全文获取类型
收费全文 | 251864篇 |
免费 | 4267篇 |
国内免费 | 3276篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 6681篇 |
大气科学 | 18657篇 |
地球物理 | 52549篇 |
地质学 | 86662篇 |
海洋学 | 20826篇 |
天文学 | 55415篇 |
综合类 | 975篇 |
自然地理 | 17642篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2208篇 |
2020年 | 2561篇 |
2019年 | 2822篇 |
2018年 | 2846篇 |
2017年 | 2569篇 |
2016年 | 5325篇 |
2015年 | 4139篇 |
2014年 | 6849篇 |
2013年 | 14137篇 |
2012年 | 6169篇 |
2011年 | 7205篇 |
2010年 | 6348篇 |
2009年 | 8961篇 |
2008年 | 7848篇 |
2007年 | 7186篇 |
2006年 | 9525篇 |
2005年 | 7517篇 |
2004年 | 7439篇 |
2003年 | 6925篇 |
2002年 | 6557篇 |
2001年 | 5883篇 |
2000年 | 5870篇 |
1999年 | 5177篇 |
1998年 | 5198篇 |
1997年 | 4991篇 |
1996年 | 4643篇 |
1995年 | 4389篇 |
1994年 | 4073篇 |
1993年 | 3815篇 |
1992年 | 3599篇 |
1991年 | 3572篇 |
1990年 | 3739篇 |
1989年 | 3495篇 |
1988年 | 3285篇 |
1987年 | 3831篇 |
1986年 | 3391篇 |
1985年 | 4205篇 |
1984年 | 4716篇 |
1983年 | 4387篇 |
1982年 | 4300篇 |
1981年 | 3906篇 |
1980年 | 3629篇 |
1979年 | 3501篇 |
1978年 | 3471篇 |
1977年 | 3271篇 |
1976年 | 3035篇 |
1975年 | 2953篇 |
1974年 | 2911篇 |
1973年 | 3070篇 |
1972年 | 2022篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
841.
Caroline M. Isaacs 《Geo-Marine Letters》1985,5(1):25-30
Although best known as a deposit rich in silica and organic matter, the Miocene Monterey Formation actually had long-term
rates of silica and organic Matter accumulation equal to or lower than values in the underlying and overlying detritus-rich
formations in the Santa Barbara coastal area. The factor Mainly influencing the composition of the Monterey Formation in this
area was the slow accumulation of terrigenous debris. In contrast, with greater than average silica abundance within the Monterey
Formation probably resulted from rapid short-term silica accumulation (of hundreds to tens of thousands years duration) rather
than from especially slow accumulation of diluting debris. 相似文献
842.
Two commonly used methods of simulating random time series, given a target power spectrum, are discussed. Wave group statistics, such as the mean length of runs of high waves, produced by the different simulation schemes are compared. The target spectra used are obtained from ocean measurements, and cover a wide range of ocean conditions. For a sufficiently large number of spectral components, no significant differences are found in the wave group statistics produced by the two simulation techniques. 相似文献
843.
This paper presents a method to evaluate statistical properties of half-cycle excursions including extreme values. The probability density function for half-cycle excursions for an arbitrarily given wave spectrum is developed based on the Gaussian assumption. The results of numerical computations carried out using wave data obtained during hurricane Camille show that the half-cycle probability density function agrees well with the histogram constructed from the data. The extreme wave height for design consideration computed with risk parameter 0.01 is approximately 20% greater than the observed extreme height. 相似文献
844.
Robert E. Salomon 《Ocean Engineering》1989,16(3)
A device for converting ocean wave energy into electricity utilizing a rocking buoy and a hydrogen pressure cell is described. The moored buoy contains a pneumatic tube filled with a dense liquid which rocks back and forth as a result of the ocean wave activity. Hydrogen gas, maintained above the dense fluid is alternatively compressed and expanded by the moving fluid. The hydrogen gas communicates with a hydrogen pressure cell and the resulting pressure difference across the cell leads to an electrical voltage and under load, to electrical power. 相似文献
845.
Richard J. Seymour 《Ocean Engineering》1986,13(5)
A class of turbidity flows is investigated in which sediment is entrained sufficient to balance losses and an equilibrium flow is sustained. The analytical models for predicting equilibrium flow configurations are surveyed. These are found to differ by two orders of magnitude in the required flow speeds. Five field observations of self-sustaining turbidity flows are investigated as a test for the analytical models. The model of Bagnold (1962) is found to have skill in predicting all of the field observations. The significance of these flows to the reliability of pipelines, cables and other engineering structures on continental shelves is considered. Circumstantial evidence is presented that suggests that these flows may be a mechanism for offshore flows of sand from beaches during major storms. 相似文献
846.
A new approach for the solution of the two-dimensional guillotine-cutting problem in ship production
A. Cemil Dikili 《Ocean Engineering》2004,31(8-9):1193-1203
A new approach has been developed for the arrangement of rectangular pieces in plates for the guillotine-cutting problem as encountered in ship production and similar manufacturing processes. The algorithm is quite novel in the sense that instead of making preliminary specifications and ignoring all the alternative arrangements, as is the case for most of the current models, it selectively considers feasible arrangements by eliminating the majority of the probable arrangements that render the problem insolvable. Intermediate steps of the algorithm produce results which cannot be obtained through integer programming. Losses are distributed to the minimum number of plates. The number of arrangement plans is also minimized. Overall the solution of the problem has been drastically simplified to allow even hand calculations instead of long computer runs. 相似文献
847.
Changes in soils and vegetation in a Mediterranean coastal salt marsh impacted by human activities 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
J. lvarez-Rogel F.J. Jimnez-Crceles M.J. Roca R. Ortiz 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):510-526
This paper reports changes in vegetation distribution and species cover in relation to soil factors and hydrology in a semiarid Mediterranean salt marsh adjacent to the Mar Menor saline lagoon. Species cover, soil salinity, and the groundwater level were monitored between 1991 and 1993 and between 2002 and 2004, and total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrates, ammonium and exchangeable phosphorus were measured in the soils in both study periods. In addition, three soil profiles were described in August 1992 and August 2004. The results indicate an elevation of the water table throughout the 13-year period, which was attributable to water flowing from areas with intensive agriculture. Flooding increased and soil salinity dropped in the most saline sites and increased in the least saline ones. The morphology of the soil profiles reflected the increase in flooding periods, due to the appearance of a greyer matrix in the deeper horizons and a more diffuse pattern of Fe mottles. Following these environmental changes, Sarcocornia fruticosa, Phragmites australis and Juncus maritimus strongly expanded at the wettest sites, which led to the disappearance of the original zonation pattern. The cover of Limonium delicatulum, in turn, decreased with the increase in moisture but increased following the increase in salinity. Changes in soil nutrients were only very evident in the sandy soils of the beach, probably due to the influence of organic debris deposited on the shoreline by the storms and due to the strong increase in the colonisation of this habitat by perennial species. According to the results obtained, control measures are needed in order to preserve habitat diversity in this and other salt marshes of this area. Monitoring of the vegetation distribution could be a useful tool to identify environmental impacts, in order to implement remedial actions. 相似文献
848.
During October 2003 an intensive oceanographic survey (BIOMEGA) was carried out in the Alboran Sea, coinciding with a migration event of the Western Alboran Sea Gyre (WAG). The observations gathered during that cruise constitute the first field evidence of a migrated stage of the WAG. In this work we present the main differences between the 3D hydrodynamic fields observed during BIOMEGA and those corresponding to a WAG located at its usual position. The migration of the gyre was followed by satellite (altimetry and sea surface temperature) imagery. The causes of the gyre migration are explored in terms of the quasi-geostrophic tendency equation, in particular of the dynamics governing scales larger than the Rossby radius of deformation. It is shown that the steady state gyre must be almost equivalent barotropic and that the key process to break down the stationarity would be a density advection at gyre scale. The mechanisms to explain the migration of the WAG proposed by previous authors are discussed in light of the explanation proposed in this work. 相似文献
849.
Robert S. Pomeroy Blake D. Ratner Stephen J. Hall Jate Pimoljinda V. Vivekanandan 《Marine Policy》2006,30(6):786-793
This paper examines lessons from past approaches to natural disasters, as well as early lessons from the post-2004 Asian tsunami rehabilitation, to draw out general principles for rehabilitating livelihoods in poor coastal communities. We contend that avoiding the mistakes of the past requires: (1) a framework for understanding the diversity of coastal people's livelihood strategies and the sources of their vulnerability, (2) a process for designing interventions that build on this understanding in order to strengthen and revitalize coastal communities, including a means of assessing and selecting the most promising livelihood options, and (3) a focus on the longer-term challenge of building future resilience and sustainability in the communities by addressing the root causes of vulnerability. 相似文献
850.
Darío R. Minkoff Mauricio Escapa Flix E. Ferramola Silvio D. Maraschín Jorge O. Pierini Gerardo M.E. Perillo Claudio Delrieux 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,69(3-4):403
The Bahía Blanca Estuary (38° 50′ S, and 62° 30′ W) presents salt marshes where interactions between the local flora (Sarcocornia perennis) and fauna (Chasmagnathus granulatus) generate some kind of salt pans that alter the normal water circulation and condition its flow and course towards tidal creeks. The crab–vegetation dynamics in the salt marsh presents variations that cannot be quantified in a reasonable period of time. The interaction between S. perennis plant and C. granulatus crab is based on simple laws, but its result is a complex biological mechanism that causes an erosive process on the salt marsh and favors the formation of tidal creeks. To study it, a Cellular Automata model is proposed, based on the laws deduced from the observation of these phenomena in the field, and then verified with measurable data within macroscale time units. Therefore, the objective of this article is to model how the interaction between C. granulatus and S. perennis modifies the landscape of the salt marsh and influences the path of tidal creeks. The model copies the basic laws that rule the problem based on purely biological factors.The Cellular Automata model proved capable of reproducing the effects of the interaction between plants and crabs in the salt marsh. A study of the water drainage of the basins showed that this interaction does indeed modify the development of tidal creeks. Model dynamics would likewise follow different laws, which would provide a different formula for the probability of patch dilation. The patch shape can be obtained changing the pattern that dilates. 相似文献