山东省南四湖湿地植被碳储量初步研究

湿地是全球重要的陆地碳库之一,对于全球变化的响应亦十分敏感。通过对南四湖湿地的野外实地调查并结合已有资料,对南四湖湿地的范围进行了重新定界,分析了湿地的植被类型和空间分布状况。通过对2006年6月份的SPOT5影像的解译,绘制了湿地景观格局图,计算了各种湿地景观类型的面积。结合公开发表的湿地植被生物量密度数据和相关参数计算出了整个南四湖湿地植被的碳储量为6.057 64×104t,并与1983年资料的折算数据对比发现南四湖湿地植被碳储量已减少了近3/4,表明南四湖湿地植被的碳汇能力已经明显减退。     

基于高分辨率遥感影像的滇池湖滨湿地植被类型监测

利用多源高分辨率遥感影像,结合图像分割与人机交互判实技术,分建设前（2007～2008年）、建设中（2011年）、建设后（2013年）3个时期对滇池湖滨湿地进行植被分布信息提取与面积统计,进而对其演变规律进行分析.结果表明：随着“滇池湖滨生态带工程”的推进,环湖带乔木与灌木、沉浮水植物、草本植物3类湿地群落面积的总和从建设前的120.39 hm2提高至建设中的1747.54 hm2,再到建设后的1868.91 hm2,占总面积的比例分别为5.49％、79.61％和85.14％,湖滨湿地面积显著提升;建设前主要植被类型为作物植被,占总面积的51.98％,建设后缩减至3.87％,逐步演化为自然植被,主要种类为中山杉（Ascendens mucronatum）、芦苇（Phragmites australis）等,群落多样性与景观格局也有了较大改观.     

RESOURCE NEEDS AND LAND STRESS IN RAPTI ZONE,NEPAL *

Regional and village land resource issues and environmental conditions in the Rapti zone, western Nepal are discussed in the context of the Himalaya Environmental Degradation theory (Ives 1987). Ecological stress is indicated in agriculture to forest land ratios, farmland capability, and land use change. Intra-regional differences and specific local conditions indicate the complex dimensions of environmental and development issues in the Rapti zone.     

贝加尔湖地区的植物和植被概况

7月的贝加尔湖畔,天是蓝的,水是蓝的,时而绿油油的森林在苍翠欲滴的草地上蜿蜒起伏,时而莽莽林海中现出盛开鲜花的草甸,群山与湖泊之间,或悬崖峭壁,疾风凛冽,或平坦湿地,绿色,黄色,粉红色,看不见村庄,看不见农田,一切都那样的自自然然,如果没有笔直的柏油马路和来来往往的车辆,没有理由不相信这里是梦幻般的童话世界.     

香格里拉县湿地分类研究

在实地调查基础上，对香格里拉县湿地分级分类开展了研究，采用了成因分类法，把该县湿地分为湿地系统、湿地亚系统、湿地类和湿地亚类4个等级，并论述了各级湿地的特征。首先以人类活动作用程度为依据划分出自然湿地和人工湿地两大湿地系统。天然湿地中又以地貌部位划分出河流湿地、湖泊湿地、泉水湿地、冰川积雪湿地和其它湿地5个湿地亚系统；最后以水文特征和地表植被类型分别划分出l0个湿地类和25个湿地亚类。人工湿地的划分较为简单，仅根据其功能分为8个亚类。     

SOIL AND VEGETATION PATTERNS IN BARRIER-ISLAND DUNE ENVIRONMENTS

Plant species distributions often have been attributed to landform characteristics or their associated geomorphic processes. This complicates interpretation of vegetation patterns in that geomorphic processes shape, and are shaped by, landforms. To characterize the biogeographic impacts of this interaction, I used principal components analysis (PCA) to examine hypotheses regarding the structure of variation among soil properties in active barrier-island dune systems. Dune soils and vegetation were sampled on two well-recognized barrier-island morphologies. On low-profile, wave-dominated microtidal barrier islands (South Core Banks, North Carolina) frequent overwash exerts a greater control on the distribution of soil properties. On mixed-energy mesotidal barrier islands (Sapelo Island, Georgia), overwash is less frequent, and the distribution of soil properties is shaped by a complex dune topography. Nontrivial principal components on both islands captured an equivalent amount of variance in the soil data. However, there were inter-island differences in the dimensionality of these nontrivial principal components, and differences in the distribution of variance and factor loadings. Suites of topography-modifying species, unique to each island, were uniform in the strength of their individual correlation with local edaphic variability. I posit that soil variance structure is a useful criterion to distinguish the relative influence on vegetation patterns of soil properties expressed through landforms (Sapelo Island) versus sediment transport processes (South Core Banks). [Key words: dune vegetation, barrier islands, principal components analysis (PCA), overwash.]     

WETLAND RESOURCES INVESTIGATION IN URBAN PARKS BASED ON QUICKBIRD REMOTE SENSING IMAGE IN JINAN, CHINA

1INTRODUCTIONThe definition of wetlands included in RamsarConvention is deliberately broad,encompassing"areas of marshes,fen,peatland or water,whethernatural or artificial,permanent or temporary,withwater that is flowing or static,fresh,brackish orsalty,i…     

MULTIPLE DEPRIVATION AND PUBLIC POLICY IN SCOTTISH CITIES: AN OVERVIEW

Because of their intensive need for face-to-face contacts, producer services have, historically, been found at the core of the central business district (CBD). However, it has been suggested that advances in information technologies could lead to the erosion of the CBD's economic base, rendering face-to-face contacts obsolete and enabling producer services to suburbanize. Although a considerable amount of empirical work has been done on the suburbanization of these activities in North America, the same is not true of France. In this paper, we adopt an original methodology to study the role played by face-to-face contacts in the spatial distribution of producer services in the Île-de-France region between 1978 and 1997. Our findings confirm that producer services did indeed suburbanize during the study period. Nonetheless, this suburbanization was multicentric, rather than scattered, suggesting that face-to-face contacts remain an important factor in the location of such services.     

云顶山植被及其垂直分布研究

本文概要介绍了山西云顶山植被的6个植被型,16个群系,并将现存植被的垂直带划分为4个带:落叶阔叶林带(海拔1200—1750米);针阔叶混交林带(海拔1750—2200米);寒温性针叶林带(海拔2200—2600米);亚高山灌从草甸带(海拔2600米以上)。     

海南岛的湿地类型及其特点

海南岛为我国的第二大岛, 地理位置独特, 有丰富的湿地类型及资源。本文用遥感技术, 把海南岛的湿地分为４ 个大类, ２０ 个类型。海南岛以近岸及海岸湿地为主, 占海南湿地总面积的５０ ％ , 其中的浅海水域占海南湿地总面积的２５ ％ 。海南的珊瑚礁湿地、红树林湿地在全国同类湿地中发育最好。本文还对海南岛湿地的生物多样性进行了描述及概括。     

小良试验站三种植被类型地表径流效应的对比研究

本文分析研究了３种植被类型下的地表径流在汇流、洪峰及径流过程上的特征，差异是巨大的。在径流过程上桉树林和裸地的变地剧烈，几乎没有什么调蓄作用，洪峰流量占一次性降水径流量的绝大部分，涨水和退水流量都较小。本文应用灰色系统ＧＭ（２，１）模型，成功地预测了以年和以月为时间尺度的地表径流序列，其预测模型可以用来对这些时间尺度的地表径流进行预报。     

毕节地区煤矿生产的生态破坏与植被恢复

根据毕节地区自然条件和开采的施工工艺及施工组织条件,分析煤矿开采过程中的生态环境破坏情况,提出了植被恢复是生态重建的最重要途径之一;并根据生态学上的“适地适树”原则、“生物多样性”原则、“生态位”等原则,筛选出了目前在煤矿工业场地区、生活管理区、排矸场区等主要区域生长良好的具有功能性的乡土树种,指出了选择树种时需要注意的问题,力争为创建毕节地区生态煤矿探索一种模式并实现矿区生态环境的良性循环。     

中国绿洲分区及其基本类型

根据我国绿洲分布区域地理环境的差异性,地理位置和地势,大气环流与气候以及绿液演变和人类活动影响,将我国绿洲划分为三大区：东部河套平原绿洲区,西北干旱内陆绿洲区和柴达木高原绿洲区。首先,在学习、综合分析前人对绿洲的基础上,对绿洲赋予新的定义：干旱荒漠中有稳定水源,植物繁茂,生物活跃,具有一定的空间规模,且明显高出周边环境的高效生态地理景观区。最后,依据绿洲发生的水、土基本因素,将我国绿液分为四大基本类型,即沿河两岸阶地型绿洲、扇形地型绿洲、冲积平原型绿洲和三角洲型绿洲。     

LONG-TERM SOIL AND VEGETATION RECOVERY IN FIVE SEMIARID MONTANA GHOST TOWNS*

Five semiarid Montana ghost towns abandoned for more than 45 years were studied to understand better the nature of soil and vegetation recovery following severe human impacts. Discriminant analysis was used to interpret and classify variation among land-use intensity groups. Recovery at the five towns was strongly linked to the degree of the initial soil disturbance, vegetation type, and precipitation. Recovery of the vegetation to ambient conditions was far from complete in all but one town.     

江汉平原土地类型与综合自然区划

基于对自然环境特征的分析，本文划分江汉平原的土地类型，运用土地类型结构数量分析方法，自下而上地作了江汉平原综合自然区划，揭示自然环境的地域分异规律。     

DYNAMIC CHANGES OF THE WETLAND AND ITS DRIVING FORCES IN FUJIN REGION IN SANJIANG PLAIN, CHINA

1INTRODUCTION Thewetlandsystemhasbeencriticaltothede velopmentandsurvivalofhumancommunities(Yu Xing Xiu,etal.,2002;IGBPReportNo48,1999;Wiliam,1986).Itisnotonlyamongthemostimpor tantenvironmentsforhumanbeings'survivalbutalso amongtheimportantecologicallandscapeswhich serveasthemostdiversifiedhabitatsforlivingthings(LIXiu Bin,1996).Wetlandsperformfunctions whichothersystemscannotsupplantsuchasattenua tingfloods,regulatingsurfacerunoff,storingfreshwa terandpreventingdrought,adjustingcli…     

AVIAN NESTING HABITS AND VEGETATION STRUCTURE

Discriminant analysis is used to identify relationships between vegetation structure and nesting behavior in 78 breeding bird communities in North America. Results indicated that bird communities associated with structurally similar vegetation exhibited similar arrays of nesting habits despite their geographical separation. Tree-cavity, intermediate-cup, and high-cup nesters dominated forests and woodlands; ground-cup and ground-scrape nesters dominated grasslands; and low-cup nesters dominated desert, scrub, and some woodland sites. These functional relationships are distinct from previously reported continental scale relationships between avian feeding habits and gross vegetation structure. Links between nesting behavior and vegetation structure provide us, as geographers, with a means for placing birds into a physical landscape perspective.     

广西西津库区湿地旅游资源开发与保护

西津水库是广西最大的人工淡水湖。在野外考察的基础上，对该库区湿地旅游资源进行了评价。根据评价结果，针对库区湿地特殊的服务功能、提出对其旅游资源进行合理开发和保护的设想。结果表明：作为重要的自然生态环境和舒适性资源，该库库区湿地旅游资源类型丰富，生态旅游资源品位高，并具有后发优势，具较高的旅游开发价值．宜于发展以生态旅游为主题的生态观光、寻幽探险、水上娱乐、疗养健身、休闲度假、科学考察、商务会议、科普教育等形式的旅游。提出西津库区湿地旅游资源开发必须遵照可持续发展理念．把握人与自然和谐。，在保护的基础上．发展湿地旅游业．有利于更好地保护湿地．并促进当地经济社会的发展。     

辽河三角洲湿地的景观变化分析

利用遥感、ＧＩＳ手段对辽河三角洲１９８６年和１９９４年两个时段的湿地景观进行研究，认为本区景观是由两种作用力相互作用而形成的，从而形成了本区独具特色的景观变化方式，即半自然湿地（以苇田为主）向代湿地（以稻田为主）转化。     

VEGETATION MAPPING USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

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