全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9140篇 |
免费 | 799篇 |
国内免费 | 1176篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 571篇 |
大气科学 | 1232篇 |
地球物理 | 1975篇 |
地质学 | 4325篇 |
海洋学 | 979篇 |
天文学 | 997篇 |
综合类 | 391篇 |
自然地理 | 645篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 45篇 |
2023年 | 155篇 |
2022年 | 254篇 |
2021年 | 281篇 |
2020年 | 281篇 |
2019年 | 299篇 |
2018年 | 711篇 |
2017年 | 683篇 |
2016年 | 479篇 |
2015年 | 380篇 |
2014年 | 410篇 |
2013年 | 366篇 |
2012年 | 533篇 |
2011年 | 462篇 |
2010年 | 342篇 |
2009年 | 359篇 |
2008年 | 340篇 |
2007年 | 279篇 |
2006年 | 263篇 |
2005年 | 745篇 |
2004年 | 917篇 |
2003年 | 644篇 |
2002年 | 202篇 |
2001年 | 173篇 |
2000年 | 158篇 |
1999年 | 177篇 |
1998年 | 178篇 |
1997年 | 144篇 |
1996年 | 163篇 |
1995年 | 103篇 |
1994年 | 106篇 |
1993年 | 99篇 |
1992年 | 87篇 |
1991年 | 64篇 |
1990年 | 44篇 |
1989年 | 23篇 |
1988年 | 36篇 |
1987年 | 18篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Assessment of alternative adsorption models and global sensitivity analysis to characterize hexavalent chromium loss from soil to surface runoff 下载免费PDF全文
We investigate our ability to assess transfer of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), from the soil to surface runoff by considering the effect of coupling diverse adsorption models with a two‐layer solute transfer model. Our analyses are grounded on a set of two experiments associated with soils characterized by diverse particle size distributions. Our study is motivated by the observation that Cr(VI) is receiving much attention for the assessment of environmental risks due to its high solubility, mobility, and toxicological significance. Adsorption of Cr(VI) is considered to be at equilibrium in the mixing layer under our experimental conditions. Four adsorption models, that is, the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and linear models, constitute our set of alternative (competing) mathematical formulations. Experimental results reveal that the soil samples characterized by the finest grain sizes are associated with the highest release of Cr(VI) to runoff. We compare the relative abilities of the four models to interpret experimental results through maximum likelihood model calibration and four model identification criteria (i.e., the Akaike information criteria [AIC and AICC] and the Bayesian and Kashyap information criteria). Our study results enable us to rank the tested models on the basis of a set of posterior weights assigned to each of them. A classical variance‐based global sensitivity analysis is then performed to assess the relative importance of the uncertain parameters associated with each of the models considered, within subregions of the parameter space. In this context, the modelling strategy resulting from coupling the Langmuir isotherm with a two‐layer solute transfer model is then evaluated as the most skilful for the overall interpretation of both sets of experiments. Our results document that (a) the depth of the mixing layer is the most influential factor for all models tested, with the exception of the Freundlich isotherm, and (b) the total sensitivity of the adsorption parameters varies in time, with a trend to increase as time progresses for all of the models. These results suggest that adsorption has a significant effect on the uncertainty associated with the release of Cr(VI) from the soil to the surface runoff component. 相似文献
2.
Peng Yue Fan Gao Boyi Shangguan Zheren Yan 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(11):2243-2274
ABSTRACT High performance computing is required for fast geoprocessing of geospatial big data. Using spatial domains to represent computational intensity (CIT) and domain decomposition for parallelism are prominent strategies when designing parallel geoprocessing applications. Traditional domain decomposition is limited in evaluating the computational intensity, which often results in load imbalance and poor parallel performance. From the data science perspective, machine learning from Artificial Intelligence (AI) shows promise for better CIT evaluation. This paper proposes a machine learning approach for predicting computational intensity, followed by an optimized domain decomposition, which divides the spatial domain into balanced subdivisions based on the predicted CIT to achieve better parallel performance. The approach provides a reference framework on how various machine learning methods including feature selection and model training can be used in predicting computational intensity and optimizing parallel geoprocessing against different cases. Some comparative experiments between the approach and traditional methods were performed using the two cases, DEM generation from point clouds and spatial intersection on vector data. The results not only demonstrate the advantage of the approach, but also provide hints on how traditional GIS computation can be improved by the AI machine learning. 相似文献
3.
4.
ECOLOGICAL SERIES OF SOIL ANIMALS IN DARLIDAI MOUNTAIN 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
HOUWei-ling FANHong 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2002,12(4):378-382
The ecological series of soil animals under the broad-leaved and pine mixed forest in Darlidai Mountainwas studied. Seven sample plots were selected according to different altitude gradients, which belong to different vegeta-tion types. By investigating and analyzing soil animals in every sample plot it is found that there are 45 groups and 1956individuals, which axe involved in 3 phylums, 7 classes, 16 orders, respectively. The altitude is a key factor which af-fects ecological series of soil animals. Both the groups and individuals of soil animals increase with altitude increasingunder certain conditions, which contrastes with ordinary cases, resulting from special micro-climate in studied area. Thegroups and individuls of soil animals are the most under the broad-leaved and pine forest on the top of the mountain, andthe least under Picea-Abies forest in the foot of the mountain. 相似文献
5.
A formula for the thickness of a shear band formed in saturated soils under a simple shear or a combined stress state has been proposed. It is shown that the shear band thickness is dependent on the pore pressure properties of the material and the dilatancy rate, but is independent of the details of the combined stress state. This is in accordance with some separate experimental observations. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
6.
7.
Stress wave attenuation across fractured rock masses is a great concern of underground structure safety. When the wave amplitude is large, fractures experience nonlinear deformation during the wave propagation. This paper presents a study on normal transmission of P‐wave across parallel fractures with nonlinear deformational behaviour (static Barton–Bandis model). The results show that the magnitude of transmission coefficient is a function of incident wave amplitude, nondimensional fracture spacing and number of fractures. Two important indices of nondimensional fracture spacing are identified, and they divide the area of nondimensional fracture spacing into three parts (individual fracture area, transition area and small spacing area). In the different areas, the magnitude of transmission coefficient has different trends with nondimensional fracture spacing and number of fractures. In addition, the study reveals that under some circumstances, the magnitude of transmission coefficient increases with increasing number of fractures, and is larger than 1. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
9.
The range-averaged intensity model (RAIM) long known as a powerful method for transmission loss estimation in waveguides, is extended to other aspects of the acoustic field: impulse response and angular pattern estimations at a receiver, general time spreading in a waveguide, signal fluctuations, reverberation levels, and ambient noise structure. An example of its application to a SOFAR propagation and detection case is presented. This method appears to be a very efficient and reliable analysis tool for many underwater acoustics configurations: particularly long-range horizontal telemetry and shallow-water sonar 相似文献
10.
A type IV radio burst accompanied by several normal- and reverse-drifting type III bursts, multiple long-term quasi-periodic pulsations and spikes was observed with the radio spectrometers (1.0–2.0 and 2.6–3.8 GHz) at National Astronomical Observatories of China (NAOC) on 23 September 1998. In combination with the images of Siberian Solar Radio Telescope (SSRT) of Russia, the complex and multiple magnetic structures inferred from the radio bursts reveal the existence of both large-scale and small-scale magnetic structures. This event suggests that the geometries of coronal magnetic fields contain multiple discrete electron acceleration/injection sites at different heights, and extended open and closed magnetic field lines. It can be shown that the energetic electrons gain access to open, diverging and closed field lines thus producing different types of radio bursts. From the characteristics of position, polarization, dispersion and displacement of the sources, the model of the type IV event is supported, which involves synchrotron emission from the electrons confined by the rapid scattering through the interaction of hydromagnetic wave with particles. 相似文献