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热河生物群是分布于亚洲东部早白垩世的著名古生物化石群,地质时代距今120~131 Ma. 早期研究认为,热河生物群主要分布于中国冀北、辽西等地区. 直到20世纪80年代内蒙古地区开展专题区域地质研究,才陆续发现了许多新的热河生物群化石分布区域和重要的化石产地. 通过对内蒙古自治区东、西部白垩纪热河生物群分布特征及地层对比研究,明确了内蒙古热河生物群分布区域、产出层位、组合差异及古气候和古环境演变规律,进一步理清了内蒙古地区白垩纪沉积古地理、古气候和古环境演变与热河生物群辐射演化的制约和协同关系. 相似文献
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简要报道黑龙江伊春下白垩统裸子植物木化石组合,包括4科8属:柏科柏型木属Cupressinoxylon、落羽杉型木属Taxodioxylon,罗汉松科?叶枝杉型木属Phyllocladoxylon,松科雪松型木属Cedroxylon、油杉型木属Keteleerioxylon、云杉型木属Piceoxylon,红豆杉科红豆杉型木属Taxaceoxylon和异木属Xenoxylon。其中,松科木化石多样性最高,占据绝对优势。叶枝杉型木属、红豆杉型木属首次在黑龙江地区发现。当前木化石组合是东亚地区发现的类群最为丰富的白垩纪木化石组合之一,丰富了我国白垩纪裸子植物化石记录。木化石记录表明东北地区是早白垩世裸子植物多样性中心和分布中心之一。伊春木化石中非正常生长轮和创伤树脂道的出现反映了短时气候波动、自然灾害或者森林生态系统中植物与伴生生物间相互作用现象。该化石组合的进一步深入研究将为认识东亚现代裸子植物演化发展历史及其古环境、古气候背景提供重要依据。 相似文献
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贵州省拥有丰富的中生代脊椎动物化石记录,多为三叠纪海生爬行类化石,侏罗纪和白垩纪的脊椎动物化石较少。目前,贵州省已发现中生代爬行类足迹点9处,分别为贞丰牛场、贞丰龙场、安顺幺铺、赫章辅处、毕节响水(2处)、仁怀茅台、赤水宝源和习水同民足迹点。文中除描述了贞丰龙场新增的一批足迹化石外,整理并总结了所有足迹点的发现史、研究现状、足迹类型与特征以及所反映的古生态信息。已发现的遗迹记录由69条行迹和420个孤立足迹组成,足迹总数达991个。所有的遗迹化石指示了至少477个造迹者,包括海生爬行类、手兽足迹类、非鸟兽脚类、鸟类、蜥脚类和鸟臀类等,其中三叠纪以海生爬行类主导,侏罗纪和白垩纪以蜥臀类主导。这个数据集为贵州中生代古生物类群的多样性提供了重要的信息,是晚中生代稀缺骨骼化石记录的良好补充,为研究贵州省中生代脊椎动物群的古生态与古环境提供了更多的证据。 相似文献
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北京中生代地层及生物群研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在前人研究的基础上,我们对北京地区中生代地层和生物群进行了研究。依植物化石资料与岩性对比,肯定了三叠系的存在。上统含拟丹尼蕨等晚三叠世标准化石,时代明确;中统未见化石;下统含二叠—三叠纪过渡性化石,时代归属有争议。侏罗系在北京地区分布广、厚度大、矿产丰富、沉积类型复杂。文中从动、植物化石组合,岩相与火山活动等多方面做了新的探讨。白垩系出露面积很小,属断陷盆地沉积,但化石极丰富,含标准的热河生物群及与之有演替关系的房山生物群分子;另对盆地的地质演化历程也有简单叙述。 相似文献
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辽西北票中晚侏罗世髫髻山组木化石的古气候、古环境和古生态意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
木化石在陆地生态系统古气候、古环境和古生态研究方面具有重要的意义。辽西北票地区中晚侏罗世髫髻山组保存有数量丰富、类型多样且解剖构造保存完好的木化石。基于北票木化石树木年轮、树桩直径等数据计算了木材早材与晚材的比率(E/L),并推算了松柏类树木古树高。通过已有测量的树木年轮直径,应用Niklas(1994)和Mosbrugger(1994)两种方法恢复了化石森林中松柏类树木的古树高约为25m。推断中晚侏罗世的裸子植物森林树木生长的环境为以火山岩和湖相沉积为主,降水丰富。推断髫髻山组属于温暖、湿润、季节性明显的亚热带到暖温带气候,有利于植物的生长与发育。木化石木材组织中呈现的特殊解剖构造包括假轮、创伤树脂道、年轮扭曲、虫孔等,也能够揭示辽西北票中晚侏罗世植物生长过程中的古气候与古环境状况。表明辽西北票地区中晚侏罗世古气候虽然有利于植物生长,但生长期间受到了火山喷发、虫害、大风、降温等多种不利气候变化的影响与干扰。 相似文献
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成都地质调查中心云南区调项目组2007年在罗平县中三叠统关岭组二段中发现了罗平生物群。罗平生物群是三叠纪的化石宝库,化石包含了脊椎动物和无脊椎动物。脊椎动物以海生爬行类和鱼类为主。无脊椎动物以节肢动物为主,伴生有双壳类、腹足类、菊石、棘皮动物、腕足类、牙形石、有孔虫和植物类化石。牙形石研究显示罗平生物群处于Nicoraella kockeli牙形石带,时代上属于中三叠世安尼期Pelsonian亚期。罗平生物群保存在一个局限的台盆环境中。其化石的特异保存很可能与底层水缺氧和微生物席的密封作用有关。罗平生物群目前是研究三叠纪海洋生态系统复苏的最好的一扇窗口,也是三叠纪海生鱼类和节肢动物化石保存最好的产地之一,为研究二叠纪末大绝灭后海洋生态系统复苏以及中生代海洋生态系统的演化历史提供了新材料。 相似文献
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CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Julie Okpala 《GeoJournal》1990,20(1):37-43
This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics,
students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional
nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students.
The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status
in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs. 相似文献
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Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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Takeshi Nose Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,10(3):261-276
Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry. 相似文献
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2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水(地热水)中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于(亚)砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。 相似文献
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