南秦岭晚三叠世胭脂坝岩体的磁组构特征及意义

胭脂坝岩体是秦岭造山带内具典型代表性意义的晚三叠世花岗岩,已有的年代学和地球化学研究对岩体的侵位机制有着不同的认识。采用磁组构方法研究了该岩体的内部组构特征,并结合区域构造探讨了岩体的侵位机制。结果显示,胭脂坝岩体51个采点、348个样品的平均体积磁化率（K_m）值普遍小于100 μSI,总体较低。磁滞回线和热磁曲线特征表明,岩体磁组构主要由顺磁性矿物控制。大部分样品的校正磁化率各向异性度（P_J）值小于1.10,平均为1.06,表现出低各向异性度的总体特征。样品磁化率椭球形态参数（T）值多大于0,磁化率椭球体以压扁椭球为主。综合分析认为,岩体的磁组构是典型的岩浆组构,记录了岩浆侵位的流动构造。岩体磁组构以东西向中低角度倾伏的磁线理和南北向倾伏的磁面理为总体特征,磁线、面理轨迹揭示出岩浆自西向东的侵位流动。这样的岩浆侵位过程应与中、浅部地壳的走滑挤压构造相关,岩体侵位时造山带处于同碰撞构造环境。     

南秦岭晚三叠世胭脂坝岩体的地球化学特征及地质意义

本文对出露于佛坪穹窿东部宁陕地区的胭脂坝岩体进行了详细的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学特征的研究,讨论了胭脂坝岩体的岩石成因、成岩物质来源及其地质意义。岩体主要由黑云母花岗岩组成。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明胭脂坝黑云母花岗岩的成岩年龄为200Ma±4Ma。该花岗岩的地球化学特征为富硅(70.09%～73.35%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=7.49%～8.59%),A/CNK=1.01～1.08,里特曼指数(σ=2.07～2.62),钾大于钠(K2O/Na2O=1.12～1.39)和高CaO/Na2O值(0.3),微量元素主要富集Rb、Th、U、K,亏损Nb、Ta、Sr、Ba、P和Ti,稀土总量129.98×10-6～189.97×10-6,轻稀土富集[LREE/HREE=8.00～10.73,(La/Yb)N=8.62～15.68],Eu亏损明显(δEu=0.41～0.50)。这些特征表明,胭脂坝岩体属于高钾钙碱性系列,为准铝—弱过铝质壳源S型花岗岩。结合对区域地质背景的全面分析表明,可能是印支运动晚期的造山作用造成本区地壳加厚,之后在伸展—减薄的背景下,中部地壳深度的变质砂屑质岩石,通过黑云母脱水发生部分熔融而形成的产物。     

南秦岭金池院与张家坝岩体磁组构特征和构造意义

秦岭造山带勉略(勉县—略阳）缝合带北侧的金池院和张家坝岩体的磁组构特征显示,其平均磁化率Km低于1000μSI,校正磁化率各向异性度PJ小于11,为流动磁组构特征。磁化率椭球体形态参数T反映两岩体总体分别以挤压和拉伸应变为主,而又明显观察到两岩体边部近平行于岩体边界、内部相对混乱的磁面理分布特征。这些磁组构特征反映了岩体形成时勉略缝合带闭合的NNE—SSW向挤压作用仍然存在,但相对主造山期已较弱,其磁组构主要形成于岩体侵位时的侧向挤压作用。本文认为,金池院与张家坝岩体形成于印支期勉略缝合带闭合之后的后碰撞环境,是后造山过程由挤压向伸展体制转化时期的产物。     

秦岭沙沟街韧性剪切带的岩石磁学、磁组构和运动学涡度分析

秦岭商丹构造带内发育的晚三叠世沙沟街韧性剪切带蕴含大量地质信息,很好地记录了秦岭印支期碰撞造山过程。为了探究该剪切带的运动学特征及其动力学背景,在野外观测、显微构造分析的基础上,对其中发育的糜棱岩进行了磁组构和运动学涡度研究。岩石磁学和磁组构分析结果显示:样品的平均磁化率Km值总体较高,载磁矿物主要为磁铁矿等铁磁性矿物;磁化率各向异性度PJ值较大,表明构造变形较为强烈;形态参数T值多大于0,反映磁化率椭球体以扁球体为主;磁线、面理优势产状与野外观测到的矿物线、面理较为一致。结合磁组构、边界断层以及C面理产状,认为沙沟街韧性剪切带具有左行走滑挤压的运动学特征。运动学涡度Wk值及其分布特征表明,沙沟街剪切带中纯剪切作用所占的比重总体大于简单剪切作用,并且剪切带的核部应位于北界断层附近。综合分析认为,沙沟街韧性剪切带的运动学特征反映了总体斜向汇聚背景下的局部走滑挤压,与商丹带西段发育的同期韧性剪切带具有完全反向的运动学指向,这可能与碰撞导致的侧向挤出构造有关     

藏南乌郁盆地渐新世地层岩石磁化率组构特征及磁组构类型识别的意义

通过藏南乌郁盆地渐新世地层磁组构和岩石磁学的系统研究,结合研究区地质构造环境,揭示了该套地层不同层位普遍具有反磁组构特征。代表性样品的岩石磁学数据表明,其主要携磁矿物为单畴磁铁矿和/或磁赤铁矿(反磁组构),并含有不可忽略的顺磁性以及超顺磁性颗粒。AMS-磁组构三角关系数据图解显示出部分样品的磁组构为正磁组构与反磁组构混合形成的"中间磁组构"以及"异常组构"特征,暗示了除构造应力外,成岩过程及成岩后变化对原始磁组构可能有较大影响。研究还表明,反磁组构现象并非罕见。因此,准确识别磁组构类型及其在岩石综合磁组构信号中的贡献对运用磁组构手段正确重建地质构造环境具有关键性意义。     

东昆仑祁漫塔格地区晚三叠世正长花岗岩岩石成因及构造意义

青海省东昆仑祁漫塔格地区肯德可克矿区外围东部发育一正长花岗岩体,主要矿物组合为正长石(50%~60%)+石英(20%~30%)+斜长石(10%~20%)+黑云母(1%~5%)。其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为217.9±1.7 Ma(MSWD=0.74,n=20),形成时代为晚三叠世,与祁漫塔格地区铁多金属矿床基本同时形成。岩石地球化学组成具有高硅(Si O2=74.53%~75.28%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=8.81%~8.95%)、富铁贫镁(Fe OT/Mg O=18.02~31.48)的特征,并具强烈的负Eu异常(δEu=0.04~0.05),富集Rb、Th、U、K、Ga,亏损Sr、Ba、Ta、P、Ti,显示其为准铝质A型花岗岩。正长花岗岩锆石εHf(t)为2.0~12.4,平均6.4,显示其源区具有壳幔混合作用的特征,壳幔物质交换为区内铁多金属矿化提供了大量成矿物质。该正长花岗岩属A2型花岗岩,暗示其形成于造山后的伸展构造体制,反映了祁漫塔格地区晚华力西-印支期造山旋回于晚三叠世由造山后期转为伸展阶段。     

黑龙江晨明地区两个晚三叠世岩体的地球化学特征及其意义

通过LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb测年及岩石化学分析,研究了黑龙江晨明地区跃进村岩体和云头砬子岩体的年代学、地球化学和形成环境。结果表明,跃进村岩体和云头砬子岩体的年龄分别为213±3 Ma和209±3 Ma,属于晚三叠世中期岩体。跃进村岩体岩性以石英二长岩为主,属于准铝质、钙碱性系列,轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素略亏损,属于I型花岗岩。云头砬子岩体岩性以碱长花岗岩为主,属于准铝质、碱性系列,轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素略亏损,属于A型花岗岩。两个岩体可能形成于海西—印支期造山带的造山隆起至后造山伸展环境的转换期。     

西秦岭甘青交界一带晚三叠世火山岩岩石成因及构造指示意义

西秦岭甘肃、青海交界一带中生代火山岩较为发育,火山岩组成以安山质、流纹质为主,均为高钾钙碱性火山岩,主、微量元素含量变化较大。SiO2的质量分数为5667%～7817%,平均6978%, Al2O3含量较高(1277%～1729%,平均1464%)。TiO2含量少(002％～075%,平均022%),Na2O/K2O比值较小(003％～268%,平均065%)。轻稀土元素中等富集,重稀土元素相对亏损,稀土元素配分曲线明显右倾,具Eu负异常。安山质火山岩与流纹质火山岩稀土元素球粒陨石配分曲线中重稀土型式明显不同,暗示二者来自不同的源区。微量元素中P、Nb、Ti、Ta等高场强元素(HFS)相对亏损,Th、 Ba、K、Rb等大离子亲石元素相对富集。研究区安山岩LA ICP MS锆石U Pb同位素定年结果为(236±12)Ma,代表了火山岩的喷发年龄。它们形成于隆务峡蛇绿岩洋壳向南俯冲的活动大陆边缘弧环境,为俯冲洋壳在地幔深部发生高程度部分熔融作用的产物,并在上升过程中受到陆壳物质作用。在岩浆演化过程受部分熔融和分异结晶作用的控制,但安山质火山岩主要受控于分异结晶作用,而流纹质火山岩受部分熔融作用较大。     

西秦岭天水地区晚三叠世柴家庄二长花岗岩及其暗色包体地球化学——岩石成因及岩浆混合作用

晚三叠世花岗岩类在秦岭-大别造山带西端广泛分布,其成因机制及地球动力学背景的研究对于反演华北、扬子两大板块沿秦岭-大别造山带在三叠纪时期的拼合历史具有重要意义.本文选择西秦岭天水地区柴家庄晚三叠世二长花岗岩及其中的暗色包体进行精细的岩石学和地球化学研究.暗色包体中普遍发育针状磷灰石及斜长石捕掳晶,暗示岩浆混合作用;暗色包体具有较低的SiO2（60.27%~60.38%）、高的Mg#（54~55）和Nb/Ta比值（14.8~16.6）,表明其来源于富集岩石圈地幔的部分熔融作用;寄主二长花岗岩表现出典型埃达克岩的地球化学特征,其富集Sr、Ba,亏损Y和HREE,岩石的Sr/Y比值介于88~98之间,Y/Yb比值介于13~15之间,暗示源区有石榴石残余.结合前人的研究结果,提出柴家庄二长花岗岩可能为增厚的造山带下地壳在碰撞后伸展环境下发生部分熔融作用的产物,可能与晚三叠世时期秦岭造山带的板片断离作用有关     

西秦岭中—晚三叠世构造属性:来自将其那梁侵入杂岩体的年代学及地球化学证据

西秦岭造山带印支早期的构造环境仍存在较多争论,选择西秦岭将其那梁杂岩体进行详细的年代学、岩石学及地球化学分析,以期对该科学问题进行深入探讨。将其那梁杂岩体由石英闪长岩和花岗斑岩组成,石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(240.0±1.5) Ma,形成时代为中三叠世,属于早印支期。将其那梁杂岩体具有富钾(K₂O=3.09%~3.54%)、富碱(K₂O+Na₂O=6.44%~7.20%)和过铝质(A/CNK=1.05~1.56)特征,Mg^#值(54~67)较高,属于过铝质高钾钙碱性岩类。将其那梁杂岩体石英闪长岩和花岗斑岩具有相似的微量元素及稀土元素组成,轻重稀土元素分馏明显(LREE/HREE=8.19~14.63),呈右倾特征,显示无或弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.87~1.03),具有亏损Nb、Ta、Zr等高场强元素和富集Ba、Rb、Sr等大离子亲石元素的地球化学特征。岩石地球化学特征指示,将其那梁杂岩体主要源于下地壳高钾变基性岩的部分熔融,且有幔源物质参与其中。结合区域地质背景,认为将其那梁杂岩体形成于火山弧构造环境,可能与中—晚三叠世阿尼玛卿—勉略洋向北俯冲有关,反映了中—晚三叠世西秦岭地区具有活动大陆边缘的属性。     

Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of the Late Triassic Tadong adakitic pluton in West Qinling,central China

The tectonic setting of the West Qinling orogenic belt (QOB) during the Middle–Late Triassic remains a subject of debate. Petrogenesis of adakitic granodiorite plays a critical role in determining the nature of the lower continental crust and mantle dynamics during orogenic processes in the region. The Tadong adakitic granodiorite pluton in the western part of the West QOB is an important element of this system. Its petrogenesis can place severe constraints on the nature of the lower continental crust and mantle dynamics during the formation of the orogenic belt. U–Pb dates obtained through zircon laser-ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry indicate that the Tadong pluton was emplaced at 220.2 ± 2.5 Ma, coeval with abundant magmatic rocks in the region. This indicates a prominent magmatic event in the western part of West Qinling during the Late Triassic. Geochemically the granodiorites are metaluminous to peraluminous high-K calc-alkalic and characterized by relatively high SiO₂ (63.84–67.91 wt.%), Al₂O₃ (15.39–16.54 wt.%), and Sr (435.08–521.64 ppm), and low MgO (1.16–1.88 wt.%; Mg# = 38–46), Y (5.49–8.84 ppm) and Yb (0.34–0.91 ppm) contents, variable Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.87–1.1), and high Sr/Y (51.72–84.45) ratios. These are compositional features of adakites that are commonly assumed to have been produced through partial melting of subducted oceanic basalt. In addition, the adakitic rocks are relatively enriched in light rare earth elements, large ion lithophile elements (Rb, Ba, Sr, Th, and K), and depleted in high field strength elements. However, petrological, geochronological, and geochemical characteristics indicate that the adakitic rocks were most likely formed by partial melting of a thickened mafic lower crust. Therefore, we suggest that the Tadong adakitic granodiorites were produced in a syn-collisional regime and associated with asthenospheric upwelling triggered by slab break-off or gravitational instability. This mechanism was responsible for generating the Late Triassic magmatism of West Qinling.     

Incremental emplacement and syn-tectonic deformation of Late Triassic granites in the Qinling Orogen: Structural and geochronological constraints

Granitoids are important components of major orogenic belts, and provide important information about the regional geodynamic evolution. The emplacement mechanism of granite plutons and its relationship with regional tectonics has long been discussed, although it still remains debated. The Qinling Orogen within the Central China Orogen was marked by the emplacement of numerous Late Triassic granitic plutons. Although the petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of these intrusions have been addressed in various studies, their tectonic setting remains controversial, particularly since the structural aspects not been evaluated in detail. In this study, we attempt to reconstruct the emplacement process of the Late Triassic Dongjiangkou pluton in the South Qinling Belt. Field observations show extensive syn-plutonic deformations both in the pluton and its contact zones. Microstructural observations demonstrate that fabrics in the pluton were mainly acquired during submagmatic flow to high-T solid-state deformation. Zircon U–Pb ages reveal that the pluton is a composite intrusion which is composed of two juxtaposed small plutons with distinct ages (~210 Ma and ~200 Ma). Al-in-hornblende thermobarometer indicates that the pluton was formed at depths ranging from 4.7 km to 8.8 km, with an increasing depth trend from the inner unit to the outer unit. Distribution of the internal fabrics shows two concentric patterns which are concordant with pluton margins at the pluton scale and were probably induced by the regional sinistral transpression. Integrating these analyses, an incremental emplacement model is proposed for the syn-tectonic pluton. This model not only solves the ‘room problem’ but also accounts for the zoned petrological features of the pluton. Combined with previous studies, we suggest that the Late Triassic granite plutons in the Qinling Orogen were emplaced under a syn-collisional convergence setting, and that the granite magmatism was probably controlled by regional tectonics. Additionally, the incremental emplacement model may be a common mechanism for the Late Triassic granite plutons.     

Magnetic fabric and modeled strain distribution in the head of a nested granite diapir,the Melechov pluton,Bohemian Massif

The Melechov pluton, Bohemian Massif, is interpreted as a mid-crustal nested granitic diapir with an apical part exposed at the present-day erosion level. The diapir head exhibits a concentric structure defined by lithologic zoning and by the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS). In concert with theoretical models, outward-dipping margin-parallel magnetic foliations are associated with oblate shapes of the susceptibility ellipsoids and higher degree of anisotropy, passing inward into weaker triaxial to prolate fabric. By contrast, magnetic fabric in an inner granite unit is in places oriented at a high angle to internal contacts and is interpreted as recording an internal diapir circulation. We use inverse modeling to calculate strain variations across the diapir from the AMS data. The magnetic fabric parameters and calculated strains are in agreement with strain distribution in heads of model Newtonian diapirs traveling a distance of two body radii and suggest granitic magma ascent as a crystal-poor suspension followed by crystallization of fabric markers and their response to strain near the final emplacement level. The intrusive fabric thus formed late but, though generally weak, was still capable of recording incremental strain gradient in the granite diapir.     

Petrogenesis and geochemistry of the host monzogranite and mafic enclaves from the Triassic Wulong pluton in South Qinling,central China

The Wulong pluton was emplaced in the metamorphic complex of the Mesoproterozoic Foping Group, South Qinling. A few mafic enclaves which are rounded in shape with sharp boundaries with the host granites in the southern part of the pluton. Based on petrography, geochemistry and chronology data, it is indicated that the Wulong pluton shows some adakitic affinities with depletion in HREE (Yb=0.33–0.96 μg/g, Y=4.77–11.2 μg/g); enrichment in Sr (643–1115 μg/g) and Ba (775–1386 μg/g), high Sr/Y ratios (57.3–160) and Y/Yb ratios (11.0–14.3), and slightly negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.70–0.83). These patterns suggest a feldspar-poor and garnet±amohibole-rich fractionation mineral assemblage. The mafic enclaves have high concentrations of Mg (MgO=4.15%–8.13%), Cr (14.8–371 μg/g), and Ni (20.0–224 μg/g), and high Nb/Ta ratios (15.42–21.9). It seems that the underplating mantle magma was responsible for the generation of the mafic magma. Companied with the results of investigations for the Qinling Orogenic Belt, it was found that partial melting of the thickened lower crust, which was triggered by the underplated mantle-derived magmas, had generated the felsic magma. The Wulong pluton provided evidence for a mixing and mingling process of two kinds of mamma. Its formation probably represents the oceanic slab breakoff during the late orogenic stage in the Qinling area.     

Geochronology and geochemistry of the Late Triassic Longtan pluton in South China: termination of the crustal melting and Indosinian orogenesis

The Indosinian orogeny is recorded by Triassic angular unconformities in Vietnam and South China and by widely occurring granitoids in the Yunkai-Nanling and the Xuefengshan belts of South China. The Longtan pluton in the northwestern part of the Xuefengshan belt is a typical high-K, calc-alkaline, I-type granitoid, which can shed light on the relationship between the Indosinian tectonic and magmatic activity in the region. Three precise zircon U–Pb ages yielded a mean of 218 ± 0.8 Ma, which is taken as the age of crystallization. The pluton consists of both granodiorite (64.59–68.01 % SiO₂ and 3.25–4.22 % K₂O) and granite (70.49–71.80 % SiO₂ and 4.07–4.70 % K₂O). The granodiorites are characterized by relatively high Mg# (54–57), low contents of Na₂O (3.2–4.3 wt%), low abundances of incompatible elements (LILE, Nb and P), high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.7175–0.7184) and negative ε_Nd(t) (?9.98 to ?9.72). REE patterns show moderate fractionation ((La/Yb)_cn = 8.07–18.80) with negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.62–0.86). Compared with the granodiorite, the granite has a wider range of Mg# (49–59), lower contents of Na₂O (2.8–4.2 wt%), higher initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.7232–0.7243) and more negative ε_Nd(t) (?12.07 to ?11.24) values. REE patterns are relatively flat ((La/Yb)_cn = 14.73–29.37) with smaller negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.48–0.63). The granodiorite has lower K₂O/Na₂O and Al₂O₃/(MgO + FeO_Tot) values than the granite. Based on major and trace element geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopes, we interpret the Longtan granodioritic magma to have been derived by partial melting of interlayered Proterozoic metabasaltic to metatonalitic source rocks, whereas the granite was probably derived from a mixture of Proterozoic metagraywackes and metaigneous rocks. Field, petrographic and geochemical evidence indicate that partial melting and fractional crystallization were the dominant mechanism in the evolution of the pluton. The Longtan granodiorites and granites are petrologically and geochemically similar to typical Indosinian varieties and are considered to have been produced in a similar manner. The Indosinian granitoids in the region show a magmatic peak age of ~238 Ma from the Yunkai-Nanling belt in the southeast and a magmatic peak age of ~218 Ma of the Xuefengshan belt to the northwest. These early and late magmatic episodes of the Indosinian granitoids also display slight variations of regular compositions, ε_Nd(t) values and T _DM ages. Thus, we propose a syncollisional extension model that Indosinian granitoids were generated by decompressional partial melting of crustal materials triggered by two extensions during collision of the Indochina and South China blocks. The Longtan pluton in the northwesternmost part of the orogenic belt marks the termination of the Indosinian magmatism and orogenesis.     

大兴安岭中段晚三叠世四分组效应花岗岩的厘定及其地质意义

布敦化岩体位于中亚造山带东段大兴安岭地区的科尔沁右翼中旗,该岩体由中细粒二云母花岗岩和斑状中细粒白云母花岗岩组成。LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测试显示布敦化岩体形成于晚三叠世早期。地球化学分析表明,该岩体为弱过铝质-过铝质、高钾钙碱性系列,主量元素表现出高硅(73.73%~78.33%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=7.07%~9.06%)、低钙(Ca O=0.01%~0.87%)、贫镁(Mg O=0.12%~0.52%)的特征;稀土元素具有明显的Eu负异常和M型四分组效应配分型式。岩石学和地球化学特征显示布敦化岩体为高分异I型花岗岩。Lu-Hf同位素研究显示其εHf(t)值为7.0~12.4,二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)为812~473Ma。结合邻区晚三叠世地质资料可知,布敦化岩体是在古亚洲洋闭合造山后伸展的构造背景下产生的,是晚元古代-早古生代地壳物质熔融的产物。布敦化地区的四分组效应花岗岩的稀土元素总量高、岩浆侵位后经历了强烈的分异演化,暗示布敦化地区可能具有较好的稀有金属矿的找矿前景。     

Nature and origin of Triassic igneous activity in the Western Qinling Orogen: the Wenquan composite pluton example

The Western Qinling has been acknowledged to witness superimposed orogeny including north subduction of Paleotethys ocean and collision between North China and South China blocks; however, the precise timing constraints on transition of tectonic regime are remaining enigmatic. The Wenquan composite batholith comprising five phases and mafic enclaves is an ideal example to unlock this puzzle. The host granitoids are felsic, metaluminous to peraluminous, and high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic suite with I-type affinity. The mafic enclaves, however, are intermediate, and high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic. Zircon ages of multiple phases indicate an episodic growth lasting nearly 30 million years ranging from 238, 228, 218 to 208 Ma, consistent to Triassic igneous activity recording a transition regime from a subduction setting to a syn-collision setting and a post-collision setting in Western Qinling. Lead isotopes of whole-rock and K-feldspar at Wenquan and Lu-Hf isotopes of zircons separated from biotite monzogranite porphyry, porphyritic monzogranite, monzogranite porphyry, and hosted mafic enclaves suggest that the heat and the hot mafic melt initiated by the break-off of the northward subducting South China block lithosphere triggered partial melting of the Mesoproterozoic subcontinental lithospheric mantle to produce mafic magmas, and the underplated mafic magmas caused partial melting of the shallow subducted Mesoproterozoic lower crust generating granitic magmas at Wenquan. Combined our field observations and petrology study with a holistic review on previous geochronological and geochemical data of Triassic granitoids throughout the Western Qinling, we in this contribution proposed that the Triassic igneous activity in the Western Qinling corresponding to superimposed orogeny evolved from the northward subduction of Palaeotethys ocean (250–235 Ma) through syn-collision (228–215 Ma) to post-collision (215–185 Ma) between the North China and South China blocks.     

南秦岭镇安西部晚三叠世煌斑岩脉地球化学特征及其对构造环境的指示

煌斑岩是反映深部构造-岩浆作用和源区地球化学性质的良好地质体。对南秦岭镇安西部地区出露的煌斑岩脉进行系统研究, 用LA-ICP-MS测定了煌斑岩中锆石U-Pb同位素, 得到其206Pb/238U年龄为222.2±1.2Ma(MSWD=0.38, n=15), 此年龄代表脉体的形成年龄, 属晚三叠世。地球化学分析表明, 岩石属钙碱性钾质-超钾质系列, 轻稀土元素和Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素富集, 重稀土元素和Nb、Ti等高场强元素亏损, 具有俯冲带幔源岩石的成分特征; 岩石具有较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7066~0.7076)和较低的εNd(t)值(-5.77~-4.62);锆石176Hf/177Hf值为0.28250~0.28287, εHf(t)值为-4.75~1.89, 锆石二阶段Hf模式年龄与全岩Nd二阶段模式年龄主要集中于中元古代(1.3~1.5Ga)。综合分析表明, 煌斑岩的源区为中元古代富集地幔, 形成于后碰撞伸展构造环境。在晚三叠世(220Ma左右)后碰撞伸展构造环境下, 勉略洋壳俯冲过程中形成的流体交代富集地幔在构造减压、深部物质上涌提供热和流体的共同作用下, 发生部分熔融, 形成具EMⅡ型同位素特征的镁铁质岩浆, 镁铁质岩浆沿后碰撞伸展阶段形成的裂隙上升侵位形成煌斑岩脉。