大爆炸宇宙学模型的基本参数：宇宙年龄t0的哈勃常数H0

大爆炸宇宙学模型有６个基本参数－宇宙年龄ｔ０，哈勃常数Ｈ０，宇宙物质密度参数Ω０，减速因子ｑｏ，以及与宇宙学常数Ａ和宇宙的曲率ｋ有关的另外两个参数Ω０Ａ≡ａ３ｈ＾２，０，ΩＲ≡－ｋ／Ｈ＾。简要介绍了国际上对０和Ｈ０的最近研究进展。     

Evolution of hard gluons in a medium with q^(t)∼tn and the thermalization problem

We study the energy distribution of hard gluons traversing a dense quark-gluon plasma by comparing various transverse momentum broadening rates , using a probabilistic perturbative approach. These results were applied to address the thermalization problem in heavy ion collisions. Within the weak coupling model, thermalization follows a “bottom-up” process: early-formed high-energy partons emit low-energy gluons, leading to their equilibrium formation, creating a thermal bath that facilitates equilibrium in the high-energy sector. Under this scenario, we model the time dependencies of $$ as a power-law $$, and assess the impact of $$ on the distribution of hard gluons passing through the medium.     

A look at what is (and isn’t) known about quasar broad line regions and how narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies fit in

The evidence is reviewed that the Broad Line Region (BLR) probably has two distinct components located at about the same distance from the central black hole. One component, BLR II, is optically-thick, low-ionization emission at least some of which arises from a disc and the other, BLR I, is probably optically-thin emission from a more spherically symmetric halo or atmosphere. The high Fe II/Hβ ratios seen in Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) are not due to strong Fe II emission, as is commonly thought, but to unusually weak Balmer emission, probably caused by higher densities. NLS1s probably differ from non-NLS1s because of the higher density of gas near the black hole. This produces a higher accretion rate, a denser BLR, and a view of the central regions that is more face-on.