Estimation of seawater movement based on reflectors from a seismic profile

Seismic oceanography is a new cross-discipline of reflection seismology and physical oceanography. The biggest difference between seismic oceanography and traditional reflection seismology is its research object of time-varied seawater. How to estimate the temporal variations of reflectors in water structure and make some corrections in seismic data are basic problems in seismic oceanography research. Here a method of estimation for seawater movement is provided based on the reflectors. The application results of this method to the simulated and field seismic data turn out to be acceptable. As compared with the previous research, this method has the advantages of low-dependence on migration velocity and dip of reflectors, and it is very suitable for correction in a spectral analysis using seismic data, which is very useful in the research of ocean energy budget.     

BCC_AVIM陆面过程模式冻融过程参数化的改进与检验

考虑冻融过程对陆气相互作用的重要性,参考国内外学者对于冻融过程的参数化方案研究,对BCC＿AVIM陆面过程模式的冻融过程参数化方案进行了改进与检验。改进的内容主要包括：（1）加入了过冷水概念,改进土壤冻结判断条件与含冰量更新标准;（2）加入平衡温度概念代替原方案中恒定的冻结温度;（3）在导水率的参数化方案之中加入不可渗透分数。用改进前后方案分别模拟玛曲站2018-2019年,2019-2020年两次冻融过程。发现改进后的方案在冻融过程中相比原方案：（1）增大了冻结状态温度模拟值、振幅减小、变化趋势更加接近实测;（2）增大了冻结状态中含水量的模拟值,变化趋势与实测相关性更好;（3）土壤中冰的产生日期延后,冰的融解日期提前,最大含冰量模拟减小;（4）冻融过程各阶段的转变日期模拟更接近实测;（5）新方案对于强冻融年份的模拟提升效果更优于弱冻融年份。     

CMIP6模式对青藏高原多年冻土变化的分析预估

利用国际耦合模式比较计划第六阶段（CMIP6）多模式的模拟结果,对比观测和青藏高原冻土图评估各模式对当前（1985-2014年）青藏高原与冻土相关气候变量以及多年冻土的模拟能力,并应用多模式集合平均的方法预估了未来4个SSP情景下2021-2040年、2041-2060年、2081-2100年高原多年冻土的变化趋势。结果表明：CMIP6各模式都能够较好地模拟出与冻土相关气候变量的分布特征与趋势,但对于气温的模拟有着较为明显的冷偏差,对于积雪的模拟明显偏大;利用冻结数模型（SFI）计算的当前多年冻土分布与青藏高原冻土图有较好的吻合,1985-2014年的表面多年冻土面积约为134.52×10⁴km²（包含湖泊和冰川面积）;随着气温的升高,21世纪青藏高原多年冻土呈现区域退化的趋势,在SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5、SSP3-7.0和SSP5-8.5情景下,青藏高原东部、南部以及北部边缘地区多年冻土呈现区域性退化,至2041-2060年间多年冻土面积分别减少13.81×10⁴ km²、19.51×1...     

Occurrence and light response of residual plastid genes in a Euglena gracilis bleached mutant strain OflB2

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Euglena gracilis is a unicellular green eukaryotic microalga that features characteristics of both plants and animals. The photosynthetic function of its...     

南海东北部陆坡天然气水合物区的滑塌和泥火山活动

本文研究了南海东北部陆坡天然气水合物区滑塌和泥火山活动的特征及表现形式,探讨了滑塌和泥火山活动对天然气水合物成藏的影响,提出了滑塌主导和滑塌、泥火山共同作用两种控制模式。根据地震数据、浅层剖面和海底地形数据解释,将研究区划分为规则滑塌区和泥火山活动影响区,并识别出泥火山、泥火山脊、凹槽、凹坑等特征地形。滑塌和泥火山活动是陆坡天然气水合物发育区重要的地形控制因素,两种活动共同作用产生复杂的地形特征。综合多条地震测线中似海底反射层(BSR)形态、连续性和滑塌、泥火山活动的关系,认为滑塌控制的区域,BSR连续,天然气水合物储藏较完整,泥火山活动区天然气水合物储藏也仅受到局部破坏。同时指出滑塌和泥火山活动对研究区长期天然气渗漏活动具有重要作用。     

Multi-beam and seismic investigations of the active Haima cold seeps,northwestern South China Sea

To confirm the seabed fluid flow at the Haima cold seeps, an integrated study of multi-beam and seismic data reveals the morphology and fate of four bubble plumes and investigates the detailed subsurface structure of the active seepage area. The shapes of bubble plumes are not constant and influenced by the northeastward bottom currents, but the water depth where these bubble plumes disappear (630–650 m below the sea level) (mbsl) is very close to the upper limit of the gas hydrate stability zone in the water column (620 m below the sea level), as calculated from the CTD data within the study area, supporting the “hydrate skin” hypothesis. Gas chimneys directly below the bottom simulating reflectors, found at most sites, are speculated as essential pathways for both thermogenic gas and biogenic gas migrating from deep formations to the gas hydrate stability zone. The fracture network on the top of the basement uplift may be heavily gas-charged, which accounts for the chimney with several kilometers in diameter (beneath Plumes B and C). The much smaller gas chimney (beneath Plume D) may stem from gas saturated localized strong permeability zone. High-resolution seismic profiles reveal pipe-like structures, characterized by stacked localized amplitude anomalies, just beneath all the plumes, which act as the fluid conduits conveying gas from the gas hydrate-bearing sediments to the seafloor, feeding the gas plumes. The differences between these pipe-like structures indicate the dynamic process of gas seepage, which may be controlled by the build-up and dissipation of pore pressure. The 3D seismic data show high saturated gas hydrates with high RMS amplitude tend to cluster on the periphery of the gas chimney. Understanding the fluid migration and hydrate accumulation pattern of the Haima cold seeps can aid in the further exploration and study on the dynamic gas hydrate system in the South China Sea.     

青藏高原多雪年与少雪年土壤水热特征模拟分析

利用耦合了陆面过程模式(CLM4.5)的区域气候模式(RegCM4)分别对青藏高原的一个多雪年和少雪年进行了数值模拟.通过对比模拟雪深与遥感雪深、土壤温湿度的模拟值与观测值、多雪年与少雪年的土壤温湿度模拟值,结果表明,RegCM4-CLM4.5可以有效模拟出高原的多雪年与少雪年特征,模拟雪深大值中心比遥感雪深高10～2...     

北半球冬季风时期越赤道气流的初步分析

利用1980—1986年格点风资料，分析了各年北半球冬季风期间（12—2月）东半球对流层低层及高空的越赤道气流通道。在该地区冬季低空具有气候意义的通道是105°E、125°E、45°E、80°E及150°E 5条，其中以100°—130°E为主要通道。高空则主要集中在80°–120°E区间。在1983—1984、1984—1985年两个冬季，45°E处出现较强的低空北风越赤道气流，这与高纬度大西洋东部上空持续的强阻塞形势有关。这支强越赤道气流与南印度洋及南太平洋多热带风暴也有联系。由平均经圈环流分析指出，     

山西运城盐池湖区浮游绿藻及其分布特点

在山西运城盐池湖区采用的浮游绿藻共３３属８０种（含变种）,其中团藻目５属７种,四孢藻目３属３种,绿球藻目２０属５１种,鼓藻目５属１９种。该区域的水体根据其含盐量的不同可分为４种类型：淡水水体（含盐量０．０１１％－０．０５％）、混盐水体（含盐量０．０５％￣３％）,真盐水体（含盐量３％￣４％）和高盐水体（含盐量４％￣３４．７％）,由于受含盐量的影响,浮游绿藻在４种水体中的分布有明显差异,总的趋势是含盐     

基于DEM数据的菲律宾海典型区地貌类型划分

深远海海底地质环境复杂,地貌形态多变,目前没有形成统一的地貌类型划分量化标准.本文主要针对这一问题,选择菲律宾海中南部典型区作为研究区,结合已有规范、标准和区域构造演化特征,提出了海山、海丘、海底裂谷、山间谷地、山间洼地、山间盆地6种四级地貌单元的量化划分标准.利用ArcGIS平台对DEM数据进行深度处理,提取高程、坡...