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固井前获得地层的实际承压能力,对固井设计和安全都有着重要的意义。在一些上层套管下深较浅的井中,受上层套管鞋处地层破裂压力或上层套管抗内压强度限制,常规的地层承压能力测试无法满足固井要求,针对该问题,文中提出一种地层承压能力动态测试方法,同时进行了现场应用。该方法是在下套管循环后分挡逐渐增加排量,并同时记录与之对应的泵压、钻井液性能及漏失情况,然后利用流变学的原理计算出关键地层深度的承压能力。研究认为这种动态承压测试方法对于低压易漏井行之有效,实用性强,能够满足固井现场对承压能力测试的要求,获得的地层承压能力值为固井设计和安全提供了基础和保障。 相似文献
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U型井是煤层气资源开采的一种新型模式,在水平井固井施工时易出现水泥浆冲刷洞穴,部分水泥浆进入洞穴直井,破坏直井,另外,斜井段顶替效率低,容易造成泥浆窜槽,影响固井质量.为了解决这一问题,提出了分流水泥浆套管串结构和采用低密度水泥浆+速凝早强水泥浆体系固井技术.该工艺技术不仅保证了水泥浆能顺利返至地面,也避免了水泥浆对直井洞穴的冲刷,确保固井质量,因而在类似煤层气U型井固井作业时具有良好的应用前景,可逐步推广. 相似文献
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针对长庆油田?139.7 mm生产套管中下?88.9 mm小套管二次固井环空间隙小、固井施工压力高,水泥环薄、密封完整性难以满足后期措施需求,固井前井筒界面环境差、二界面水泥胶结不佳等技术难点,通过技术创新及改进,研制出适用于小套管二次固井的低摩阻耐压防漏水泥浆体系、热固性树脂水泥浆体系,结合自主研发的界面增强型冲洗液和固井压塞液体系,形成一套长庆油田小套管固井工作液体系。优选性能可靠的固井配套工具,优化小套管固井管串结构,按照平衡压力固井原理,采用一次上返固井工艺,总结出了一套小套管二次固井工艺技术。现场应用10口井,固井质量优良率95%,增产效果显著,为长庆油田老井增潜挖效及套损井治理提供了有力的技术支撑。 相似文献
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为提高红河油田水平井固井质量,满足后期分段压裂需求,对红河油田水平井固井技术进行了研究。针对红河油田水平段固井技术难点,通过室内和现场试验,优选出了GSJ水泥浆体系,基于实测地层压力与地层破裂压力,进行平衡压力固井设计确定了环空浆体结构,为提高顶替效率,优化了扶正器类型与加放位置,专业软件模拟表明套管居中度>73%,良好的井眼准备和套管漂浮措施确保了管柱的顺利下入;加长胶塞、树脂滚轮刚性旋流扶正器和关井阀等附件的使用,保证了固井质量。现场应用53口水平井,水泥浆全部返至地面,CBL测井结果表明,固井优良率达81.13%。该固井技术成功应用于红河油田水平井中,保证了固井质量,满足了后期分段压裂的需要。 相似文献
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近几年国内施工大口径煤矿瓦斯排放井、输冰降温井、注氮井、送料井等特殊用途工程井时,常发生套管下不到位、套管折断跑管、固井时将钻杆固在井内、套管挤毁报废等事故,给施工单位造成巨大的经济损失。结合近年来的施工经验对大口径工程井常见事故进行研究,分析了事故的成因,提出了采取的预防措施。 相似文献
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对米桑油田部分井出现的高压盐膏层井段固井质量差且影响下步作业的情况进行了分析,优化了前置液设计、水泥浆设计、入井套(尾)管现场检查、下套管前井眼要求、固井前井筒要求、套管居中、固井注替、固井质量检验等,并成功应用于47井高压盐膏层井段固井,为后续开发井类似井段的固井质量提升提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozach Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献