考虑结构-土-结构相互作用的区域建筑群震害评估

建筑群震害评估计算对城市区域地震损失评估和震后快速援助救灾有着重要意义。考虑到地震中建筑物相互作用对震害的影响,进行考虑结构间相互作用的区域建筑群震害评估计算。在已有的基于结构—土—结构动力相互作用(SSSI)分析的简化离散模型基础上,扣除基础转动对输出响应的影响,引入基础上部建筑结构非线性多自由度模型,得到考虑SSSI的简化的非线性多自由度离散模型,建立考虑SSSI的区域建筑群震害评估方法。以四川大学望江校区的建筑群在汶川地震中的震害评估为例,采用该方法对该校区建筑群在汶川地震中的震害进行评估计算。同时,也对未考虑SSSI情况下的该校区建筑群震害进行计算。运用HAZUS对建筑群在汶川地震中的震害进行计算。通过对比分析实际震害调查数据、HAZUS震害计算结果和本文建筑群震害计算结果可知,相比HAZUS震害计算结果,本文建筑群震害计算结果更接近实际震害调查数据;与未考虑SSSI的建筑群震害计算结果相比,考虑SSSI的建筑群震害计算结果精确度更高,更能反映建筑群的实际震害情况。     

基于单三轴试验与直剪试验的层状软岩模拟

为探究模型试验中层状软岩模拟方法,依托九绵高速层状软岩隧道现场取样的室内试验结果,多次试验确定重晶石粉、石英砂、石膏粉、滑石粉和水的最优配比以模拟软岩基体,采用带孔薄膜模拟层理弱面的黏结作用,并通过直剪试验确定孔隙率,最后对不同层理角度与层理厚度的试样开展直剪与单、三轴试验以反映各向异性情况。结果表明：软岩基体模拟最优配比为0.55:0.15:0.07:0.06:0.17,重晶石粉对强度及破坏变形起决定作用,含量过低易压溃,含量过高产生上下贯通裂缝;采用30%孔洞率的薄膜模拟层理效果最佳;土样强度随层角呈U形变化,层厚减小（不小于2 cm）,强度减小。直剪试验中,45º层理剪切面朝层理方向倾斜,90º层理导致剪切面上下产生裂缝与碎裂,单三轴结果中,0º层理会产生小角度倾斜裂缝,45º层理产生垂直层理面的斜裂缝及二次破裂,90º层理产生顺层理的竖向劈裂;与现场结果对照后确定最优层厚为 3 cm,对层角与层厚的直剪与单三轴试验结果整体一致,揭示土样孔隙压密闭合−弹性−塑性胀裂破坏−徐变的过程。     

准噶尔盆地西北缘三叠系地层格架的建立——来自岩性、地震、测井及地化方面的证据

准噶尔盆地西北缘三叠系一直是我国重要的油气攻关层位,然而其地层发育情况却长期存在争议,尤其是精细层位划分以及内部是否存在不整合界面的问题。本次研究结合了前人研究成果、岩性、测井、地震资料,并以野外露头研究为基础,通过对深底沟—大侏罗沟、花园沟、黑油山沟、吐孜沟、水库沟5条野外剖面的考察,识别出各类标志层以及J/T、T/C、T3/T2、T2k2/T2k1、S6/S7界线,认为三叠系内部并不缺失S2、S3(砂组,位于T2k2),并可区分出此二层位,随即建立起多个野外剖面的时空对应关系;此外,本次研究还通过不同岩性岩石测井响应特征将下三叠统划分为3段6砂组,将上三叠统划分为3段7砂组,将中三叠统则更细划分为2段7砂组14小层,并通过元素地层学方法对层位进行了局部检验。     

基于图像测量的花键套端面尺寸检测

设计了一套基于图像测量技术的花键套端面尺寸检测系统,采用高分辨率工业相机获取零件图像信息,使用相机标定技术标定相机参数,以校正光学系统导致的零件图像畸变,通过图像处理技术处理并分析图像,得到图像特征尺寸信息,最后采用分区域标定像素当量的方法得到零件实际尺寸.使用该检测系统与三坐标测量仪检测系统进行对比实验,实验结果显示,该系统尺寸检测结果与三坐标测量仪检测结果比照相差不超过10 μm.每个零件检测时间不超过20 s,速度远远快于平均检测时间需约2 min的三坐标测量仪检测方法,因此在满足检测精度的基础上大大提高了检测速度,实现了花键套尺寸批量检测.     

Comparison of Liquid Water Content Retrievals for Airborne Millimeter-Wave Radar with Different Particle Parameter Schemes

In the application of the physical iterative method to retrieve millimeter-wave radar liquid water content(LWC) and liquid water path(LWP), particle parameter scheme is the main factor affecting retrieval performance. In this paper, synchronous measurements of an airborne millimeter-wave radar and a hot-wire probe in stratus cloud are used to compare the LWC retrievals of the oceanic and continental particle parameter scheme with diameter less than 50μm and the particle parameter scheme with diameter less than 500μm and 1500μm(scheme 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, and scheme4, respectively). The results show that the particle parameter scheme needs to be selected according to the reflectivity factor when using the physical iterative method to retrieve the LWC and LWP. When the reflectivity factor is less than-30 d BZ, the retrieval error of scheme 1 is the minimum. When the reflectivity factor is greater than-30 d BZ, the retrieval error of scheme 4 is the minimum. Based on the reflectance factor value, the LWP retrievals of scheme 4 are closer to the measurements, the average relative bias is 5.2%, and the minimum relative bias is 4.4 %. Compared with other schemes,scheme 4 seems to be more useful for the LWC and LWP retrieval of stratus cloud in China.     

Genetic study of Kelp “901” strain

Based on DNA extraction and optimization of random amplified reaction (RAPD) to the gametophytes and sporophytes of Kelp “901” strain, genetic study on variation was conducted to its parents and offsprings of F6, F7,Fs, and F9 generation. RAPD results have shown that among 30 selected primers for gametophytes, 297 loci ranging from 200 to 3 000 bp were obtained in the average of 9,9 loci for each primer, This indicated a high polymorphic rate with RAPD detection. UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average) analysis showed that each male and female gametophyte of a generation could be clustered into one pair separately. The genetic distances of the Kelp 901 generation were 0.321 2-0.476 7, and the maximum was between F7 and Fs (0.476 7). Identity analysis showed that F6 generation was more close to the female parent (0.659 3), and F7 generation was more close to the male parent (0.5788). To the sporophytes study in 24 selected primers for RAPD amplification, 191 loci ranging from 230-2 800 bp were obtained, in the average to each primer of 8.0 loci. The heterozygosity to six populations were male parent (0.223 9),female parent (0.107 2), F6 (0.216 4), F7 (0.228 6), F8 (0.229 6) and F9 (0.317 2). The nearest genetic distance was 0.083 5 (Fs, F9). Total heterozygosity (HT) ofF6, F7, F8 and F9 generations was 0.318 6, the average heterozygosity (Hs) for F6,F7, F8 and F9 generations was 0.248 0, and deduced coefficient of population differentiation (Gst) was 22.2%. Six sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) were preliminary screened through RAPD analysis. It needed to be verified in detail as they are significant for molecular marker assistance in breeding and selecting Laminaria.     

天堂西藏

美丽富饶的西藏自治区位于祖国西南边陲，地处青藏高原西南部，有“世界屋脊”之称。全区90％为藏族，其余有汉及门巴、珞巴、蒙古等民族。     

9069244型轴承的修复

9069244型轴承是北京800型钻机转盘的关键零件,使用中常发生内圈断裂、珠架磨损变形等现象.有时一套新的轴承按上,用不到两、三个月就坏.拆旧换新,这样换下的旧轴承扔在旧料堆就成了废料,另一方面,有时因买不到轴承而影响了生产.     

高速公路路基沉降预测的神经网络模型

软土地基的沉降控制是保证高速公路建设质量的一个关键技术.论文主要介绍了一个对高速公路路基沉降进行预测的神经网络模型.对神经网络的BP算法进行了改进,提高了BP算法的学习收敛速度和网络性能的稳定性.神经网络法预测路基沉降的难点之一是合适的训练样本构造问题,论文提出了新颖独特的“训练样本”构造方法,且应用效果良好.利用路基沉降量实测资料直接建模,采用BP网络计算的改进算法,可较为准确地预测大约4个月之后的沉降量,预测值与实测值吻合较好.