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遥感和GIS技术应用于伊拉克南部Basrah省土地利用/覆盖变化及城市扩张研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In recent years, land use/cover dynamic change has become a key subject that needs to be dealt with in the study of global
environmental change. In this paper, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are integrated to monitor, map,
and quantify the land use/cover change in the southern part of Iraq (Basrah Province was taken as a case) by using a 1:250
000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery
into five land use and land cover (LULC) classes: vegetation, sand, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised
classification and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) were used respectively to retrieve its urban boundary. An accuracy
assessment was performed on the 2003 LULC map to determine the reliability of the map. Finally, GIS software was used to quantify
and illustrate the various LULC conversions that took place over the 13-year span of time. Results showed that the urban area
had increased by the rate of 1.2% per year, with area expansion from 3 299.1 km2 in 1990 to 3 794.9 km2 in 2003. Large vegetation area in the north and southeast were converted into urban construction land. The land use/cover
changes of Basrah Province were mainly caused by rapid development of the urban economy and population immigration from the
countryside. In addition, the former government policy of “returning farmland to transportation and huge expansion in military
camps” was the major driving force for vegetation land change. The paper concludes that remote sensing and GIS can be used
to create LULC maps. It also notes that the maps generated can be used to delineate the changes that take place over time.
Supported by the Al-Basrah University, Iraq, the Geo-information Science and Technology Program (No. IRT 0438)China). 相似文献
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基于遥感和GIS技术的北川县地震次生地质灾害分布特征 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以北川县为研究区域,利用多源、多时相卫星数据判读地震次生地质灾害,并在ARCGIS软件的支持下,对地震次生地质灾害的空间分布规律及其影响因素做相关性研究.结果发现,地层岩性、构造、水系、地形地貌等是地震次生地质灾害分布的主要影像因素.不同空间区域上各主要控制因素对次生地质灾害发育的控制力不一样.北川县的地震次生地质灾害沿北川-映秀断裂带密集分布,受岩石地层结构组分的影响,在志留纪地层中集中发育,受地形地貌的影响,在地形坡度30°-70°区域内集中发育.这些分布规律的发现,可以及时为北川县防灾规划和灾后重建提供科学依据. 相似文献
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文章在对邹城区域生态环境状况进行分析和判别的基础上,确定了邹城环境敏感性单因子及分级依据。利用SRTM3数据,提取了邹城区域高程分级和坡度数据;利用TM遥感影像,通过监督分类和和人机交互解译方法提取植被要素和土地利用/覆被数据。结合收集到的矿产资源、自然保护及风景区及采煤塌陷风险分布专题信息建立敏感性分析数据库,使用ARCGIS平台进行空间叠加分析,得到邹城区域环境敏感性分区图。发现邹城区域重度敏感区主要分布在坡度较大、易发生水土流失地区以及山地;中度敏感区主要包括地下水源地、贡献较大的水体、自然保护区和部分塌陷风险较大的区域;轻度敏感区多为天然及人工林地。对于不同敏感级别的地区应有针对性地采取保护性开发,并在土地利用中尽量避免对重度及中度敏感区的干预。最后指出了应用RS和GIS空间信息技术进行敏感性分区的作用和意义。 相似文献
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论21世纪遥感与GIS的发展 总被引:72,自引:9,他引:72
李德仁 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(2):127-131
在20世纪,人类的一大进步是实现了太空对地观测,即可以从空中和太空对人类赖以生存的地球通过非接触传感器的遥感进行观测,并将所得到的数据和信息存储在计算机网络上,为人类社会的可持续发展服务。在短短的30年中,遥感和GIS作为一个边缘交叉学科已发展成为一门科学、技术和经济实体。本文深入地论述了21世纪中遥感的6大发展趋势和GIS的5个发展特征。 相似文献
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基于RS、GIS和景观生态学原理与方法,研究深圳市域景观的空间格局特征及其动态变化.采用ERDASIMAGINE遥感数据处理软件对1995年、1999年和2008年的TM遥感影像图进行数据预处理、监督分类以及分类后处理,并通过ArcMap对经过分类后处理的图像进行编辑,得到深圳市历年的景观分类图,应用FRAGSTATS... 相似文献
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通过多源数据融合,将目前GIS中包含的地理信息作为辅助数据,引入到RS图像分析过程中。GIS数据在空间信息、目标属性和目标范围等方面对RS图像分析具有重要的引导作用。 相似文献
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论述了在已有的GIS数据基础之上,将GIS数据与知识综合运用于遥感影像监督法分类的分类方法,着重对样区的自动选取、非训练样区的分类等几个有关的问题进行了分析,并对该分类法的优势进行了分析和总结。 相似文献
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GIS支持的长江安徽段干流河道演变的遥感分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
长江是我国的黄金水道,对长江安徽段河道演变的研究将有助于岸线资源的开发利用、河势变化分析及河道整治。本文运用RS与GIS方法对四期遥感TM影像图,采用目视解译和微机图像处理相结合的方法,分析研究了1980年以来长江干流安徽段河道的时空变化特征和规律。研究表明1980年以来长江干流安徽全河段总体河势保持相对稳定,未发生长河段的主流线大幅度摆动现象,但局部河段的河势仍不断调整,有的河段河势变化还相当剧烈。1980~2000年长江河道多处表现为泥沙的淤积作用,在分汊型河道边缘滩州和江心洲淤长作用明显,2000~2008年河道表现出明显的冲刷状态,主要原因在于上游来沙量的减少和下游的岸滩防护工作有效开展。2000~2008年,河流上段内滩洲冲刷速率大于下段。 相似文献
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基于RS和GIS的巢湖流域城镇体系空间结构分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在RS和GIS技术支持下,利用相关影像,采用监督分类和人机交瓦相结合的方法对研究区城镇信息进行提取,在此基础上从城镇体系的空间分布特点及空间集聚与扩散效应的角度,对研究区域的空间结构进行分析.研究表明,该城镇体系的空间集聚能力强于扩散能力. 相似文献
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依据杜蒙县1990和2007年TM影像、土地利用变更统计数据,在土地利用结构数量、动态度指数及土地利用结构信息墒上,分析了该地区土地利用结构的变化.结果显示:杜蒙县土地利用类型分布较均匀,各类用地结构结构有一定差异.最后根据结果分析了杜蒙县土地利用结构变化的原因,并提出了土地利用的建议. 相似文献
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Silvania Avelar Rainer Zah Carlos Tavares-Corrêa 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009
The spatial differentiation of socioeconomic classes in a city can deliver insight into the nexus of urban development and the environment. The purpose of this paper is to identify poor and rich regions in large cities according to the predominant physical characteristics of the regions. Meaningful spatial information from urban systems can be derived using remote sensing and GIS tools, especially in large difficult-to-manage cities where the dynamics of development results in rapid changes to urban patterns. We use here very high resolution imagery data for the identification of homogeneous socioeconomic zones in a city. We formulate the categorization task as a GIS analysis of an image classified with conventional techniques. Experiments are conducted using a QuickBird image of a study area in Lima, Peru. We provide accuracy assessment of results compared to ground truth data. Results show an approximated allocation of socioeconomic zones within Lima. The methodology described could also be applied to other urban centers, particularly large cities of Latin America, which have characteristics similar to those of the study area. 相似文献
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遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)是支撑现代地理学的两大空间技术工具,近年来两者的结合引起了人们的普遍关注和研究。本文阐述了RS和GIS的特点和发展趋势,探讨了RS和GIS之间的密切联系和相互支撑关系,并结合自己的工作实践浅谈了RS和GIS在土地利用动态监测和现状调查中的应用。 相似文献
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根据1986年、1995年和2003年三期TM遥感影像,利用遥感和地理信息系统空间分析方法,研究了1986~2003年间杨凌示范区的土地利用动态变化情况。分析结果显示:①在1986~2003年间,耕地面积逐年下降,17年间下降了20多km2,具体体现在:1986年、1995年及2003年耕地分别占总土地面积的74%、59.7%和50.8%;而园地面积增加幅度最大,增加了近12 km2,年变化率近10%;林地和交通用地也有了明显的增加,增长幅度分别为7.4%、7.1%;此外,居民点用地也有明显增加。②杨凌在1986~1995年间,居民点用地几乎没有变化,而1995~2003年间居民点用地有了大幅度的增加;另外,2003年交通用地比1995年在总土地面积中所占的比例增加了1.6%,这充分说明了杨凌的城市化步伐不断加快。 相似文献
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Remote sensing and GIS application in change detection of the Barak River channel,N.E. India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rivers flowing through the alluvium invariably have very low gradient forcing the river to flow slowly in a meandering and
zigzag path. Nature and intensity of meandering is governed by the geological and tectonic conditions of the river basin.
Barak River in tectonically active south Assam (Northeast India) exhibits intense meandering and shifting of the river course.
Topographic data of two different years and satellite images of 4 different years covering a section of the Barak River have
been investigated to verify the nature of changes undergone by the river through times. This study reveals active northward
shift of the river and a prominent neck-cut off in the initial part of the study area. Northward shift of the river also occurred
in the area west of Silchar. But, in the western part the river has shifted both towards north and south. Oscillatory shifting
in the river channel has also been noticed. The river has shown a overall northward shift which is probably due to uplift
of the southern part of the Barak River valley. 相似文献