1995年苍山5.2级地震前应力场的动态变化

从１９９５年９月２０日山东苍山５．２级地震前源区及其附近不同小区应力场方向的动态变化入手，分析了主应力轴方位、仰角及其矛盾符号比等参量在５．２级地震前的异常变化及其时空演变特点，简析了可能成因，可为研究震前其它各类前兆异常提供背景依据     

矿坑水净化处理与利用

本文论述了矿坑水的净化处理方法与工艺流程，主要处理方法有混凝，沉淀，过滤及消毒，不同水质特点应选用不同的处理方法和工艺流程，最后通过实例说明了矿坑水净化处理与利用，具有明显的社会效益，经济效益和环境效益。     

FY-3E: The First Operational Meteorological Satellite Mission in an Early Morning Orbit

Fengyun-3 E(FY-3E),the world’s first early-morning-orbit meteorological satellite for civil use,was launched successfully at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on 5 July 2021.The FY-3E satellite will fill the vacancy of the global early-morning-orbit satellite observation,working together with the FY-3C and FY-3D satellites to achieve the data coverage of early morning,morning,and afternoon orbits.The combination of these three satellites will provide global data coverage for numerical weather prediction(NWP)at 6-hour intervals,effectively improving the accuracy and time efficiency of global NWP,which is of great significance to perfect the global earth observing system.In this article,the background and meteorological requirements for the early-morning-orbit satellite are reviewed,and the specifications of the FY-3E satellite,as well as the characteristics of the onboard instrumentation for earth observations,are also introduced.In addition,the ground segment and the retrieved geophysical products are also presented.It is believed that the NWP communities will significantly benefit from an optimal temporal distribution of observations provided by the early morning,mid-morning,and afternoon satellite missions.Further benefits are expected in numerous applications such as the monitoring of severe weather/climate events,the development of improved sampling designs of the diurnal cycle for accurate climate data records,more efficient monitoring of air quality by thermal infrared remote sensing,and the quasicontinuous monitoring of the sun for space weather and climate.     

基于查找表的MODIS逐像元大气校正方法研究

以6S大气辐射传输模型为基础,计算了气溶胶光学厚度、太阳天顶角、传感器天顶角以及地表海拔变化对于校正得到的地表反射率的影响,讨论了6S模型对于这些参数的敏感性,提出了一种基于查找表的大气校正方法,利用6S模型离线计算建立了不同气溶胶的光学厚度、太阳天顶角、传感器天顶角以及地表海拔条件下大气校正系数的查找表,基于该查找表对MODIS影像进行逐像元大气校正。通过对本文方法、6S在线校正方法和利用统一输入参数校正方法的比较表明,本文方法的计算结果与6S在线校正方法很接近,说明本文方法可以有效地改善由于大气条件、传感器位置等空间分布差异对MODIS图像大气校正的影响。     

我国海洋水下文化遗产保护现状与管理探讨

海洋水下文化遗产是不可再生的文化资源,在全球海洋开发的浪潮中,做好海洋水下文化遗产的调查和保护是迫切和急需的。文章概述世界上传统海洋大国对海洋水下文化遗产保护和管理的经验,分析我国海洋水下文化遗产保护和管理存在的问题,并提出相关对策:查清海洋水下文化遗产的分布、数量和特征等信息,了解海洋水下文化遗产分布区的地质地貌环境、水动力环境和保存环境条件,建立海洋水下文化遗产档案馆和数据库系统;完善与海洋水下文化遗产保护相关的法规、政策和标准规范等,提升执法效率,做好海洋水下文化遗产保护和海洋开发利用的协调工作;建立海洋水下文化遗产保护示范区,传承和弘扬蓝色文明,实现海洋水下文化遗产的社会利用和可持续保护。     

Observations and analyses of floc size and floc settling velocity in coastal salt marsh of Luoyuan Bay, Fujian Province, China

In coastal environments, fine-grain sediments often aggregate into large and porous flocs. ElectroMagnetic Current Meters (EMCM) and Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry (LISST-ST) have been deployed within a Spartina alterniflora marsh of the Luoyuan Bay in Fujian Province, China, to measure the current velocity, the floc size and the settling velocity between 15 and 22 January 2008. During the observations, the near-bed water was collected in order to obtain the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and constituent grain size. Data show that: (1) the nearbed current velocities vary from 0.1 to 5.6 cm/s in the central Spartina alterniflora marsh and 0.1–12.5 cm/s at the edge; (2) the SSCs vary from 47 to 188 mg/dm 3 . The mean grain size of constituent grains varies from 7.0 to 9.6 μm, and the mean floc sizes (MFS) vary from 30.4 to 69.4 μm. The relationship between the mean floc size and settling velocity can be described as: w s =ad b , in which w s is the floc settling velocity (mm/s), a and b are coefficients. The floc settling velocity varies from 0.17 to 0.32 mm/s, with a mean value of 0.26 mm/s, and the floc settling velocity during the flood tide is higher than that during the ebb tide. The current velocity and the SSC are the main factors controlling the flocculation processes and the floc settling velocity.     

基于Jurkevich法Cyg X-1光变周期特性研究

针对天文观测数据不等间隔的特点,利用Jurkevich方法对黑洞候选体X射线双星Cyg X-1近16年的Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer(RXTE)All-Sky Monitor(ASM)数据进行了频谱分析,并结合Kidger周期存在可信度的判据,发现Cyg X-1存在363±11.5 d的光变周期,但没有发现420 d的光变周期,而且150 d的光变周期可能仅仅是51±1.4 d光变周期的观测表象。     

海岸资源质量管理与海岸综合整治修复对策探讨

文章讨论海岸资源质量管理的计量手段,根据海岸的类型、资源功能以及自然演变和开发利用过程中出现的问题,探讨海岸资源质量管理的内涵和海岸综合整治修复的对策。建议制定《海岸线修测技术规范》,明确海岸线修测技术方法和海岸线长度计量方法,为海岸资源质量管理奠定计量基础;针对不同的海岸类型和开发利用方式,制定《海岸资源质量评价技术标准》,适应差别化的海岸管控政策;加强海岸资源综合统筹规划管理,强化海岸综合整治修复,保护自然海岸和人工海岸生态环境,修复恢复严重影响海岸生态环境和废弃的人工海岸,最大限度地保育自然海岸。     

GPM卫星DPR和GMI探测的2018年5月重庆超级单体云团降水结构特征分析

2023年4月16日09时36分(北京时)中国首颗降水测量卫星—风云三号G星(FY-3G)成功发射,本文在介绍风云三号降水星技术特征的基础上,着重分析FY-3G降水探测能力及在暴雨监测中的应用前景。结果表明：卫星轨道高度407 km、倾角50°,装载了Ka/Ku双频降水测量雷达、微波和光学成像仪的FY-3G卫星,可对影响中国大部分地区的台风、暴雨、强对流等灾害性天气系统三维结构进行探测。FY-3G在设计层面上,降水探测能力与目前美国第二代全球降水测量计划(GPM)核心星(GPMCO)相当,在载荷类型、数量、通道设置等方面优于GPMCO卫星。FY-3G业务运行后将与风云三号上午、下午和黎明星等其他极轨气象卫星以及风云高轨静止卫星组成风云降水探测星座体系,提升风云卫星星座的降水总体探测能力,为气象防灾减灾提供更强的基础支撑。