REE compositional characteristics of Hannuoba basalts

The Hannuoba basalts are a suite of associated rocks consisting of alkali basalts and tholeiites. The alkali basalts can be divided into the K-rich type and the Na-rich type, while the tholeiites are almost solely of the Na-rich type. These two types of basalt are characterized as being obviously rich in light rare earth elements, as is shown in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns exhibiting positive Eu anomalies. However, significant differences in (La / Yb)_N and Eu / Eu* ratios are noticed between these two types of basalt. They seem to have been derived from varying-degree partial melting of mantle rocks.     

南海热带气旋频数的气候预测方法

利用前期北半球500 hPa高度场格点资料、海温场(SST)格点资料,计算与后期热带气旋(TC)发生频数的相关系数,分析两个相关场显著相关区的统计特征,进一步分析其天气气候学意义和物理意义。选取若干相关系数高的格点,组成组合因子,建立二项式曲线方程,对影响南海以及登陆或影响广东的热带气旋,做年、月频数预测。预测试验和检验表明,二项式曲线预测模型有较高的拟合能力,在影响南海以及登陆或影响广东的热带气旋年、月频数预测中,有较好的效果。     

Characterisation of Three Sri Lankan Zircon Megacrysts as Potential Reference Materials for Microbeam U-Pb Geochronology and Hf-O-Zr Isotope Measurements

In situ U-Pb geochronology and hafnium, oxygen and zirconium isotope measurements in zircons using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and ion microprobe techniques can provide essential isotopic data to constrain geological evolutionary histories. Developing reliable zircon reference materials is the cornerstone for in situ zircon chronology and isotopic studies. In this study, the homogeneity of U-Pb ages and Hf-O-Zr isotope ratios in three Sri Lankan zircon megacrysts (SLZA, SLZB and SLZC) were investigated using multiple analytical methods. The obtained U, Th, Pb and Hf mass fractions of the SLZA zircon were 839 ± 56 μg g^-1 (1s), 151 ± 15 μg g^-1 (1s), 198 ± 28 μg g^-1 (1s) and 8635 ± 286 μg g^-1 (1s), respectively. The mass fractions of U, Th, Pb and Hf in the SLZB zircon were 1106 ± 106 μg g^-1 (1s), 331 ± 61 μg g^-1 (1s), 376 ± 57 μg g^-1 (1s) and 9673 ± 976 μg g^-1 (1s), respectively. The U, Th, Pb and Hf mass fractions determined in the SLZC zircon were 551 ± 35 μg g^-1 (1s), 111 ± 8 μg g^-1 (1s), 129 ± 18 μg g^-1 (1s) and 7881 ± 393 μg g^-1 (1s), respectively. The chemical abrasion isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass-spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS) method yielded a Th-corrected weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of 556.94 ± 1.29 Ma (95% conf., n = 5) for the SLZA zircon, 552.90 ± 1.29 Ma (95% conf., n = 7) for the SLZB zircon and 560.83 ± 1.29 Ma (95% conf., n = 7) for the SLZC zircon. The obtained Hf isotopic compositions of the SLZA, SLZB and SLZC zircons determined with the solution MC-ICP-MS method were 0.281651 ± 0.000014 (2s, n = 10), 0.281704 ± 0.000008 (2s, n = 10) and 0.281676 ± 0.000006 (2s, n = 10), respectively. The obtained O isotopes of the SLZA and SLZB zircons measured with the laser fluorination method were 12.14 ± 0.56‰ (2s, n = 4) and 11.91 ± 0.30‰ (2s, n = 4), respectively. The Zr isotopes of the SLZA, SLZB and SLZC zircons determined with double spike TIMS analysis yielded mean δ⁹⁴/⁹⁰Zr_SRM3169 values of -0.03 ± 0.06‰ (2s, n = 10), -0.03 ± 0.04‰ (2s, n = 10) and 0.00 ± 0.07‰ (2s, n = 8), respectively. The SLZA zircon can be used as a primary reference or quality control material for microbeam U-Pb, Hf and Zr isotope measurements because of its slight heterogeneity. The U-Pb, Hf and Zr isotopic compositions of the SLZB and SLZC megacrysts were homogeneous. The O isotopic compositions in the SLZA and SLZB zircon were slightly dispersed, indicating that these two megacrysts can only serve as secondary reference materials for microbeam O isotope measurements.     

西安市城市内涝模拟与损失灰色关联度研究

综合GIS技术与城市内涝基本原理,基于DEM、水文学原理、不透水面并考虑下渗、排水情况,模拟水流沿格网单元从高到低流动,按照坡度比例分配流量,形成不同降雨强度的城市内涝情景模拟,提取西安市几个典型的积水点淹没风险范围和分布特征等信息,并进行空间分析与数据验证,结果与实际相符。再叠加地表覆盖分类成果和统计年鉴数据,获取不同淹没风险范围内的人口、经济、交通、建筑物等数据,引入灰色关联理论对降雨量和损失因子的关联程度进行定量化,探讨综合影响因素中城市内涝损失的大小问题。结果表明：降雨量与经济损失因子的关联度最大,达到了0.823,与人口损失因子的关联度最小,为0.725,从大到小的顺序为：经济>建筑物>淹没面积>道路>人口。因此,提出充分考虑人为可控的城市内涝影响因子,合理控制城市用地扩展速度,提高土地利用效率的建议,旨在对城市内涝的管理、预测、决策等提供参考。     

混合0－1规划在地质勘查项目优选中的应用

本文针对地质勘查项目优选的主题，结合地质工作特征，尝试性地建立了单目标优化选择模型，并举实例说明了其应用。然后建立多目标优化选择模型。由于有计算机辅助系统，模型的可操性很强。     

滇中（楚雄）晚三叠世盆地成因机制、聚煤古地理类型与找煤方向

滇中盆地是在长期隆起的川滇古陆核（习称康滇古陆）于印支晚期经剧烈沉降形成的中、新生代沉积盆地。其中的晚三叠世含煤岩系是滇中与川西南重要含煤层位。通过对该区历年煤炭资源地勘资料、区域地质调查与科研成果的综合分析,在盆地成因、古构造活动与后期改造及聚煤古地理类型方面形成了新的认识,提出了在原大、中型煤矿区外围深部有利地带寻找隐伏煤田的具体意见,企盼滇中盆地的找煤工作有新的突破。     

肥东杂岩锆石U-Pb年龄和Lu-Hf同位素:对扬子克拉通统一结晶基底的限制

扬子克拉通广泛存在太古宙-古元古代的结晶基底,但关于扬子克拉通早前寒武纪基底形成和演化的基本问题尚未完全解决,特别是基底是由多个块体拼合而成还是一个统一的结晶基底尚无定论.对扬子北缘张八岭隆起内肥东杂岩的片麻岩、斜长角闪岩及侵入其中的花岗岩进行了同位素地质年代学和地球化学研究,发现片麻岩具有相似的原岩年龄,分别为2 4...     

10分钟平均最大风速与极大风速评估方程的建立

运用统计分析和气象统计预报的方法，对广东省8个气象站的日10分钟平均最大风速和日瞬间极大风速资料进行分析，发现这两种风速资料有较好的近似线性的关系。通过建立这两种风速的回归方程，获得判别这两风速记录的准确性及估计两风速数值的客观方法。     

华南地区1961-2008年暴雨事件的气候变化特征

根据华南地区110个气象站1961-2008年逐日降水资料,采用线性趋势法,对华南地区暴雨事件的时空变化特征进行了研究.结果表明:近48 a来,华南年暴雨降水频数呈不显著的上升趋势,上升速率为0.18次/10a,其中两广地区的东南和西部、海南省呈增加趋势,两广地区中部呈减少趋势;前汛期、后汛期暴雨降水频数均呈不显著的上...