基于线性光谱混合模型的高光谱遥感岩矿分类研究

针对高光谱遥感信息冗余多、波段相关性比较强的特点,对预处理的影像进行最小噪声分离(Minimum Noise Fraction,MNF)实现降维和去相关,然后利用纯净像元指数(Pixel Purity Index,PPI)进行端元选择,最终选择斜钠钙石、阳起石、水铝石、斧石、锌蒙脱石5种端元,基于线性光谱混合模型利用IDL语言编程实现Cuprite地区高光谱影像矿物的分类。利用kappa系数对实验分类结果进行精度分析,验证了基于线性光谱混合模型进行高光谱矿物分类的有效性,从而更好地进行矿物识别研究。     

钢尾渣综合利用的两种新途径

我国作为世界上最大的钢铁生产国,每年排放钢渣约8000万t,利用率却只有22%(中国资源综合利用协会,2011)。目前钢渣的利用主要是回收其中的铁,一般采用多段破碎多段干法磁选的方法得到渣钢或富铁钢渣作为炼钢或炼铁的原料,而尾渣部分大部分被堆弃。最近几年钢渣热     

矿渣-海水湿排粉煤灰复合胶凝材料的制备

众所周知,矿渣、粉煤灰等大宗工业废渣,作为辅助性胶凝材料应用于水泥及混凝土中以来,人们越来越重视对它们的研究(王薇,2008)。目前粉煤灰按排放工艺不同分为干排粉煤灰和湿排粉煤灰。湿排粉煤灰又分为淡水排粉煤灰和海水排粉煤灰。在粉煤灰资源化过程中,海水湿排粉     

海冰反照率参数化方案的研究回顾

在全球变暖的背景下,北极海冰在发生快速变化,海冰覆盖范围明显减小,厚度显著变薄,积雪/海冰—反照率正反馈机制在此背景下变得愈发重要。气候系统和单一海冰模式采用了从简单到复杂的海冰反照率参数化方案。首先对模式中的海冰反照率参数化进行了回顾,并结合对现有卫星反照率产品问题的分析,概述了前人对参数化的评估研究工作。在此基础上进一步讨论了气候模式中海冰反照率参数化方案存在的问题,一方面目前的反照率参数化对海冰融池和冰间水道等物理过程的考虑还不够完善,另一方面反照率参数化方案的发展受到观测数据可用性的制约。最后对参数化的发展方向进行了初步探讨。     

A numerical study on water diversion ratio of the Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary in dry season

We studied the flood, ebb and tidal averaged along (net) water diversion ratio (WDR) during dry season in the Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary, China, along with the effects of northerly wind, river discharge, tide and their interactions on WDR using the improved version of three-dimensional numerical model ECOM. Using data for annual mean wind speed and river discharge during January, we determined that the flood, ebb, net WDR values in the North Branch of the estuary were 3.48%, 1.68%, −4.06% during spring tide, and 4.82%, 2.34%, −2.79% during neap tide, respectively. Negative net WDR values denote the transport of water from the North Branch into the South Branch. Using the same data, the corresponding ratios were 50.09%, 50.92%, 54.97%, and 52.33%, 50.15%, 43.86% in the North Channel and 38.56%, 44.78%, 103.96%, and 36.92%, 43.17%, 60.97% in the North Passage, respectively. When northerly wind speed increased, landward Ekman transport was enhanced in the North Branch, increasing the flood WDR, while the ebb WDR declined and the net WDR exhibited a significant decrease. Similarly, in the North Channel, the flood WDR is increased, the ebb WDR reduced, and the net WDR showed a marked decrease. In the North Passage, the flood WDR also increased while the ebb and net WDR declined. As the river discharge increased, the flood and ebb WDR of the North Branch increased slightly and the net WDR increased markedly. In the North Channel the flood and ebb WDR changed very slightly, while the net WDR declined during spring tides and increased during neap tides. The WDR in the North Passage changed slightly during flood and ebb tides while the net WDR showed a marked increase. The WDR values of different bifurcations and the responses to northerly wind, river discharge, and tide are discussed in comparison with variations in river topography, horizontal wind-induced circulation, and tidal-induced residual current.     

行星边界层急流结构数值分析

利用行星边界层初值分析方法对行星边界层内急流结构进行数值分析。根据1979年6月10日20时华南地区的地面和850mb观测资料,计算得到边界层内各个层次的风场。计算结果与实况比较一致,并且清楚地显示出急流的细致结构。     

台风“布拉万”过境黄海时的异常增温事件研究

海洋对台风的响应通常表现为海表温度的降低,然而,出现在2012年8月的台风"布拉万"在经过黄海时却引起朝鲜半岛木浦沿岸海域海表的增温(而非降温),且增温幅度达4.2°C。本研究详细分析了此次异常事件的时空特征,并探讨了其可能的成因。结果发现,此次事件的产生和黄海表层冷水斑块(Surface Cold Patch,SCP)存在密切关系,并恰好出现在木浦SCP所在位置。上升流和潮混合是木浦SCP的两大形成机制,此次增温事件主要是台风"布拉万"通过抑制其生成机制之一的上升流而导致降温不足之故。具体而言,台风"布拉万"过境时位于木浦SCP的左侧,其上的北向风应力带来向岸的Ekman输运,造成外围暖水在木浦SCP地区堆积,从而抑制了该地区原本的上升流(甚至变为下降流)。