的环境持续性和毒性,更容易引发肺部和心血管疾病.本文概述了EPFRs的产生机理、存在介质及其危害,尤其强调了对在土壤介质中和环境纳米材料(物质)在光催化过程产生的EPFRs开展研究的重要性,同时介绍了电子顺磁性共振(EPR)等主要检测方法,展望研究前景与方向,并更深层次的认识这类新的有机污染物的环境风险.     

1∶25万公众版地形图应用于1∶25万地质图的技术方法研究与探讨

现阶段,1∶25万地质图受地理底图涉密的限制,在地质工作和国民经济中的利用受到严重制约。2010年国家测绘局发布1∶25万公众版地形图,提供给社会作为公开出版之用,利用公开出版地形图可以编制精度要求不高的旅游图等示意性图件。本文开展了1∶25万公众版地形图应用于1∶25万地质图的实验研究,提出了一套将地质图套合在公众版地形图上的处理流程和方法:主要包括格式转换、坐标投影转换、地理要素替换、套合分析与处理、地图整饰等,实验结果存在200～500 m的无定向误差,可提供精度要求不高的地质图浏览、展示使用,较难应用到实际的地质工作中。     

宜昌上奥陶统钾质斑脱岩锆石U- Pb年龄、Lu- Hf同位素特征及其源区示踪意义

中扬子宜昌黄花场地区上奥陶统五峰组内出露多层钾质斑脱岩,斑脱岩以伊蒙混层黏土矿物为主,同时含六方双锥石英、锆石、磷灰石及铁质微球粒等,地球化学成分具有高钾、岛弧火山岩的特征。五峰组底部第一层斑脱岩ε_(Nd)(t)为-3.83,锆石U-Pb年龄445.4±2.0Ma,锆石ε_(Hf)(t)介于2.7～7.3之间,加权平均值为4.67±0.89,t_(DM2)值965～1249Ma,加权平均为1127±55Ma。五峰组中第八层斑脱岩ε_(Nd)(t)为-7.92,锆石U-Pb年龄444.1±2.2Ma,锆石ε_(Hf)(t)介于-6.6～-11.2之间,加权平均值为-8.74±0.88,t_(DM2)值1840～2130Ma,加权平均为1973±55Ma。斑脱岩的矿物成分、地球化学元素特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素特征表明其可能来自于早古生代扬子北缘秦岭地区的火山爆发,同时也限定了临湘组和五峰组界限年龄为(445.4±2.0)Ma,这些斑脱岩的频繁出现预示着晚奥陶世生物灭绝更替等重大地质事件的开端。