安徽贵池地区富硒土壤地球化学特征及开发利用潜力

为了解安徽贵池地区富硒土壤特征与潜力,服务当地富硒土地资源开发,选择贵池西部开展土壤地球化学测量试验,探讨Se、I等有益元素的富集特征、成因及潜力,Cd、As等有害元素的超标特征及成因等,结合研究区土壤中有益、有害元素特征,讨论富硒土地资源及其开发优势。发现表层和深层土壤中Se等有益元素含量总体较高,其中Se含量达到富硒土地标准的表层土壤点位占全部样品点位的76%;表层土壤中Cd含量超标的点位占48%,其他有害元素仅个别点位超标,Cd是制约该地区富硒土地资源开发的主要不利因素。在研究区圈定了61.4 km2的富硒土地资源,认为研究区东部土壤富硒的物质来源是二叠系灰岩,可以利用当地灰岩提升富硒土地资源品质,降低生态风险。     

Experimental Study on Hydrocarbon Formation Due to Reactions Between Carbonates and Water or Water—Bearing Minerals in Deep Earth

In order to investigate the mechanism of formation of abiogenetic hydrocarbons at the depth of the Earth,experimental research on reactions between carbonates and water or waterbearing minerals was carried out at the pressure of about 1GPa and the temperature range of 800-1500℃.The reactions took place in an open and nonequilibrium state.Chromatographic analyses of the gas products indicate that in the experiments there were generated CH4-dominated hydrocarbons,along with some CO2 and CO.Accordingly,we think there is no essential distinction between free-state water and hydroxy in the minerals in the process of hydrocarbon formation.This study indicates that reactions between carbonates and water or water-bearing minerals should be an important factor leading to the formation of abiogenetic hydrocarbons at the Earth‘s depth.     

Dehydration—Melting Experiments on the Khondalite Series,North Segment of Helan Mountain—I.Determination of Critical Melt Fraction

Dehydration-melting experiments were conducted on granulite and Al-gneiss,the two most representative rock-types of the khondalite series in the northern segment of the Helan Mountain.The critical melting fraction was determined to be 30% in volume,which is of great significance with respect to the P-T-t path of metamorphism and granite generation in the region.     

Reworking Intensity—A Key Factor Leading to the Formation of Superlarge Gold Deposits in Greenstone Belts and Metamorphosed Microclastic Rocks in China

The greenstone belt and metamorphosed microclastic rock-type superlarge gold deposits in China are hosted in metamorphic rocks and later intrusive bodies.Sedimentation.regional metamorphism and mineralization contributed a lot to the formation of the deposits,so did remelting magmatic process to some deposits,but the deposits were finally formed by reworking processes.The key factor leading to the formation of superlarge gold deposits is the reworking intensity,which for superlarge gold deposits is reflected by the large-scale reworked source rocks and even ore materials of various sources,strongly oxidized ore-forming fluids with a long and repeated active history and stable geothermal heat current.The factor which decides the reworking intensity is the network consisting of structures of different classes.     

钻石颜色分级条件浅析

颜色是钻石4C评估中的一个重要指标,也是决定钻石档次和价格的一个重要依据。作者结合实践体会对颜色分级条件进行了分析,并提出了注意要点。     

洞庭湖面积容积与水位关系及调蓄能力评估

洞庭湖水位,直接影响到湖泊面积、容积等的变化,加剧水患危机,并由此引发严重的洪涝灾害。本文通过大量遥感成果的分析总结,建立了洞庭湖湖泊面积、容积与水位关系及蓄洪调节评估数学模型。     

石油勘探开发综合技术的应用—以苏北油田沙埝块断为例

从沙埝油田地质条件和地面条件的复杂性出发,在该油田产能建设中针对性地应用了石油勘探开发综合技术。重点介绍了三维地震处理解释一体化技术、储层横向预测技术、油藏工程研究技术的应用及取得良好的效果和显著经济效益的情况。说明多学科相互渗透的综合技术是油田发展的重要途径。     

改造型盆地评价及其油气系统研究方法—以中国南方中、古生界海相地层为例

通过对中国南方中、古生界油气地质的综合研究及勘探总结,初步提出了一套改造型残留盆地或叠合盆地评价及其油气系统研究的方法,其基本思路是强调进行了油气地质“动态演化”研究,主要通过拟三维盆地模拟反演主要烃源岩的时空演化,生烃过程以及不同地质阶段中的生烃强度,资源量,结合古今油气藏的解剖,癖结油气成藏－破坏规律,结合古构造的分析,研究油气运聚指向,给合主要构造运动期对中国南方中,古生界主要油气系统的影响分析,进行分阶段的动态演化研究,认为中国南方中,古生界油气勘探的现实对象是次生油气系统及再生烃油气系统,现存的原生油系统很少,提出了中国南方新区中,古生界油气勘探的有利区为石柱复向斜西侧高陡背斜带,苏北盆地阜宁－盐城－海安－兴化－宝应地区,江汉盆地沉湖地区南部潜江－仙档－牌州－汊渗1井地区,江西南鄱阳盆地及楚雄盆地北部凹陷,这一认识已经得到苏北盆地盐城凹陷朱家墩气田及江汉盆地沉湖地区南部开先台西含油构造勘探发现的证实。     

油气通过泥岩盖层渗滤散失机制分析

从受力平衡角度出发,分析了油气通过泥岩盖层渗滤散失的机理,根据泥岩盖层较高的排替奢力和在特定条件下具有异常孔隙流体压力,论证了油气不能通过泥岩支的孔隙发生渗滤散失,油气只能通过泥岩盖层的薄弱处－断层或裂缝而发生渗滤散失,其机制主要是由于断裂或裂缝的形成,使泥岩盖层在此处于隙喉道半径增大,排潜压力降低,异常孔隙流体压力释放,封闭能力降低,油气能量大于泥岩盖层的封闭能力,从而使油气通过断裂或裂缝渗滤散失,油气通过泥岩盖层断裂或裂缝的渗滤散失作用均具周期性。     

Crystallization Velocity Equation and Kinetics Mechanism of Plagioclase Oscillatory Zoning

This study,based on the physico-chemistry principle,establishes the mathematics model of the genesis of plagioclase osicllatory zoning,based on the crystal grouth principle ,the plagioclase crystallization velocity equation has been put forward.This equation has such a feedback character as “superasturation-nucleation-depletion cycle“ .Small-scale oscillatory zoning is attributable to self-organization,and has no bearing on environmental factors,Its genesis is corresponding to a relatively static environment.