Utilization and sustainable development of island mountains in China

The island mountain utilization is a kind of mountain utilization. Although the islands cover little area, they can be used as the base of marine development. The sustainable development of island mountains is of significance to marine development. There are more than 6500 islands (including the South China Sea Islets) in China, and most of them are continental islands which are the extension of continental mountains extent towards sea. For this reason, there are many hills but few mountains, the area of hills makes up more than two thirds of the whole land area. In order to keep ecological balance of islands, the utilization of island hills and mountains should take exploitation of forests as the main to conserve water source and water-soil, and forests become an important factor in keeping ecological balance and sustainable development of islands. At the same time we should make good use of forests through setting up forest nature protecting area and forest parks and developing forest tourism. A part of research achievements of the project subsidized by National Natural Science Foundation (No. 49171026).     

Utilization and sustainable development of island mountains in China

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经济发展与高等教育学科结构关系的模型研究

在筛选因子与资料整理的基础上,运用定性与定量分析的方法,构筑出四川经济发展与四川高等教育学科结构关系的模型,推导出四川经济与高教两者发展的正相关关系,概括出大力发展四川高等教育的3点建议。     

成都市热岛效应与城市空间发展关系分析

利用Landsat卫星影像反演成都市中心城区1992、2001和2009年的地表温度,建筑用地和植被等信息,计算其城市热岛比例指数(URI),对成都市中心城区热岛效应与城市空间发展关系进行了分析。结果表明,在1992-2009年期间成都市主城区范围从91.24km2扩展到403.8km2。成都市建成区的大面积扩展导致了城市热岛空间分布发生迁移,从单中心聚集分布转变为多中心环状分布。回归分析说明,建筑用地和植被都是影响地表温度的重要因素,其中建筑用地与地表温度呈指数型正相关关系,而植被与地表温度呈负相关关系。总的看来,成都市中心城区在这17年间的热岛效应有了明显的缓解,城市热岛比例指数从0.72下降到0.33。城市植被覆盖率的增加和合理的规划对缓解城市热岛效应起到了积极的作用。     

碳酸盐岩裂缝研究进展及发展趋势

裂缝对碳酸盐岩储层油气产能有重要的影响。在总结碳酸盐岩裂缝的分类、成因、主控因素、识别与预测等方面的基础上,认为对非构造缝的分类、命名及其含义仍存在较大争议。裂缝成因主要包括构造作用、成岩作用、异常高压作用、剥蚀作用和风化作用。粒度和孔隙度对构造缝发育的影响机理有待进一步深入研究。沉积相对构造缝发育有一定的影响,但同一沉积相内岩性组成复杂,难以准确揭示裂缝发育的影响机理。直接研究岩性对裂缝发育影响更利于揭示裂缝形成机理。基于成岩演化序列对裂缝进行研究可明确裂缝形成时的岩石特征,为深入讨论构造缝发育的主控因素提供了基础。层间缝、缝合线、异常高压缝和溶蚀缝等非构造缝发育的主控因素有待进一步深入研究。近几年地震技术识别裂缝突破不大,非常规测井识别裂缝领域以声波远探测技术发展最快。常规测井识别裂缝一直是研究的热点问题,不同学者提出了40余种裂缝识别方法。测井、地震信息裂缝预测法预测结果可靠性高,是目前主流的裂缝预测技术。规范裂缝分类、梳理裂缝成因、深化构造缝发育机理研究、加强非构造缝主控因素探讨、提高常规测井裂缝识别率、综合现有不同裂缝预测技术预测裂缝是下一步裂缝研究的重要发展方向。      

On the relation between the evolution of natural environment and human factors and the development of urban settlement—Take the Lanzhou Valley Basin as an examples

Lanzhou Valley Basin is composed of two smaller diamond-shaped basins striking from NW to SE and including 6 river terraces. The lower terraces remaining even and smooth are main sites for city buildings. The main function of Lanzhou urban settlement is a ferry and transport centre. Lanzhou used to be an important crossing site and post on the “silk road”, and then became a transport and trade centre in Northwest China. In the middle part of the 17th century, Lanzhou became the capital of Gansu, a new province. The development process of Lanzhou urban settlement indicates that urban settlement is a system consisting of natural environment and human society based on the former.     

ANALYSIS ON THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION VARIATION CHARACTERISTIC OF URBAN HEAT ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND ITS MECHANISM——A Case Study of Hangzhou City

Urban heat environmental quality(UHEQ) is affected by the interacting of weather condition and underlying surface framework of urban area .In the last two decades,many researchers from domestic and overseas have studied many problems at the aspect of urban heat environment such as urban heat islands ,urban air temperature and their rela-tion with urban land cover,city population,air pollution etc,In the recent years,Hangzhou,acting as a center city of Zhejiang Province in China,its urbanization quantum and quantity have both changed greatly,in particular ,representing as business affairs building,resident real property and all kins of specialty market having arisen in built-up zone,Based on Landsat TM images data in 1991 and 1999,urban underlying surface temperature value and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were calculated using image interpreting and supervised classification technique by remote sensing software ERDAS image 8.4,The relation model between urban underlying surface temperature (UUST )and urban air temperature was setup according to the certain correlation patten .Reference to the relational standard of assessing human comfort and other meteorology data of Hangzhou City in summer,the spatial distribution characteristic and the spatial varia-tion degree of human comfort of heat environmental quality are estimated and mapped on a middle scale,that is ,in six districts of Hangzhou City .Then the paper reveals the main characteristic of spatial variation from 1991 to 1999.Lastly,the change mechanism is analyzed and discussed from the viewpoint of city planning,construction and environmental protec-tion.     

基于ECM模型的成都市城镇居民收入与消费问题的实证研究

利用成都市1978—2007年度的城镇居民可支配收入和人均消费支出数据,构建误差修正模型进行了实证研究,结果显示：成都市城镇居民人均消费支出和可支配收入两变量存在协整关系;人均可支配收入是影响消费支出最根本的原因;由于误差修正系数为负数,符合反向修正机制,使得短期的消费政策无效。因此,长期来看,政府必须采取有效措施提高居民的可支配收入,优化供给和消费结构,才能实现扩大内需的政策目标。     

New patterns of urban development in China

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Spatial Autocorrelation and Localization of Urban Development

A nonlinear analysis of urban evolution is made by using of spatial autocorrelation theory. A first-order nonlinear autoregression model based on Clark’s negative exponential model is proposed to show urban population density. The new method and model are applied to Hangzhou City, China, as an example. The average distance of population activities, the auto-correlation coefficient of urban population density, and the auto-regressive function values all show trends of gradual increase from 1964 to 2000, but there always is a sharp first-order cutoff in the partial auto- correlations. These results indicate that urban development is a process of localization. The discovery of urban locality is significant to improve the cellular-automata-based urban simulation of modeling spatial complexity.