贵州剑河寒武系黔东统杷榔组沉积环境 及生物地层再研究 ——以剑河交榜剖面为例

贵州剑河交榜剖面杷榔组顶底完整,三叶虫序列完整,产出掘头虫类三叶虫5属7种。其中Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron,1899,Changaspis elongata Lee in Chien,1961,Arthricocephalites jishouensis(Zhou in Zhou et al.),1977,3个种也出现在北美格陵兰的Henson Glatsche组,提供了三叶虫全球对比的重要信息。其中A.chauveaui在交榜剖面杷榔组底部4 m首现,延伸至近顶部278 m。交榜剖面杷榔组岩石地层、生物地层和年代地层研究信息表明该剖面更适合作杷榔组岩石地层标准剖面,该剖面应是A.chauveaui首现点位定义的都匀阶界线层型剖面。可能是全球寒武系第4阶具有竟争潜力的界线层型剖面。     

New Bradoriid Arthropods from the Early Cambrian Balang Formation of Eastern Guizhou, South China

The Early Cambrian Balang Formation is comprised of mudrock and shale, which was deposited in a shelf environment in the eastern part of Guizhou, south China. The Balang Fauna, which consists of seven phyla, occurs in the middle and upper parts of the Balang Formation. Arthropods are important constituents of the Balang Fauna and include a great number of trilobites, large bivalved arthropods, and newly-discovered well-preserved bradoriid fossils. The bradoriids present include three genera and four species : Comptaluta inflata (Cheng, 1974) emend Hou et al., 2002; Comptaluta kailiensis sp. nov., and Alutella elongeta sp. nov., Aluta sp. This faunal assemblage in the Balang Formation is distinguished from the Tsunyiella Chang, 1964, Songlinella Yin, 1978 and Kunmingella Hou, 1956 assemblage which occurs in the Niutitang and Mingxinsi formations of the Yangtze Platform in middle region of Guizhou and which is earlier than the Balang Formation in age. However, this assemblage resembles the Comptaluta pik, 1968 assemblage from the Early Cambrian Heilinpu Formation in Wuding County, Yuanan Province and from the Ordian Stage of the Cambrian of Australia. The great abundance of Comptaluta pik, 1968 and overall taxonomic diversity of the Comptaluta pik, 1968 assemblage set it distinctly apart from the Alutella Kobayashi et Kato, 1951 and Aluta Hou, 1956 assemblages of the Balang Formation. Alutella Kobayashi et Kato, 1951 and Aluta Hou, 1956 also occur in the Early Cambrian Niutitang Formation of the Yangtze Platform of Guizhou. Individual Bradoriids from the Balang Formation are characterized by large size (3 mm). The discovery of new Bradoriid assemblages not only expands the group’s geographical range and assemblage affinities, but also indicates that Bradoriids migrated eastward from shallow-water to deeper-water environments during the Early Cambrian, indicating that they were capable of life in deeper-water, and adaptation to a new ecological setting.     

贵州东部下寒武统杷榔组吐卓虫（Tuzoia）的发现

早、中寒武世广泛分布于全球的无腹大型双瓣壳节肢动物吐卓虫（Tuzoia），壳体由左右两壳瓣组成，多保存为单壳瓣，壳的中部有一具刺的侧脊，壳面多具网状的壳饰；吐卓虫（Tuzoia）生活于浅水或深水区，是一个广相性的节肢动物。凯里市西北郊翁岭塘下寒武统（或华南寒武系新地层系统的黔东统）杷榔组上部灰绿色粉砂质泥岩、页岩中产有与这个属的模式种Tuzoia retifera Walcott，1912非常相似的一相似种Tuzoia cf．T.retifera Walcott 1912．这是Tuzoia在较深水相杷榔组的初次发现，是目前所知在贵州的最低产出层位，丰富了杷榔组生物的组成面貌，也是中国华南地区早寒武世吐卓虫（Tuzoia）向东扩散并由浅水向深水迁移的证据。     

贵州台江革一黔东统杷榔组沉积环境初探

贵州台江革一杷榔组出露完整、富含化石,其中—上部层位产有类群组合多样的杷榔动物群,为杷榔动物群的一个重要产地。本文通过详细的野外观察,结合生物化石保存情况及岩石薄片的分析结果,对革一杷榔组沉积环境及其海平面变化规律进行了综合分析,认为革一杷榔组的沉积位于盐度正常、较深水的陆棚环境,生物生活环境多为氧化—弱氧化环境,富含化石的层位经历了快速沉积事件,整组的沉积由底向上海水经历了由深至浅的变化过程,但其间经历2次小的波动,水体变深后变浅,并出现还原—氧化界面的波动 。     

贵州丹寨南皋地区中寒武统甲劳组的遗迹化石

贵州丹寨南皋是中国南方寒武系典型地层剖面的地区之一。描述了产自中寒武统甲劳组的遗迹化石Chondrites ichnosp., Beaconichnus jiaolaoensis （nov. ichnosp.）, Bifungites ichnosp., Diplichnites danzhaiensis （nov. ichnosp.）, Monomor-phichnus taenia （nov. ichnosp.）, Palaeophycus tubularis, Phycodes pedum, Teichichnus rectus, T. palrnatuo 对Beaconichnus Gevoers, 1973和Qipanshanichnus Luo et Tao,1994进行了对比研究。认为这2个遗迹属为同一遗迹的不同部位。为同义名。甲劳组的遗迹化石组合属Seilacher（1964,1967）的Cruziana遗迹相,其沉积环境应为浪基面之下水动能中等的正常浅海环境。     

贵州岑巩羊桥罗家塘杷榔动物群的发现及其后生动物早期演化的意义

岑巩县羊桥乡罗家塘杷榔组仅出露中-上部地层,岩性单一,均为青灰、灰绿色粉砂质泥、页岩.在其上部层位发现了俞氏贵州始海百合(Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao,Parsley et Peng,2007),计有棘皮动物始海百合、腕足动物、软体动物-软舌螺、节肢动物-三叶虫等8属9种,包括了2个未定名的新种和1...     

A New Ichnogenus Kailidiscus Produced by Attachment from the Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation in Taijiang, Guizhou Province, China

Over 190 specimens of an attachment ichnofossil Kailidiscus （n. ichnogen.） have been found in the Kaili Bitoa, a Burgess Shale-type biota, from the middle Kaili Formation （early Middle Cambrian） in Taijiang County, Guizhou Province, southern China. Kailidiscus is an epichnia with a circular to oval attachment platform, on which there is a carbonaceous film probably formed by the body of the living organism. Structures such as a marginal furrow, an inner and outer marginal ride, many convex fold-ridges, and a large caved peripheral furrow on the attachment platform may be the result of basal tissues of a sessile organism that wrinkled to increase the attachment＇s surface area. The Kailidiscus organism may have been a sessile cnidarian attached to the muddy seafioor. Kailidiscus organisms lived in relatively quiet water, and were buried by a sudden influx of sediment.     

湖南石门杨家坪下寒武统杷榔组三段混合沉积研究

湖南石门杨家坪下寒武统杷榔组三段发育陆源碎屑与海相碳酸盐的混合沉积。综合前人研究成果,通过对研究区野外露头资料的详细观测和室内样品分析及数据统计等工作,对研究区杷榔组三段混合沉积进行了详细的研究。研究区混合沉积特征宏观上表现为由陆源碎屑与混积物交互沉积、碳酸盐与混积物交互沉积和不同类型混积物本身的交互沉积构成的混积层系,微观上表现为陆源碎屑组分与碳酸盐组分混合沉积所形成混积岩;混合沉积类型主要为内潮汐沉积作用和浊流沉积作用形成的复合式混合沉积Ⅱ,次为深水原地沉积作用形成的渐变式混合沉积,但是不同成因的沉积作用形成的混合沉积类型往往叠加在一起,形成复合式混合沉积Ⅱ+渐变式混合沉积的混合沉积复合体;混合沉积环境为深水斜坡,发育内波、内潮汐混合沉积微相、深水原地混合沉积微相和远源浊流混合沉积微相等类型;在沉积环境分析的基础上,根据内波、内潮汐沉积特征,剖析了混合沉积的沉积机理;结合混合沉积的成因、沉积机理、产出部位及沉积环境等因素,以沉积学原理为指导,建立了研究区杷榔组三段的混合沉积模式。     

贵州台江凯里组的遗迹化石Treptichnus

贵州台江下中寒武统凯里组中产有丰富的、保存良好的Treptichnus Miller,计5个遗迹种（其中包括2个新遗迹种）：T．bifurcus Miller,T．pedum（Seilacher）,T．pollardi Buatois and Mdngano,T．arcus n．ichnosp．和T．taijiangensis n．ichnosp．,并与节肢动物的觅食迹、爬行迹和游泳迹等共生,属Cruziana遗迹相。产于凯里组的Treptichnus可能为节肢动物的居住迹。随着造迹生物身体的增长和沉积物的增厚,造迹生物在原潜穴的基础上不断地开拓新的潜穴,而构成三维空间复杂的潜穴系统。     

贵州剑河寒武纪凯里组遗迹群落中的节肢动物遗迹

贵州剑河凯里组中产有丰富的遗迹化石,本文描述了其中的节肢动物遗迹9个属23个种（其中1个新属,9个新种）和3种类型的趾迹。发现并讨论了节肢动物（三叶虫）的捕食迹和求偶迹及其形成过程;研究了节肢动物生活行为所产生行迹之间的变化,认为节肢动物各行迹之间的过渡类型的变化具有停息→爬行→行走→游泳和游泳→行走→爬行→停息两向性变化的特点,并认为在运动弯道上形成的过渡行迹可能与造迹生物在转弯处的运动惯性或与水动力造成造迹生物身体的倾斜有关。含丰富节肢动物遗迹的凯里生物群的沉积环境为正常浪基面和风暴浪基面之间的浅海软质基底低能环境。     

A New Family of Sauropod Dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Tianzhen, Shanxi Province, China

A new gigantic sauropod, Huabeisaurus allocates gen. et sp. nov., about 20 m in length and 5 m in height, was discovered in the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation, Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province. It is notably different from Diplodocidae, Titanosauridae and Nemegtosauridae in the following aspects: the teeth are strong, peg-like with a length ratio of the tooth crown to tooth root at about 3 to 1; the cervical vertebrae are long with forked spines; the spines in dorsal vertebrae are relatively high, unbifiarcated; the caudal vertebrae are amphicoelous, with anterior neural spines and unbifurcated spines and chevrons; the femur is straight and long, narrow and flat and the tibia and fibula are long and flat. These characters show that the described genus should represent a new family, Huabeisauridae fam. nov. The discovery enriches the sauropod dinosaur record in China, and is quite significant to the study of the taxonomy, evolution, migration, extinction and palaeobiogeographic provincialism of the