第二类非线性Fredholm型积分方程数值解

配置法研究了地球物理中常见的第二类非线性 Fredholm 型积分方程的数值解法,将第二类非线性 Fredholm 型积分方程转化为非线性代数方程组进行求解,采用高斯数值积分公式,给出了数值计算的具体实例.利用Matlab软件的符号运算功能编程计算,克服了非线性方程难于变成求解的困难,数值例子表明该方法编程简便有效.对非线性积分方程和非线性代数方程组的求解都有重要价值.     

基于GPU实现汉克尔变换并行计算

地球物理勘探技术日新月异,地球物理勘探数据的处理和解释对高性能计算机的要求越来越高.相比于地震勘探,重力、磁法、电法勘探中的并行计算研究还都处于起步阶段.基于GPU的并行计算能够提供强大的计算能力和存储器带宽,同时具有良好的可编程性、较低的成本和较短的开发周期.这里实现了瞬变电磁法一维正演计算中汉克尔变换基于GPU的并行计算,比较了汉克尔变换串行算法和并行算法的计算耗时,基于GPU技术的并行计算相比串行计算,获得了很高的加速比.     

高频大地电磁法有限元数值模拟

由于中深度工程地球物理勘探的迫切需要,以美国EH-4电导率成像系统为代表的高频率大地电磁法,在我国地球物理勘探行业的应用越来越广泛。其勘探深度在地下1000m以内,频率范围在10Hz～100kHz。这里研究了高频率大地电磁法有限元高精度,快速数值模拟。首先利用广义变分原理推导出电磁场的有限元方程,编制了双线性和双二次插值有限元程序,并进行了层状模型的验证性计算,然后对典型地堑模型的数值模拟结果进行了分析,得出了一些有意义的结论。     

模糊相似比方法的改进

模糊相似比方法的改进夏克文（西安石油勘探仪器总厂测井研究所７１００６１）关键词地球物理勘探;模糊数学;计算方法;改进中国图书资料分类法分灯号Ｏ１５９Ｐ６３１·３４１问题的提出模糊相似比方法是模糊数学中的一种计算方法,广泛应用于地球物理资料解释之中［１...     

航空地球物理勘探在南极调查中的应用

航空地球物理勘探是认识极地区域构造的重要技术手段.在回顾和分析南极航空地球物理勘探发展历史与现状的基础上,总结归纳了航空地球物理勘探在南极地区取得的主要成果.归纳出南极地壳结构研究、南极古大陆重建与恢复、南极火山与岩浆作用调查和南极冰架与地质相互作用研究等4方面典型实例,航空地球物理勘探为南极地区域地质构造研究提供了有...     

2001年勘探地球物理技术的发展

地球物理学是数字硬件和处理技术发展的主要受益者之一.此外,它还从低温物理、核物理,以及与工程学和宇宙研究有关的分支学科中接受了许多有功效的新仪器和新的技术思想.由于所提供的经济上的刺激作用,这些新仪器和新思想很快地被引用到地球物理勘探.这样,尽管新的原理不多,但地球物理勘探的实践正在显著地改变.具有最大计算速度和最大存储量篮球那样大小的计算机,目前正在设计中.如果工作进程正常,那末这种计算机在2001年之前即可应用于地球物理勘探.下面我们讨论一下这些因素所产生的某些结果.     

神经网络在勘探地球物理的应用

随着地球物理数据和地质信息的不断积累,神经网络作为一种数据驱动的建模工具在地球物理中的应用越来越广泛,在数据预处理和图像识别等方面表现出色.为了梳理神经网络在勘探地球物理的应用现状与发展趋势,本文回顾了神经网络的发展历程、基本原理和主要技术框架,总结了神经网络在勘探地震、电磁法、重磁勘探中的应用,同时分析了神经网络的优...     

SURFER软件在地球物理资料处理中的应用

介绍了利用surfer绘制带地形起伏的平面等值线图的过程以及微分算子在地球物理勘探领域的作用,同时给出了应用实例.     

JU变换方法及其在地球物理勘探中的应用

本文概述ＪＵ函数的建立，ＪＵ变换方法的定义、计算式，离散ＪＵ变换计算式等基本理论。为了说明方法的特点和正确性，本文列举了在应用地球物理勘探资料解释中的几个简单例子，并进行了变换处理计算。在这些实例中，不但能以显函数计算式的方法进行解反演问题，而且计算简捷，结果精确度高。由此可以看出，本方法在地球物理勘探资料解释中独具的特点和应用前景。     

VC++调用Matlab实现三维欧拉反褶积运算

磁性地质界面的反演是地球物理勘探的重要方法之一。这里介绍了在V isual C 6.0调用Matlab engine的详细步骤,实现了以VC为主界面,调用Matlab反演磁性界面的三维欧拉算法,并应用到不同延深的单体模型和多体模型实验中。结果表明,程序的开发周期和工作量大为缩短,复杂分布的磁性体也可用该方法确定水平位置和深度。该程序为开发地球物理分析软件提供了一条高可靠性、低开发周期的有效途径。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861