第一篇 吉林省地质资料简介

地质资料是在地质矿产工作中积累的各种资料，是我们认识地球、保护和合理利用地球资源的基础。自建国以来，国家在吉林省投资70多亿元资金开展地质工作，形成了6000多档地质资料，这些资料既是广大地质工作者几十年艰辛努力取得的宝贵成果，也     

壳幔岩石矿物物性参数整合

为理解壳-幔物质密度、速度结构的地质意义,在历时数年的地质-地球物理综合解释工作成果的基础上,整合壳-幔岩石矿物物性参数资料,供地学工作者加深对中国大陆深层区域构造格架的认识.一般来说,随深度增加地壳、地幔和外核岩石矿物密度和速度有正相关的变化规律.从曲线图、柱状图、表格、构造层、岩石矿物多个角度阐述壳-幔岩石矿物物性参数的变化规律,提供综合解释地球内部物质组成的地质-地球物理基础资料.     

深刻理解地质资料汇交管理的重要性促进《地质资料管理条例》的全面实施

地质资料是广大地质工作者辛勤劳动的结晶 ,是国民经济建设的重要基础信息 ,是地质科学研究和人类认识地球以至宇宙的基础。随着地质科学的不断发展和人们认识的不断深入 ,地质服务的范畴不断扩大 ,几乎遍及国家建设的方方面面 ,大到国家的经济计划 ,小到每一项工程的具体实施 ,都离不开地质资料 ,地质科学发展到今天 ,农业地质、旅游地质、环境地质等新的边缘学科随着研究和服务领域的扩展而不断涌现 ,地质资料也因此而更加丰富 ,更加全面。但由于地质资料汇交管理未能及时适应时代发展 ,宣传和法制建设滞后 ,使一些地质资料未能及时汇交。…     

江苏省地质资料管理工作成效及近期工作设想

地质矿产工作是国民经济建设的先行,是经济和社会发展的重要物质基础。地质资料集中反映了地质工作所取得的成果,是地质工作服务社会的载体,是我们认识地球、保护和合理利用矿产资源的基础。地质资料广泛应用于地球科学研究、矿产资源勘查开发、工程建设、地质环境保护、防灾减     

对“秦岭地轴”几个地层问题的看法

在从事本区金矿地质研究,测制地质一地球化学剖面工作中,涉及到了本区几个主要地层也对它们做了一些工作。由于室内分析资料尚未得到,故本文将主要根据野外宏观情况,结合前人工作成果,通过研究分析,对该区几个地层问题,提出如下一些看法。本区地质研究历史较长,先后在本区工作过的专家学者及地质工作者很多,取得了较为丰富的资料。但认识不尽一致,在此不一一列举。本文主要以1/20万栾川幅(1965),     

编写说明

地质资料是国土资源的信息载体 ,是我们认识和研究地球 ,保护和合理利用地球资源的重要基础。地质资料广泛应用于地球科学研究、矿产勘查开发、工程建设、地质环境保护、防灾减灾等国民经济和社会发展的方方面面 ,地质资料的积累和提供利用 ,对减少地质工作的投资风险和重复投入 ,促进矿业经济的可持续发展有着极为重要的作用。为认真落实好《地质资料管理条例》和《地质资料管理条例实施办法》 ,满足社会各界对地质资料的需求 ,适应改革开放和加入WTO带来的国际环境 ,让各界人士充分认识吉林、了解吉林、开发吉林、建设吉林 ,我们把吉林…     

中国海域1:100万区域地质调查主要成果与认识

中国海域及邻区是建设“21世纪海上丝绸之路”、打造海洋命运共同体和推动可持续发展的关键地区,也是地球科学最具有典型性和代表性的研究区域之一。中国管辖海域1：100万区域地质调查是一项以国家需求为导向、以解决重大地球系统科学问题为目标的基础性公益性工作。中国地质调查局通过近20年的持续调查,实现了对中国管辖海域1：100万区域地质调查的全面覆盖,系统地获取了海洋地质和地球物理基础数据,形成了基于实测数据的“一图一库一报告”,大幅提升了中国海洋地质调查工作程度。这项工作填补了中国小比例尺海洋地质国情调查的空白,初步摸清了中国管辖海域地质环境条件和资源环境潜力,取得了一批原创性的认识,为建设海洋强国提供了详实可靠的地质资料,为提升区域地质科学的认知水平奠定了坚实基础。     

浅谈地质档案资料现代化管理的现状与对策

地质档案资料是国土资源的重要信息载体,是人们对地球进行地质工作的直接和最终成果,是我们认识地球,保护和合理利用地球资源的基础。是国家进行资源开发管理、地质灾害防治、地球科学研究等方面的重要信息。因此,抓好地质档案资料管理工作是时代的要求,是适应现代化管理的要求。     

2009年度国家自然科学基金项目指南(地球科学部分)

面上项目指南地球科学是人类认识地球的一门基础科学。它以地球系统及其组成部分为研究对象,探究发生在其中的各种现象、过程及过程之间的相互作用,以提高对地球的认识水平,并利用获取的知识为解决人类生存与可持续发展中的资源供给、环境保护、减轻灾害等重大问题提供科学依据     

地球化学分析与极地地质调查研究

地质工作基本上是一种信息性基础调查研究工作,地质科学是一种信息性科学.地质工作者的主要职责是把地质勘查、岩矿分析测试所取得的海量地质、地球物理、地球化学数据,经过研究转化为地质信息,再把地质信息经过分析、综合,上升为地质认识、地质规律和地质理论.     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Global repeating events in the history of the Earth and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy

Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.