区域可持续发展DSS的几个关键技术问题探讨

决策支持系统（DSS）是多项计算机技术的综合运用。文章探讨了分布式网络技术、定性定量相结合的模型管理技术、定性推理与模糊决策技术、信息融合技术、综合集成技术、研讨技术等在区域可持续发展决策支持系统中的应用,提出虚拟化区域可持续发展决策支持系统（V-DSS）的工作模式,并探讨了V-DSS在中国沿海地区的应用。     

大连市近岸海域水环境改善与城市社会经济协调发展

大连是中国北方沿海重要的中心城市和国际风景旅游城市,环境与经济的协调发展是大连城市可持续发展的关键.近年来,由于经济的飞速发展,近岸海域水环境不断恶化。文章在对大连市近岸海域水环境动态分析的基础上,进一步研究了近岸海域水环境与社会经济的协调发展。最后提出了大连市近岸海域水环境与社会经济协调发展措施。     

区域经济系统初探

从区域经济学科发展的特点出发,运用马克思主义政治经济学和系统论的原理,分析了区域经济系统的组成要素、内部结构和成长机制等。对学科的进一步发展做了探讨,最后系统地分析和归纳了加速落后地区经济发展的发展战略     

区域经济结构调整与水环境保护--以陕西关中地区为例

结合水资源可再生性理论,对陕西关中水环境保护进行研究。采用定量的系统分析方法,建立区域水环境经济系统的产业结构优化 工业结构优化模型。结果表明,在推荐的产业结构和工业结构下,既可以保证经济按规划的速度发展,达到总的经济目标,同时又能够满足水环境污染控制的目标,保护水环境,从而实现水环境与经济的协调发展。     

水环境空间信息管理系统的设计和实现

在分析水环境信息特点的基础上,建立了基于Ｃｌｉｅｎｔ／Ｓｅｒｖｅｒ和ＧＩＳ的水环境空间信息管理系统,重点介绍系统的体系结构、空间数据库及其功能。     

渭河咸阳段水环境管理信息系统的设计

咸阳城区段水环境管理信息系统(简称XYWEMIS)是咸阳市城市水环境综合整治规划的重要组成部分,以实现渭河咸阳段水环境监测资料计算机化管理、水环境质量信息图形的直观显示、水环境质量评价为目标,通过XYWEMIS的结构设计、功能设计、数据库设计及系统实现等技术手段,改变现有的咸阳城区段水环境管理模式,提高水环境监测数据的综合利用率,为咸阳城区段水环境数据的规范化和科学化管理奠定一定基础.     

省级农村经济决策支持系统

省级农村经济决策支持系统通过对大量的农村经济信息筛选、分析，最后制订出方案，实现辅助决策者进行科学决策的目标。即一方面为政府部门宏观指导农业和农村经济的发展提供决策支持；另一方面为农户的微观农业生产、家庭经营活动提供咨询服务。实现宏观计划控制与微观市场调节有机的结合，使分散无序的农户生产经营活动纳入有序的商品经济轨道，促进农村经济持续、快速、健康的发展     

农村经济决策支持系统

省级农村经济决策支持系统通过大量的农村经济信息筛选，分析，最后制订出方案，实现辅助 决策者进行科学决策的目的。即一方面为政府部门宏观指导农业和农村经济的发展提供决策支持另一方面为农户的微观农业生产，家庭经营活动提供咨询服务。     

城市水环境分析模型系统的国际化与本土化研究

人类生态环境的退化是新世纪全球可持续发展所面临的重大问题，而城市水环境污染治理的中心业已从发达国家转移到发展中国家。我们在参与上海市水环境污染治理研究中认识到；在借鉴国际上先进的水环境分析模型系统的同时，必须运用先进的地理信息系统技术，开发本土化的空间模拟系统，才能使模型分析更有效的应用于我国城市水环境治理的决策中。本文结合作者近期研发成果，重点介绍国际上著名的水环境分析模型从数值处理，图表显示，空间可视化到动态模拟系统的发展态势及其我们的模型本土化开发中创建的方法与技术特点。     

空间规划决策支持系统在区域主体功能区划分中的应用

按照国家“十一五”规划中关于主体功能区划分的要求,将英国Pearce教授的自然资本不能减少的强可持续发展生态阈值理论与主体功能区划分的生态评价技术相结合,以潜力一阻力模型为基础,首次通过构建可开发度指数（PDI）和四力模型,创建一套主体功能区划分的综合指标体系,包括生态敏感性、环境压力、社会经济发展潜力和自然资源潜力等...     

Design of environmental decision support system and its application to water quality management

1 IntroductionEnvironmental decision support systems could be divided into two categories by their organizational form and system functions. One is regional environmental analytical system based on commercial GIS and assisted by environmental models, such as BASINS developed by the American NEPA using ARC/VIEW as its user platform and including QUAL2E and NPSM as its prediction tools. The other is environmental information and prediction system based on mathematical models, such as…     

Design of environmental decision support system and its application to water quality management

EDSS is a comprehensive software system for water quality management in tidal river networks in general and for the Pearl River Delta in particular. Its purpose is to provide a practical tool that could assist government agencies in decision making for the efficient management of water resources in terms of both quantity and quality. By combining the capabilities of geographical information system (GIS), database management system (DBMS), model base management system (MBMS) and expert system, the aim is to improve the quality of decision making in what is becoming an increasingly complex area. This paper first outlines the basic concepts and philosophy adopted in developing EDSS, the system architecture, design features, implementation techniques and facilities provided. Thereafter, the core part of the system — the hydrodynamic and water quality models are described briefly. The final contribution in this paper describes the application of EDSS to the Pearl River Delta, which has the most complicated tidal river network patterns as well as the fastest economic development in the world. Examples are given of the real-world problems that can be addressed using the system, including cross-boundary water pollution analysis, regional drinking water take-up site selection, screening of important polluters, environmental impact assessment, and water quality zoning and planning. It is illustrated that EDSS can provide efficient and scientific analytical tools for planning and decision-making purposes in the information era.     

An enhanced supervised spatial decision support system of image classification: consideration on the ancillary information of paddy rice area

The analysis, measurement, and computation of remote sensing images often require an enhanced supervised classification technique to develop an efficient spatial decision support system. Rice is a crop of global importance, which has drawn a great interest in using remote sensing techniques for evaluating its production. Ancillary information is widely used to improve the classification accuracy of satellite images. However, few of these studies questioned the importance and strategies of using this ancillary information. The enhanced decision support system in our study has two stages. In the first stage, the images are obtained from the remote sensing technique and the ancillary information is employed to increase the accuracy of classification. In the second stage, it is decided to construct an efficiently supervised classifier, which is used to evaluate the ancillary information. Back-propagation neural network (BPN) with extended delta bar delta (EDBD) algorithm is incorporated into our decision support classifier system. This classifier renders two crucial contributions: (1) the EDBD algorithm accelerates the convergence speed of the learning process and (2) the relative importance (RI) on each band of ancillary information is evaluated rationally.     

A cyber-enabled spatial decision support system to inventory Mangroves in Mozambique: coupling scientific workflows and cloud computing

Mangroves are an important terrestrial carbon reservoir with numerous ecosystem services. Yet, it is difficult to inventory mangroves because of their low accessibility. A sampling approach that produces accurate assessment while maximizing logistical integrity of inventory operation is often required. Spatial decision support systems (SDSSs) provide support for integrating such a sampling design of fieldwork with operational considerations and evaluation of alternative scenarios. However, this fieldwork design driven by SDSS is often computationally intensive and repetitive. In this study, we develop a cyber-enabled SDSS framework to facilitate the computationally challenging fieldwork design that requires the efficacious selection of base camps and plots for the inventory of mangroves. Our study area is the Zambezi River Delta, Mozambique. Cyber-enabled capabilities, including scientific workflows and cloud computing, are integrated with the SDSS. Scientific workflows enable the automation of data and modeling tasks in the SDSS. Cloud computing offers on-demand computational support for interoperation among stakeholders for collaborative scenario evaluation for the fieldwork design of mangrove inventory. Further, this framework allows for harnessing high-performance computing capabilities for accelerating the fieldwork design. The cyber-enabled framework provides significant merits in terms of effective coordination among science and logistical teams, assurance of meeting inventory objectives, and an objective basis to collectively and efficaciously evaluate alternative scenarios.     

水资源可持续利用规划耦合模型与应用

介绍了水资源可持续利用规划耦合模型和应用实例。从数学形式上看,它是多目标优化模型,目标函数选用自由度较高并具竞争性的系统状态指标;约束条件应该包括各相关子系统的状态模拟方程,使模拟与优化实现耦合。在研究实例中,选用了GDP和COD排放量指标来表征研究区的经济发展和环境状况,约束条件主要包括水资源系统模拟模型和宏观经济系统扩大再生产—投入产出耦合模型。由于水资源可持续利用规划决策是半结构化的决策问题,开发决策支持系统辅助决策有助于提高决策的科学性和有效性。     

区域调水规模的指标体系与PRED综合论证

初步提出了在论证区域调水规模的指标体系及基于人口（Ｐ）、资源（Ｒ）、环境（Ｅ）与发展（Ｄ）的ＰＲＥＤ综合论证的思路。以北京市水资源开发利用为案例,由传统的供需分析和以人为中心的ＰＲＥＤ综合协调分析分别对北京市的用水及趋势作了论证,二相互印证,分析结果较为可靠。通过分析得到,北京市水资源可维持现状下的开发利用。     

基于GIS的洪水灾害评估智能决策支持系统设计

针对洪水灾害评估的特点，将地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）技术与智能决策支持系统结合起来，设计了用于洪水灾害评估的智能决策支持系统，阐述了其设计原理，讨论和分析于基于ＧＩＳ的洪水灾害评估智能决策支持系统的组成模式，给出了其总体设计框架。     

田野考古地理信息系统研究与建设

基于地理信息系统(GIS)技术建立“田野考古地理信息系统”(FAGIS),为田野考古发掘、研究以及文化遗产保护提供了一种数字化的手段与方法。针对用户“个性化服务”的应用需求,进行了系统柔性平台的框架设计,并分别介绍了基于摄影测量技术的数据采集与处理、考古知识获取与管理、空间决策支持、体视化与虚拟考古环境构建四个主要功能及其研究与实现的途径。