The distribution and evolution of fluid pressure and its influence on natural gas accumulation in the Upper Paleozoic of Shenmu-Yulin area,Ordos Basin

On the basis of measuring the pressure distribution and analyzing its origin in the Carboniferous and Permian of Shenmu-Yulin area, the evolution history of ancient pressure is restored mainly by means of the basin numerical simulation technique, in which the paleo-pressure has been constrained by the compaction restoration and the examination of fluid inclusion temperature and pressure. Then the development and evolution history of abnormal pressure and its effect on gas migration and accumulation are investigated. Studies show that the pressure in southeastern and northwestern parts of studied area is near to hydrostatic pressure, whereas in the remainder vast area the pressure is lower than the hydrostatic pressure, which is caused by difficulty to measure pressure accurately in tight reservoir bed, the calculating error caused by in-coordinate between topography relief and surface of water potential, pressure lessening due to formation arising and erosion. There are geological factors beneficial to forming abnormal high pressure in the Upper Palaeozoic. On the distraction of measured pressure, paleo-pressure data from compaction restoration and fluid inclusion temperature and pressure examining, the evolution history of ancient pressure is restored by the basin numerical simulation technique. It is pointed out that there are at least two high peaks of overpressure in which the highest value of excess pressure could be 5 to 25 MPa. Major gas accumulated in main producing bed of Shanxi Fm (P₁s) and lower Shihezi Fm (P₂x), because of two-fold control from capillary barrier and overpressure seal in upper Shihezi Fm (P₂s). In the middle and southern districts, the two periods of Later Jurassic to the middle of Early Cretaceous, and middle of Later Cretaceous to Palaeocene are main periods of gas migration and accumulation, while they belong to readjustment period of gas reservoirs after middle of Neocene.

     

The distribution and evolution of fluid pressure and its influence on natural gas accumulation in the Upper Paleozoic of Shenmu-Yulin area,Ordos Basin

On the basis of measuring the pressure distribution and analyzing its origin in the Carboniferous and Permian of Shenmu-Yulin area, the evolution history of ancient pressure is restored mainly by means of the basin numerical simulation technique, in which the paleo-pressure has been constrained by the compaction restoration and the examination of fluid inclusion temperature and pressure. Then the development and evolution history of abnormal pressure and its effect on gas migration and accumulation are investigated. Studies show that the pressure in southeastern and northwestern parts of studied area is near to hydrostatic pressure, whereas in the remainder vast area the pressure is lower than the hydrostatic pressure, which is caused by difficulty to measure pressure accurately in tight reservoir bed, the calculating error caused by in-coordinate between topography relief and surface of water potential, pressure lessening due to formation arising and erosion. There are geological factors beneficial to forming abnormal high pressure in the Upper Palaeozoic. On the distraction of measured pressure, paleo-pressure data from compaction restoration and fluid inclusion temperature and pressure examining, the evolution history of ancient pressure is restored by the basin numerical simulation technique. It is pointed out that there are at least two high peaks of overpressure in which the highest value of excess pressure could be 5 to 25 MPa. Major gas accumulated in main producing bed of Shanxi Fm (P₁s) and lower Shihezi Fm (P₂x), because of two-fold control from capillary barrier and overpressure seal in upper Shihezi Fm (P₂s). In the middle and southern districts, the two periods of Later Jurassic to the middle of Early Cretaceous, and middle of Later Cretaceous to Palaeocene are main periods of gas migration and accumulation, while they belong to readjustment period of gas reservoirs after middle of Neocene.     

西天山智博铁矿床磁铁矿地球化学及氧同位素特征

智博铁矿是阿吾拉勒铁铜成矿带成矿作用演化的典型代表。本文在详细的野外地质调查和室内研究的基础上,将该矿床的成矿阶段划为岩浆成矿期和热液成矿期两个期次,并将其矿石产状类型划分为块状矿石、浸染状矿石、角砾状矿石、网脉状矿石等。本文选取智博铁矿两期磁铁矿单矿物作为研究对象,通过其稀土微量元素及氧同位素等特征的研究来查明该矿床成矿物质特征及其来源。研究表明,智博铁矿的两期磁铁矿微量元素特征具有一定差异性,岩浆型磁铁矿相对富V、Ni、Ga等元素,而热液型矿石中相对富Co,贫V、Ni。两期磁铁矿单矿物稀土配分模式与矿区火山岩接近,暗示成矿物质与火山岩同源;Y/Ho比值接近球粒陨石,在Y/Ho-La/Ho图中和(La/Sm)_N-(La/Yb)_N图中,两期磁铁矿表现出同源性,暗示矿区内多数矿石的形成与火山岩浆作用有关。岩浆期的磁铁矿δ~(18)O值平均为3.4‰,与基鲁纳型铁矿和拉科铁矿的磁铁矿δ~(18)O非常接近;而热液期的磁铁矿δ~(18)O值平均为4.1‰,比岩浆期磁铁矿的δ~(18)O值范围更大些,可能与热液流体参入及矿物重结晶等因素有关。磁铁矿的地球化学特征及氧同位素均暗示智博铁矿矿石的形成主要与火山-岩浆活动密切相关,但也受到后期热液活动的影响。     

The distribution and evolution of fluid pressure and its influence on natural gas accumulation in the Upper Paleozoic of Shenmu-Yulin area, Ordos Basin

On the basis of measuring the pressure distribution and analyzing its origin in the Carboniferous and Permian of Shenmu-Yulin area, the evolution history of ancient pressure is restored mainly by means of the basin numerical simulation technique, in which the paleo-pressure has been constrained by the compaction restoration and the examination of fluid inclusion temperature and pressure. Then the development and evolution history of abnormal pressure and its effect on gas migration and accumulation are investigated. Studies show that the pressure in southeastern and northwestern parts of studied area is near to hydrostatic pressure, whereas in the remainder vast area the pressure is lower than the hydrostatic pressure, which is caused by difficulty to measure pressure accurately in tight reservoir bed, the calculating error caused by in-coordinate between topography relief and surface of water potential, pressure lessening due to formation arising and erosion. There are geological factors beneficial to forming abnormal high pressure in the Upper Palaeozoic. On the distraction of measured pressure, paleo-pressure data from compaction restoration and fluid inclusion temperature and pressure exa- mining, the evolution history of ancient pressure is restored by the basin numerical simulation technique. It is pointed out that there are at least two high peaks of overpressure in which the highest value of excess pressure could be 5 to 25 MPa. Major gas accumulated in main producing bed of Shanxi Fm (P1s) and lower Shihezi Fm (P2x), because of two-fold control from capillary barrier and overpressure seal in upper Shihezi Fm (P2s). In the middle and southern districts, the two periods of Later Jurassic to the middle of Early Cretaceous, and middle of Later Cretaceous to Palaeocene are main periods of gas migration and accumulation, while they belong to readjustment period of gas reservoirs after middle of Neocene.     

西天山智博铁矿床黄铁矿成分特征及硫同位素研究

智博大型磁铁矿床位于新疆西天山阿吾拉勒铁铜成矿带东段,主要矿石矿物为磁铁矿,主要共生金属矿物为黄铁矿。文章通过对黄铁矿进行矿物成因研究来推测矿床成因及特征。本次研究选择2个成矿期的矿石及围岩中的黄铁矿进行电子探针及硫同位素研究。电子探针数据显示岩浆期黄铁矿w(Co)平均为4703×10~(-6),大于热液期w(Co)(735.71×10~(-6)),Co/Ni比值(平均18.53)也大于热液期黄铁矿Co/Ni比值(平均0.96);S/Se比值多数集中于1000～8000之间。部分Co/Ni、Se/Te、S/Se比值落入热液成因范围内,暗示了热液流体参与成矿的可能性。而Co-Co/Ni图解显示岩浆期矿石和热液期矿石具有一定的继承性。黄铁矿中δ~(34)S值介于-1.2‰和0.3‰之间,表明硫主要来源于幔源硫。智博铁矿床矿石主要为岩浆成因,但岩浆期后热液及其他热液流体也参与了晚阶段的成矿作用。     

滇西北红牛-红山铜矿床复式岩体黑云母特征及成岩成矿指示意义

滇西北红牛-红山斑岩-矽卡岩型大型铜矿床位于格咱铜多金属矿集区中部,其成矿作用与晚白垩世花岗质岩浆活动存在密切联系,矿区内发育燕山晚期花岗斑岩-石英二长斑岩复式岩体,矿体主要产于斑岩体以及与斑岩有关的矽卡岩中。铜钼矿化在空间上的分布具有明显的差异性,深部揭露的花岗斑岩发育弱黄铜矿化、辉钼矿化,而石英二长斑岩中发育较强的铜钼矿化,局部出现全岩矿化的特点,总体表现出浅部、接触带矿化程度高,向深部逐渐降低的趋势,导致这种差异的原因尚未明确。在详细的岩相学观察基础上,文章对复式岩体中的黑云母开展了EMPA及LA-ICP-MS原位微区分析,旨在查明矿区花岗斑岩-石英二长斑岩复式岩体形成时的物理化学条件以及导致二者含矿差异性的制约因素。结果表明,2种类型黑云母具有低Al,高Mg、Ti的特征,均属于镁质黑云母;黑云母成分显示红牛-红山燕山晚期复式岩体为具壳幔混源特征的I型花岗岩,属于高温、浅成-超浅成相、高氧逸度岩体。花岗斑岩结晶温度为737~751℃,压力为46~72 MPa,对应深度1.74~2.73 km,平均为2.17 km;石英二长斑岩结晶温度为722~754℃,压力为37~58 MPa,对应深度1.42~2.20 km,平均为1.91 km,氧逸度略高于花岗斑岩。花岗斑岩中黑云母的Ⅳ(F)值为0.91~1.06,Ⅳ(Cl)值为-4.67~-4.48,石英二长斑岩中黑云母Ⅳ(F)值为0.56~0.77,Ⅳ(Cl)值为-5.16~-4.81,与花岗斑岩共存的热液流体log(f_H2O/f_HF)_fluid值为1.31~1.47,与石英二长斑岩共存的热液流体log(f_H2O/f_HF)_fluid值为0.96~1.17,表明该复式岩体2种岩性均显示高F、Cl特征,石英二长斑岩流体中更富含HCl和HF。这些特征表明红牛-红山燕山晚期复式岩体具有同时发生Cu、Mo矿化的潜力,并且Cu、Mo元素更趋向于在石英二长斑岩中富集。较高的氧逸度和卤素含量可能是导致石英二长斑岩和花岗斑岩含矿差异性的主要原因。