Excel在单一线法定线中的应用

应用Excel强大的绘图和函数功能,处理水文资料整编中单一线法图形的绘制和水位～流量关系曲线的拟合,具有很多优势:可以减少整编定线中因徒手绘制而导致的任意性,减小整编的工作量,提高工作效率和整编精度;并且拟合后的曲线用函数表达更便于计算机处理。以河边水文站2009年实测流量资料为例,说明Excel在单一线法整编定线中的应用。     

梧州水文(三)站推流方法的优选

梧州水文(三)站是西江的首要控制站，历年来采用连时序绳套曲线法进行流量资料整编和水文情报预报查读流量，此法要求的流量测点多，工作量大，人工定线时还会造成一定的误差，且不适应计算机处理。通过连时序绳套曲线法、水位后移法、校正因数法、涨落比例法的对比分析，认为涨落比例法最符合梧州水文(三)站的测站特性，是一种有较高精度，便于电算化处理的资料整编和水文情报预报查读、计算相应流量，且能满足各方面要求的推流方法。     

洪水绳套曲线的模拟

目前在用电子计算机整编水文资料的工作中,对于较复杂的水位流量关系曲线,一般采取人工定线、输入节点、用插值方法进行推流。但是随着电子计算机进一步在水文资料整编中的应用,随着水文观测仪器的发展,观测数据逐步信息化,因此必须考虑对于复杂的水位流量关系曲线用电子计算机进行自动定线的问题。     

水文资料整编工作相关问题分析

水文资料为我国水利和国民经济建设与发展提供了科学决策依据,水文在各行各业中的作用越来越突出。水文站收集的原始水文资料是瞬时值,无使用价值,必须经过整编才能服务于社会。随着社会经济的发展,社会对水文资料精度的要求也越来越高,这就要求水文工作者要不断提高资料整编质量,具体措施如下：提高水文测验精度;对于定线工作要严格把好关;资料整编人员要加强业务学习,提高综合业务水平;参编人员要充分发挥自己的工作积极性和主观能动性。     

一元三点插值法推流误差分析

水文资料电算整编程序中,目前一般采用一元三点插值法推求流量。这一方法,上机简便;运算速度快;采用分段插值,对水位～流量关系曲线的适应性较强;推流误差较小,是一种较为适用的方法。但在实践中,有时发现局部线段与人工整编方法推流相差较大的情形。为此,对一元三点插值法推流误差进行分析,研究其误差产生的原因,探讨误差控制的方法,对保证水文资料电算整编成果的推流精度,将具有重要意义。     

水文信息处理系统研究

水文信息处理系统是在Windows环境下、用Visual Basic 6．0高级语言研制开发的智能水文资料整编软件，引用数据库存储信息，调用Excel输出整编成果。该软件实现了水位、流量、泥沙等要素关系线的自动生成和人工辅助定线，并完成全部整编计算工作，结束了我国水文资料电算整编工作中依靠手工定线整编的历史，解决了计算机定线、推流和成果输出一次完成的技术难题，真正实现了水文资料整编计算机化。     

郝家店水文站宽顶堰测流研究

郝家店水文站是实施跨河水工建筑物测流技术研究站之一,根据其测站概况,选取上一年的实测流量成果,建立水位堰流量系数关系曲线,最后确定宽顶堰测流方法,根据分析与计算检验,通过水位流量关系得出定线精度,系统误差为0.0%;不确定度为2.2%,完全符合《水文资料整编规范》。     

用对数函数选配水位流量关系曲线

确定水位流量关系曲线是流量资料整编的关键。对于电算整编来说,研究机器定线的方法,是有一定意义的。用机器定线,就要找一种适用的数学模式。以往,常假定水位流量关系式为:     

水位流量关系曲线的理论求解研究

水位流量关系是水文资料整编的关键,其精度与合理性直接影响着水文资料整编的可靠性.但现有的水位流量关系曲线多为经验或半经验的关系,精度不高,而且受个人的经验和水平影响,使得结果往往因人而异.本文在前人研究的基础上,通过理论的推导,给出了合理的水位流量关系曲线的理论公式.通过黄河小浪底、花园口站的实测资料验证,结果合理,应用简单.     

多因素影响下流量资料电算整编方法的初步探讨——湘潭站整编实例

对于水流受多种因素影响的水文测站,如何用计算机完成包括定线(水位流量关系曲线)在内的一系列整编过程是当前正在探讨的问题。湘潭水文站是一个既受洪水涨落影响,又受洞庭湖和下游浏阳河回水顶托等多因素影响的水文测站,而且能用来计算落差的水位资料仅有下游相距45km的长沙站水位资料,这给     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861