三峡库区重庆段水土流失的时空格局特征

Soil and water loss has been the most serious eco-environmental problem in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing. In this paper the authors studied the spatiotemporal features of soil and water loss from 1999 to 2004 based on RS and GIS techniques. The results showed that: (1) The soil and water loss area decreased from 1999 to 2004. (2) Soil and water loss mainly exists in purple soil, yellow soil, limestone soil, paddy soil and yellow brown soil distributed areas. (3) The dry slope land and sparse woodland that are intensively influenced by human activities experienced most serious soil and water loss. (4) Soil and water loss in the study area indicated an obvious vertical differentiation characteristic. (5) There is a significant correlation between soil and water loss and slope. (6) There is no obvious correlation between soil and water loss and aspect. (7) Soil and water loss mainly exists in the values of R between 300 and 340 distribution area. The very-high soil and water loss has obvious correlation with R. Foundation: National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40801077; Science & Technology Research Project Supported by Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, No.KJ070811; Doctoral Fund of Chongqing Normal University, No.06XLB004; Project by Chongqing Water Conservancy Bureau Author: Li Yuechen (1974–), Ph.D and Associate Professor, specialized in the study of remote sensing application and land use/land cover change.     

首都生态经济区的提出及其战略构想

北京作为全国的政治、经济、文化中心,具有强大的综合创新优势,必须在实现经济体系高效性与生态系统稳定性上做出表率,建设首都生态经济区是北京山区科学发展的必然趋势。首都生态经济区地域范围为北京的七山区县,其建设要以"两山、五河、七组团"为空间结构,以"一区、三基地、一平台"为框架性目标。作为探索北京山区环境、经济与社会协调发展的路径,建设首都生态经济区是优化山区生态环境建设的现实需要,符合山区发展转型的客观要求,具有重要的科学意义、实践基础和理论依据,应遵循打破行政界限、生态主导发展等原则,力争用10-15年的时间,建设生态产业经济带(走廊)、拓展生态经济区地域空间范围、打造中国北部生态经济增长极,以建设成北京绿色崛起先导区和全国生态经济示范区。     

塔里木盆地英买力地区滩坝薄砂岩敏感属性融合地震预测

英买力白垩系舒善河组滩坝薄砂岩是目前塔里木盆地塔北隆起带岩性勘探的有利区和目标储层,薄砂岩储层准确预测是英买力地区勘探成功的关键.通过岩心、测井与地震等资料研究及岩石物理分析建立了滩坝薄砂岩地质模型,模型正演、地震响应特征分析及储层敏感参数优选表明滩坝薄砂岩与均方根振幅及测井伽马呈强相关.利用地震波形横向高分辨率和钻井垂向高分辨率经地震相控波形反演获得滩坝薄砂岩的高分辨伽马数据体,以地震沉积学地层切片技术提取伽马体和振幅体敏感属性地层切片,采用二维颜色融合法融合属性得到表征薄层砂岩空间变异性的融合属性.以融合属性进行薄砂岩刻画,预测了英买力地区2套滩坝薄砂岩储层、7个滩坝单砂体分布,并明确了滩坝单砂体的高部位是有利的钻探位置.     

海气相互作用对台风结构的影响

利用前期工作中耦合试验和未耦合试验对台风Krovanh(2003年)数值模拟的结果,分析了海-气相互作用对台风结构的影响。结果表明,台风引起的海面降温大大降低了海洋向大气输送的潜热通量,同时使得感热通量向下传递到海洋。另一方面,台风引起的海表面温度(SST)降低,反馈到台风使其结构轴不对称性加强,且在中高层尤为显著。分析了台风对称结构的基本特征。     

边坡工程中岩石力学参数随机模糊选取研究

岩石样本值既存在随机性,又存在模糊性。传统的统计方法不适应处理模糊性。采用随机-模糊处理方法对边坡工程中岩石力学参数进行分析,并对计算中的隶属函数取值及迭代方式进行了讨论。通过实例计算和分析认为,随机-模糊处理方法更符合实际,优于传统方法。     

A COMPOSITE STUDY OF RAINFALL ASYMMETRY OF TROPICAL CYCLONES AFTER MAKING LANDFALL IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

Based on observed rainfall data, this study makes a composite analysis of rainfall asymmetry in tropical cyclones(TCs) after making landfall in Guangdong province(GD) during 1998—2015. There are 3.0 TCs per year on average making landfall in GD and west of GD(WGD) has the most landfall TCs. Most of TCs make landfall in June,July, August, and September at the intensities of TY, STS, and TS. On average, there is more rainfall in the southwest quadrant of TC in CGD(center of GD), WGD, and GD as a whole, and the maximum rainfall is located in the southwest near the TC center. The mean TC rainfall in the east of GD(EGD) leans to the eastern side of TC. The TC rainfall distributions in June, July, August, and September all lean to the southwest quadrant and the maximum rainfall is located in the southwest near the TC center. The same features are found in the mean rainfall of TD, TS, STS, TY,and STY. The maximum rainfall is mainly in the downshear of vertical wind shear. Vertical wind shear is probably the dominate factor that determines asymmetric rainfall distribution of TCs in GD. Storm motion has little connection with TC rainfall asymmetry in GD.     

中国西南岩溶地区生态环境脆弱性及成因分析

岩溶环境是一种脆弱的生态环境。研究西南岩溶地区生态环境脆弱性的表现,并从水文地质环境和人类经济活动方面分析其成因。在此基础上提出西南岩溶地区生态环境问题防治对策。     

网络瘫痪及速度变慢的原因分析

随着新一代天气雷达监测网建设进程的推进,使得地(市)级多普勒雷达基地的气象信息网络升级至以KM三层交换机为核心的KM以太网,既采用km以太网作为骨干网,100M快速以太网到桌面的网络模型。由于网络的升级,原来在网络应用中的一些不规范的小错误,可能会突现出来,     

Viscosity of sea surface microlayer in Jiaozhou Bay and adjacent sea area

This study on the temporal and spatial variability of the viscosity and some chemical parameters in the sea surface microlayer (SML), the relationship between the viscosity and chemical parameters, and the influence of the viscosity on the mass transfer coefficient (K) in the flux of materials through the air-sea interface revealed that: The values of viscosity and some chemical parameters in the SML are higher than those in the sub-surface layer (SSL), and at daytime are higher than those at night. The viscosity has positive corelation with chemical oxygen demand (COD),dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and salinity. The “SML effect“ on K need not be considered because the SML effect on materials concentration is so small.     

城市地下管网的信息更新与辅助设计

针对已建城市地下管网信息系统的管网辅助设计与管网信息更新功能的局限性，进行了流程化、规范化的管网辅助设计；针对不同适用范围、数据源，开发了三套管网信息更新方案，使管网信息更新便捷、实用，并且实现了三套方案间数据文件组的相互转换。