细菌在洞穴含铁沉积物形成过程中的作用

本文以贵州董哥洞岩壁分离出沉积Fe3 的菌株,在室内模拟铁细菌引起的沉积过程,探讨了细菌在洞穴含铁沉积物形成过程中的机制。结果表明,铁细菌对数生长期结束后,实验体系中的铁、钙开始沉积,且在约4h之内Fe3 和Ca2 的浓度降低至接近零。通过比较铁细菌作用后的岩石样品与未经微生物作用的岩石样品的X射线衍射和X射线荧光探针图谱,发现不论经过细菌作用与否,岩石样品中的元素和矿物成分均相同,主要元素均为Ca、Fe、Mn、Mg、P、Si和Al,矿物成分都有方解石、纤铁矿和粘土矿物。结合洞穴环境条件分析,指出细菌能够富集洞穴渗水中的铁离子,其生物成矿作用形成铁矿物和非晶质铁壳覆盖于洞穴沉积物表面,改变了洞穴沉积物的色泽。     

关于勘查实施方案审查制度实施情况的研究与建议

矿产勘查实施方案是开展科学找矿的科学依据以及政府实施探矿权管理的重要手段.自勘查实施方案管理实施以来,规范了探矿权市场秩序,坚决遏制“圈而不探”等违法行为.但是面临经济新常态、矿业转冷等新形势和新要求,急需进一步完善.本文提出了延长探矿权时间、调动探矿人积极性、发挥经济调节作用、实施绿色勘查、加强诚信体系建设等方面的制度建议.     

一种基于分区引导扇区控制的移动存储介质安全控制方法

结合Windows平台存储介质分区原理，给出一种基于逻辑分区引导扇区控制的移动存储介质的安全控制方法。从技术原理、USB设备的检测、对USB盘引导扇区部分的访问和修改以及对文件的格式修改等几个方面进行了阐述。最后给出了部分核心代码。     

CHANGING FEATURES AND TREND OF LIGHT INDUSTRY DISTRIBUTION IN NORTHEAST CHINA

Modern industry in northeast China started from light industry. From the end of 19th century to 1931 was the phase of initial development of light industry in northeast China. During this period, the development of light industry gave priority to grain processing industry. After occupying northeast China, Japanese vigorously developed heavy industry to meet the needs of munitions and paid more attention to raw materials and semi-finished articles industry for the purpose of the war. Light industry was impeded and developed slowly. After the founding of New China, large-scale economic construction took place in northeast and heavy industry received prior investment and equipment. Northeast region became the first heavy industry base through several five-year plans, the development of light industry made giant strides. The present features of light industry distribution are: difference of light industry distribution, similarity of light industry structure, and imbalance of light industry development. The     

Response of rotifer community to environmental changes in five shallow lakes in the middle reach of Changjiang River,China

We evaluated the response of a rotifer community to environmental changes in five shallow lakes in the middle reach of the Changjiang （Yangtze） River in summer and autumn 2010. These five lakes differed in trophic status and rotifer community structure. Twenty-nine rotifer species were collected, of which Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra dolichoptera, and Trichocerca elongate were dominant. The mean density, Shannon-Wiener diversity, and equitability among the five lakes differed significantly （P〈0.05）. The mean rotifer density was positively correlated with trophic state. The diversity was higher in lakes with high macrophyte coverage. The composition of rotifer species was closely associated with the trophic gradient. Five environmental variables, Secchi depth, conductivity, TN, NHa-N, and TP, significantly affected the composition of rotifer species. Keratella quadrata, Brachionus calyciflorus, and B. forficula were more common in eutrophic conditions. Our results suggest that eutrophication has a significant influence on the rotifer community structure and highlight the potential for using rotifer community structure as an indicator of trophic status in subtropical lakes.     

中国岩溶碳汇过程与效应研究成果及展望

我国是世界能源消费和CO₂总排放量第一大国,碳减排任务艰巨,责任重大。据调查,我国岩溶碳汇与森林、土壤碳汇在同一数量级,但其要在国家层面发挥重大作用,其影响因素及机理需要进一步调查和阐释,估算精度还有待提高。系统总结了流域尺度岩溶碳循环过程,并重点揭示了生物作用对岩溶碳循环的影响;研究了水圈二氧化碳的再循环规律;评估了外源水对岩溶作用的影响程度和促进强度;利用数学回归模型估算区域岩溶碳汇通量,提高了由点到面岩溶碳汇通量估算精度,并提出增加岩溶碳汇潜力技术途径,为我国岩溶碳汇通量科学估算提供支撑。     

我国甜菜糖工业合理区位问题

甜菜糖工业是我国制糖工业的重要部门之一,其产量约占我国制糖工业总产量的1/5左右。为实现我国食糖自给,党和政府采取一系列措施,促进了甜菜糖工业的迅速发展。1981年全国甜菜糖产量已达到64万吨,比1980年增长73％,相当于建国初期(1949年)的60多倍。甜菜糖工业的布局也有很大的变化。但也暴露出一些问题需要研     

历史时期中国造纸业的分布与变迁

本文论述了自汉代发明造纸术以来,我国造纸业的分布及其变迁。指出随着政治经济中心的地理转移,造纸业发生明显的地理变迁。原料、燃料、水源的分布与保证程度及交通条件等也是主要的影响因素。     

藏南扎西康大型铅锌银锑多金属矿床叠加改造成矿作用初探

扎西康铅锌银锑多金属矿具有多期多阶段的复杂成矿的特征。结合对区域成矿带、典型矿石结构构造、闪锌矿Fe含量变化、金属成矿元素分带性以及流体演化特征的分析,初步识别和探讨了扎西康多金属矿床叠加改造发生过程:在特提斯喜马拉雅锑金矿带形成前,扎西康即已经是一个粗晶脉状铅锌矿床。后碰撞阶段,地壳伸展,热活动强烈。以岩浆驱动大气水循环形成的地热水为主的区域富锑流体,流经扎西康,早期硫化物成为后期流体沉淀的有效化学障。流体对早期矿体形成的角砾产生再活化、溶蚀、交代作用,活化出铅、锌等元素,形成新的混合流体。该流体在NS向正断层发生运移、充填成矿,此时锌仍以闪锌矿重结晶、沉淀,但其中的铁含量已经降低,而铅与锑等形成硫盐矿物,当Pb被硫盐矿物消耗后则形成辉锑矿。综上,扎西康铅锌银锑多金属矿床是青藏高原陆陆碰撞造山背景下典型的叠加改造型矿床。     

西藏冈底斯南缘碰撞后渐新世成矿作用——来自帕南钼矿床的Re-Os同位素年龄证据

帕南矿床是西藏山南地区冲木达-努日矿集区东缘新发现的一个斑岩型钼矿床。野外勘查发现矿区内与成矿作用有关的二长花岗斑岩呈脉状侵入到古新世花岗闪长岩中,并引起斑岩体内部和围岩发生强烈的辉钼矿矿化和热液蚀变作用。辉钼矿矿化主要产于平直石英细脉内,部分呈浸染状分布于脉体围岩中。本文对帕南斑岩型钼矿床的4件辉钼矿样品进行了Re-Os同位素测试,其模式年龄为31.34~31.83 Ma,平均值为31.66±0.22 Ma,并有较好的等时线年龄(32.4±1.5 Ma,MSWD=1.5)。等时线年龄与模式年龄在误差范围内一致,表明该年龄应该代表帕南矿床的矿化年龄。这一年龄值与冲木达-努日成矿带的成矿作用时间大致相当(30~23 Ma),显示出帕南矿床与成矿带内其它矿床可能具有相似的成矿动力学背景。然而,帕南矿床的成矿时代略早于区内其它矿床,表明冲木达-努日成矿带的成矿作用应始于32 Ma左右,而成矿作用则可能与碰撞后的加厚岩石圈地幔拆沉有关。