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自中新生代以来,在松嫩平原巨大的断陷盆地内沉积了巨厚的古近-新近系和第四系沉积物,形成了由潜水和承压水组成的大型蓄水构造。该区潜水和第四系承压水氟含量较高,在194个样品中,氟的均值为3.45mg/L,范围值为0.25~14mg/L。饮用高氟地下水导致氟中毒大规范流行。研究表明高氟地下水主要分布在山前补给区-蒸发排泄区的过渡带和盆地中部地下水强烈蒸发带,地下水化学类型为HCO3-Na·Mg和HCO3-Cl·Na型,总溶解性固体含量为689.84~2005.6mg/L。高氟水的形成与气候、水文、地质构造、岩石与土壤、水文地质和水化学条件等自然因素有关,同时受不合理开采地下水等人为因素的影响。开展氟病区地下水环境特征和高氟水成因研究对于有效实施安全供水有重要意义。 相似文献
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Analysis of sensible heat flux(Qh),latent heat flux(Qe),Richardson number(Ri),bulk transport coefficient(Cd) and katabatic winds are presented by using the meteorological data in the near surface layer from an automatic weather station(AWS) in Princess Elizabeth Land,East Antarctica ice sheet and the data of corresponding period at Zhongshan station in 2002.It shows that annual mean air temperature at LGB69 is-25.6°C,which is 16.4°C lower than that at Zhongshan,where the elevation is lower and located on the coast.The temperature lapse rate is about 1.0°C/110 m for the initial from coast to inland.The turbulence heat flux at LGB69 displays obvious seasonal variations with the average sensible heat flux-17.9 W/m2 and latent heat flux-0.9 W/m2.The intensity(Qh Qe) of coolling source is-18.8 W/m2 meaning the snow surface layer obtains heat from atmosphere.The near surface atmosphere is near-neutral stratified with bulk transport coefficients(Cd) around 2.8×10-3,and it is near constant when the wind speed higher than 8 m/s.The speed and the frequency of easterly Katabatic winds at LGB69 were higher than that at Zhongshan Station. 相似文献
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ANTARCTIC SEA ICE AND THE POLAR VORTEX INDEX:TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
The cluster analysis method has been used to divide the Antarctic sea ice variation field into 5 sectors.Then,foreach of these sectors,the corresponding indexes of vortex area and vortex intensity on the 500 hPa level have been calcu-lated.These data were used to analyse the temporal and spatial characteristics of both Antarctic sea ice and the vortexindex variations and their relationship.Our results show that substantial differences are presented in the climatic patternand interannual variations of the sea ice data and vortex index in different sectors.The maximum sea ice extent varia-tions appear in sector 1 and sector 4.Oscillation periods of 2—2.5 and 5—7 years exist in the variations of sea ice extentand vortex index in most sectors.A positive trend is only found in sector 1 sea ice extent while the other sectors shownegative trends.The average extent of the Antarctic sea ice as a whole has retreated at a rate of 1.6 latitudes per 100years.The vortex areas for all sectors have decreased.Nevertheless,the vortex intensities in 3 sectors have increased.Therelationship between sea ice and vortex characters in each sector is obvious,but a little complex.Sectors 1 and 5,whichare located in the Southeast Pacific and South Atlantic,are the most sensitive areas in terms of sea ice/atmosphereinteraction. 相似文献
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Using sea ice concentration dataset covering the period of 1968-2002 obtained from the Hadley Center of UK, this paper investigates characters of Antarctic sea ice variations .The finding demonstrates that the change of mean sea-ice extent is almost consistent with that of sea-ice area, so sea-ice extent can be chosen to go on this research. The maximum and the minimum of Antarctic sea ice appear in September and February respectively. The maximum and the maximal variation of sea ice appear in Weddell Sea and Ross Sea, while the minimum and the minimal variation of sea-ice appear in Antarctic Peninsula. In recent 35 years, as a whole, Antarctic sea ice decreased distinctly. Moreover, there are 5 subdivision characteristic regions considering their different variations. Hereinto, the sea-ice extent of Weddell Sea and Ross Sea regions extends and area increases, while the sea-ice extent of the other three regions contracts and area decreases. They are all of obvious 2-4 years and 5-7 years significant oscillation periods. It is of significance for further understanding the sea-ice-air interaction in Antarctica region and discussing the relationship between sea-ice variation and atmospheric circulation. 相似文献
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针对松嫩平原西部地下水潜水位变化对环境产生影响的现状,运用GIS-PModflow联合系统确定了地下水环境预警警戒线,采用以不至于发生土壤盐碱化的潜水临界水位作为上警戒线值,以潜水开采极限深度作为下警戒线值。在对系统模型概化的基础上,进行了潜水位的数值模拟和预报。利用GIS空间分析方法对图像数据进行栅格叠加和属性判断,通过对预报水位与警戒水位对比,进行水环境预警。结果表明,研究区2015年的警情较1999年增加,且以灌溉后潜水位上升引起的土壤次生盐渍化的警情为主。 相似文献